Targeting Plasmodium Metabolism to Improve Antimalarial Drug Design.

Malaria is one of the main infectious diseases in tropical developing countries and represents high morbidity and mortality rates nowadays. The principal etiological agent P. falciparum is transmitted through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The issue has escalated due to the emergence of resistant strains to most of the antimalarials used for the treatment including Chloroquine, Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine, and recently Artemisinin derivatives, which has led to diminished effectiveness and by consequence increased the severity of epidemic outbreaks. Due to the lack of effective compounds to treat these drug-resistant strains, the discovery or development of novel anti-malaria drugs is important. In this context, one strategy has been to find inhibitors of enzymes, which play an important role for parasite survival. Today, promising results have been obtained in this regard, involving the entire P. falciparum metabolism. These inhibitors could serve as leads in the search of a new chemotherapy against malaria. This review focuses on the achievements in recent years with regard to inhibition of enzymes used as targets for drug design against malaria.

Diagnóstico tardío de carcinoma escamo celular en boca: reporte de caso / Delayed diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma in the mouth: case report

Es de gran importancia que el odontólogo esté entrenado en la detección temprana de cualquier lesión de la cavidad bucal, más aun cuando se trata de una lesión pre-maligna o maligna. El odontólogo es el primer profesional de la salud que entra en contacto con la cavidad bucal del paciente y por lo tanto el encargado de preservar la salud de la misma, no solo de los órganos dentarios si no de todos los tejidos que componen el aparato estomatognático. En el presente caso se muestra un paciente masculino de 72 años de edad que acude al Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco “Dr. José Barba Rubio” con una lesión exofítica ulcerada de aproximadamente cinco años de evolución localizada en piel de mejilla, se realiza excisión quirúrgica, el estudio histopatológico diagnostica carcinoma de células escamosas bien diferenciado originado en cavidad bucal que posteriormente invade tejido blando y piel. Se remite al Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología para continuar el tratamiento.

It is important, the dentist should be prepared in early detection of any lesion of the oral cavity, specially, if there is a premalignant lesion. The dentist is the health professional that first has contact with the mouth of the patient. Therefore preserving the health of dental organs and all tissues of the mouth. The case we report, is a 72 year old male who presented at the dermatological institute of Jalisco, “Dr. Jose Barba Rubio, with an ulcerated exophytic lesion of approximately five years of development, surgical excision is performed, the histopathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma, well differentiated originated in the oral cavity, the latter invading soft tissue and skin. The patient was referred to the Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología, to continue treatment.