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2.
An. psicol ; 30(2): 633-641, mayo 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-121802

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo tiene el propósito de analizar el poder predictivo de diversas variables psicosociales y de personalidad sobre el con-sumo o no consumo de nicotina en la población adolescente mediante el uso de diversas técnicas de clasificación procedentes de la metodología Data Mining. Más concretamente, se analizan las RNA -Perceptrón Multicapa (MLP), Funciones de Base Radial (RBF) y Redes Probabilísticas (PNN)--, los árboles de decisión, el modelo de regresión logística y el análisis discriminante. Para ello, se ha trabajado con una muestra de 2666 adolescentes, de los cuales 1378 no consumen nicotina mientras que 1288 son consumidores de nicotina. Los modelos analizados han sido capaces de discriminar correctamente entre ambos tipos de sujeto en un rango comprendido entre el 77.39% y el 78.20%, alcanzando una sensibilidad del 91.29% y una especificidad del 74.32%. Con este estudio, se pone a disposición del especialista en conductas adictivas, un conjunto de técnicas estadísticas avanzadas capaces de manejar simultáneamente una gran cantidad de variables y sujetos, así como aprender de forma automática patrones y relaciones complejas, siendo muy adecuadas para la predicción y prevención del comporta-miento adictivo


This study is aimed at analysing the predictive power of different psychosocial and personality variables on the consumption or non-consumption of nicotine in a teenage population using different classification techniques from the field of Data Mining. More specifically, we analyse ANNs - Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Functions (RBF) and Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNNs) -decision trees, the logistic regression model and discriminant analysis. To this end, we worked with a sample of 2666 teenagers, 1378 of whom do not consume nicotine while 1288 are nicotine consumers. The models analysed were able to discriminate correctly between both types of subjects within a range of 77.39% to 78.20%, achieving 91.29% sensitivity and 74.32% specificity. With this study, we place at the disposal of specialists in addictive behaviours a set of advanced statistical techniques that are capable of simultaneously processing a large quantity of variables and subjects, as well as learning complex patterns and relationships automatically, in such a way that they are very appropriate for predicting and preventing addictive behaviour


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Smoking/psychology , Psychometrics/instrumentation , Behavior, Addictive/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Risk Factors , Risk Adjustment/methods , Logistic Models
3.
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-119199

ABSTRACT

A study was designed to find out whether MMPI-2 validity scales and indexes differentiate between true fibromyalgia sufferers, patients with chronic organic pain and normal people, as well as whether they are correctly classified. 105 subjects participated in the study, 27 diagnosed with fibromyalgia and 44 with chronic organic pain and 34 were healthy people, who answered the MMPI-2 following standard instructions. The results showed that fibromyalgia patients scored higher than the control group in the F, Fb, F-K, Fp, Ds, and FBS scales and indexes and that patient with chronic organic pain scored higher in the Ds and FBS scales than the control group. The case study revealed that the F, Fb, F-K, Fp, Ds, and FBS scales and indexes over-diagnose malingering in patients with fibromyalgia, both in comparison with the clinical population and with the normative group. Likewise, patients with chronic organic pain were overdiagnosed as malingerers by all the scales and indexes in comparison with the normative population and by the Fp and FBS scales in comparison with the clinical population. In addition, it was found that at least one of the scales for measuring defensiveness -L, Wsd and Mp- classified 79.5% of the truly ill patients as faking good. The implications for clinical and forensic practice are discussed, as well as for the definition of decision criteria and the (re)classification as true negatives of genuine cases classified as malingerers by the malingering measuring scales and indexes (AU)


Se diseñó un estudio con el objetivo de conocer si escalas e índices de validez del MMPI-2 diferencian entre verdaderos enfermos de fibromialgia, pacientes con dolor crónico de etiología orgánica y personas normales, así como si los clasifican correctamente. Participaron en el estudio 105 sujetos, 27 diagnosticados de fibromialgia, 44 de dolor crónico con etiología orgánica y 34 sanos, que respondieron al MMPI-2 bajo las instrucciones estándar. Los resultados mostraron que los pacientes de fibromialgia puntuaban más alto en las escalas e índices F, Fb, F-K, Fp, Ds y FBS que el grupo control y los pacientes de dolor crónico con etiología orgánica en las escalas Ds y FBS. El estudio de casos evidenció que las escalas e índices F, Fb, F-K, Fp, Ds y FBS sobrediagnostican simulación en los pacientes con fibromialgia, tanto en comparación con la población clínica como con la normativa. Asimismo, los pacientes con dolor crónico con etiología orgánica fueron sobrediagnosticados como simuladores por todas las escalas e índices en comparación con la población normativa y por las escalas Fp y FBS en comparación con la población clínica. Además hallamos que al menos una de las escalas de medida de defensividad –L, Wsd y Mp– clasificaba como disimuladores al 79.5% de los verdaderos enfermos. Se discuten las implicaciones para la práctica clínica y forense, así como para la definición de criterios de decisión y la (re)clasificación como verdaderos negativos de aquellos casos genuinos clasificados como simuladores por las escalas e índices de medida de la simulación (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Fibromyalgia/classification , International Classification of Diseases/methods , MMPI , Reproducibility of Results , Chronic Pain/classification
4.
Clín. salud ; 24(1): 47-54, mar. 2013. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-113378

ABSTRACT

The generation of scientific knowledge in Psychology has made significant headway over the last decades, as the number of articles published in high impact journals has risen substantially. Breakthroughs in our understanding of the phenomena under study demand a better theoretical elaboration of work hypotheses, efficient application of research designs, and special rigour concerning the use of statistical methodology. Anyway, a rise in productivity does not always mean the achievement of high scientific standards. On the whole, statistical use may entail a source of negative effects on the quality of research, both due to (1) the degree of difficulty inherent to some methods to be understood and applied and (2) the commission of a series of errors and mainly the omission of key information needed to assess the adequacy of the analyses carried out. Despite the existence of noteworthy studies in the literature aimed at criticising these misuses (published specifically as improvement guides), the occurrence of statistical malpractice has to be overcome. Given the growing complexity of theories put forward in Psychology in general and in Clinical and Health Psychology in particular, the likelihood of these errors has increased. Therefore, the primary aim of this work is to provide a set of key statistical recommendations for authors to apply appropriate standards of methodological rigour, and for reviewers to be firm when it comes to demanding a series of sine qua non conditions for the publication of papers (AU)


La generación de conocimiento científico en Psicología ha experimentado una importante progresión durante las últimas décadas, ya que el número de artículos publicados en revistas con factor de impacto ha incrementado sensiblemente. Los avances en la comprensión de los fenómenos objeto de estudio exigen una mejor elaboración teórica de las hipótesis de trabajo, una aplicación eficiente de los diseños de investigación y un gran rigor en la utilización de la metodología estadística. Por esta razón, sin embargo, no siempre un incremento en la productividad supone alcanzar un alto nivel de calidad científica. Los usos estadísticos pueden ser, en general, una fuente de efectos negativos sobre la calidad de la investigación, tanto por el grado de dificultad que la comprensión y aplicación de algunos métodos requiere, como por la comisión de un conjunto de errores como, sobre todo, por la omisión de información fundamental para evaluar la adecuación de los análisis realizados. A pesar de que haya notables trabajos dedicados a la crítica de estos malos usos, publicados específicamente como guías de mejora, la incidencia de mala praxis estadística todavía permanece en niveles mejorables. Dada la creciente complejidad de las teorías elaboradas en la psicología en general y en la psicología clínica y de la salud en particular, la probabilidad de ocurrencia de tales errores se ha incrementado. Por este motivo, el objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es presentar un conjunto de recomendaciones estadísticas fundamentales para que los autores consigan aplicar un nivel de rigor metodológico adecuado, así como para que los revisores se muestren firmes a la hora de exigir una serie de condiciones sine qua non para la publicación de trabajos (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Psychology, Clinical/methods , Guidelines as Topic , Epidemiologic Factors
5.
An. psicol ; 28(1): 281-288, ene.-abr. 2012. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-96432

ABSTRACT

En el campo de las adicciones en muchas ocasiones se tiene que trabajar con variables cuantitativas, siendo la media aritmética el índice de localización utilizado mayoritariamente. No obstante, el uso de este índice debería limitarse a aquellas situaciones en las que las distribuciones de las variables sean simétricas. El objetivo de este trabajo es ejemplificar la importancia de recurrir a estadísticos descriptivos adecuados para resumir variables cuantitativas, mediante el estudio de la cantidad de consumo de sustancias adictivas en la adolescencia. La muestra está formada por 9300 estudiantes con edades entre los 14 y los 18 años (47.1% chicos y 52.9% chicas) que contestaron de forma anónima un cuestionario sobre consumo de sustancias. Se describe la cantidad de consumo semanal de diferentes sustancias mediante índices de localización clásicos y pertenecientes al Análisis Exploratorio de Datos (EDA). Se puede observar cómo los resultados varían notablemente en función del estadístico elegido, siendo el M-estimador de Huber un índice con valores más "reales". La media aritmética no es un buen índice para acercarnos debidamente a la realidad del consumo de drogas cuando las distribuciones son asimétricas, siendo necesario utilizar índices resistentes, tal como, entre otros, el M-estimador de Huber (AU)


In the field of addictions on many occasions one has to work with quantitative variables, and the arithmetic mean is the most used location index. Nevertheless, the use of this index should be limited to those situations in which the distributions of the variables are symmetrical. The aim of this work is to exemplify the importance of recurring to adequate descriptive statistics in order to summarize quantitative variables, through the study of the quantity of consumption of addictive substances in adolescence. The sample is made up of 9300 students between 14 and 18 years (47.1% boys and 52.9% girls) who anonymously answered a questionnaire on consumption of substances. The quantity of weekly consumption of different substances is described using classical location indexes belonging to Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA). It can be seen how the results vary noticeably according to the statistics selected, with the Huber M-estimator as the index giving more "real" values. The arithmetic mean is not a good index in order to duly approach the reality of drug consumption when the distributions are asymmetrical, in which cases it becomes necessary to use resistant indexes such as, among others, Huber’s M-estimator (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Adolescent , Humans , Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis , Substance-Related Disorders/pathology , Illicit Drugs/legislation & jurisprudence , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/etiology , Substance-Related Disorders/prevention & control , Substance-Related Disorders/therapy , Illicit Drugs/adverse effects , Illicit Drugs/blood , Illicit Drugs/economics , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology
6.
Clín. salud ; 23(1): 97-108, mar. 2012. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-99610

ABSTRACT

The use of statistics in any scientific discipline may be considered a key element in the assessment of the degree of maturity of a field and show the generation of non-speculative knowledge. The aim of this study is to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the use of statistical methods in Clinical and Health Psychology. In order to achieve this aim, a group of 8 journals with an ISI impact index located in quartile 1 or quartile 2 were chosen, and 623 articles published in 2010 were reviewed. The main results show a ranking with the most used techniques and their distribution in each of the journals. This article presents a panoramic view of the degree of use of statistical methodology and its level of diversity andcomplexity. Finally, a suggestion of the application of statistical models that are currently not present, but which may be very useful for research in Clinical and Health Psychology, is made. This information is most relevant for improving the quality of current research and education of new researchers (AU)


El uso de la estadística en cualquier disciplina científica puede ser considerad o como un elemento clave en la evaluación del grado de madurez de un campo y demuestra la generación de conocimiento no especulativo. El objetivo de este estudio es llevar a cabo un análisis bibliométrico del uso de los métodos estadísticos en Psicología Clínica y de la Salud. Para la consecución de este objetivo se escogió un grupo de 8 revistas con índice de impacto ISI, situadas en cuartil 1 o cuartil 2, y fueron revisados 623 artículos publicados durante al año 2010. Los principales resultados muestran un ranking con las técnicas más utilizadas y su distribución en cada una de las revistas. Este artículo presenta una visión panorámica del grado de utilización de la metodología estadística y su nivel de diversidad y complejidad. Finalmente, se sugiere la aplicación de modelos estadísticos que actualmente no tienen presencia, pero que pueden ser muy útiles para la investigación en Psicología Clínica y de la Salud. Esta información es muy relevante para la mejora de la calidad de la investigación actual y del entrenamiento de nuevos investigadores (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Data Interpretation, Statistical , 50088 , Psychology, Clinical/statistics & numerical data , Journal Impact Factor , Psychological Tests/statistics & numerical data
7.
Brain Cogn ; 78(3): 284-99, 2012 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22296984

ABSTRACT

It is a well-established finding that the central executive is fractionated in at least three separable component processes: Updating, Shifting, and Inhibition of information (Miyake et al., 2000). However, the fractionation of the central executive among the elderly has been less well explored, and Miyake's et al. latent structure has not yet been integrated with other models that propose additional components, such as access to long-term information. Here we administered a battery of classic and newer neuropsychological tests of executive functions to 122 healthy individuals aged between 48 and 91 years. The test scores were subjected to a latent variable analysis (LISREL), and yielded four factors. The factor structure obtained was broadly consistent with Miyake et al.'s three-factor model. However, an additional factor, which was labeled 'efficiency of access to long-term memory', and a mediator factor ('speed of processing') were apparent in our structural equation analysis. Furthermore, the best model that described executive functioning in our sample of healthy elderly adults included a two-factor solution, thus indicating a possible mechanism of dedifferentiation, which involves larger correlations and interdependence of latent variables as a consequence of cognitive ageing. These results are discussed in the light of current models of prefrontal cortex functioning.


Subject(s)
Aging/psychology , Executive Function/physiology , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Inhibition, Psychological , Learning/physiology , Male , Memory/physiology , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests
8.
Addict Behav ; 36(4): 368-74, 2011 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21190799

ABSTRACT

Cannabis is the most consumed illegal drug in Europe and its repercussions are more important when taken up at an early age. The aim of this study is to analyse and quantify the predictive value of different personal, family and environmental variables on the consumption of cannabis in adolescence. The sample is made up of 9284 adolescents (47.1% boys and 52.9% girls) with an average age of 15.59 years (SE=1.17). The ZINB model highlights, as factors that increase the number of joints consumed per week, consumption by the peer group, nights out during the week, gender, the production of forbidden behaviour and the use of other substances, whereas the risk factors for the consumption of cannabis are consumption by friends, ease of access, production of forbidden behaviour and the use of other substances. Association rules highlight the relationship between cannabis consumption, ease of access, production of forbidden behaviour and tobacco consumption. Finally, decision trees enable us to predict cannabis consumption as well as the number of joints an adolescent will consume per week based on the production of forbidden behaviour, consumption of other substances and number of friends who consume cannabis. The results of this work have practical implications concerning the prevention of cannabis consumption in an adolescent population.


Subject(s)
Family Relations , Marijuana Abuse/psychology , Peer Group , Social Behavior , Social Environment , Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Mining , Female , Friends , Humans , Male , Marijuana Abuse/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology
9.
Adicciones ; 22(2): 147-54, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20549150

ABSTRACT

Party networks of young people are very important for socialization, but can also influence their involvement in risk behaviours or they can be protective. The influence of nightlife network of friends in using alcohol/ drugs is investigated through a survey. We explore the individual-centred networks (7.360 friends) of 1.363 recreational nightlife users in 9 European cities in 2006, through 22 friend characteristics. Statistical analysis utilised factorial analysis with varimax rotation and analysis of variance. The 69% of the sample had been drunk during the last month and more than half of them had used illicit drugs. Most of the respondents use to have a stable group of friends with whom to go out. Networks main characteristics were being more or less deviant and/or prosocial. Having not network or a less prosocial network is related to be low consumers. Having a non deviant, but prosocial network is related to being a person who gets drunk without using illegal drugs. Users of illegal drugs have a deviant and prosocial network. Finally ex users have less deviant networks, but at the same time a helper and prosocial network. Males drug use patterns appear to be less affected by the characteristics of their networks. Some preventive consequences coming from these results are already known as the importance of having less deviant friends. But some other issues are less known: to enhance certain prosocial skills may have counter preventive effects among recreational users and to influence the network for preventative purposes may be more effective among females.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Social Support , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
10.
Adicciones (Palma de Mallorca) ; 22(2): 147-154, abr.-jun. 2010. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-81946

ABSTRACT

Las redes de amigos cuando se sale las noches de los fines de semana son muy importantes para la socialización, pero también pueden influir en facilitar o no el uso y abuso de alcohol y drogas ilegales. Se encuesta a 1.363 jóvenes de 9 ciudades Europeas para conocer su red de amigos (7.360) a partir de 22 posibles características. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el análisis factorial con rotación varimax y análisis de la varianza. El 69% de la muestra se había emborrachado durante el último mes y más de la mitad de ellos habían consumido drogas ilegales. La mayoría de los encuestados tiene un grupo estable de amigos con los que suele salir. Las principales características que definen la red de amigos es que sea más o menos desviada y/o prosocial. No tener red o ser ésta menos prosocial se relaciona con consumidores bajos. Tener una red no desviante y pro-social, se relaciona con ser una persona que se embriaga sin usar drogas o ser un ex -usuario. Los usuarios de drogas ilegales tienen una red desviada y prosocial. Las pautas de consumo de los varones parecen estar menos afectadas por su tipo de red social. Hay cuestiones preventivas ya conocidas que se desprender de los resultados, como puede ser la influencia negativa ejercida por las redes de amigos desviantes. Sin embargo, no se conoce tanto el efecto, también negativo, de tener redes más prosociales. Mejorar las capacidades prosociales puede tener, por tanto, efectos contra preventivos. Por otro lado, puede que influir sobre la red de amigos tenga mayores efectos preventivos entre las mujeres (AU)


Party networks of young people are very important for socialization, but can also influence their involvement in risk behaviours or they can be protective. The influence of nightlife network of friends in using alcohol/drugs is investigated through a survey. We explore the individual-centred networks (7.360 friends) of 1.363 recreational nightlife users in 9 Europe ancities in 2006, through 22 friend characteristics. Statistical analysis utilised factorial analysis with varimax rotation and analysis of variance. The 69% of the sample had been drunk during the last month and more than half of them had used illicit drugs. Most of the respondents use to have a stable group of friends with whom to go out. Network’s main characteristics were being more or less deviant and/or prosocial. Having not network or a less prosocial network is related to be low consumers. Having a non deviant, but prosocial network is related to being a person who gets drunk without using illegal drugs. Users of illegal drugs have a deviant and prosocial network. Finally ex users have less deviant networks, but at the same time a helper and prosocial network. Males drug use patterns appear to be less affected by the characteristics of their networks. Some preventive consequences coming from these results are already known as the importance of having less deviant friends. But some other issues are less known: to enhance certain prosocial skills may have counter preventive effects among recreational users and to influence the network for preventative purposes may be more effective among females (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Friends/psychology , Alcohol-Related Disorders/psychology , Social Support , Leisure Activities
11.
Clín. salud ; 21(1): 9-19, mar. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-85338

ABSTRACT

Resumen. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia de la ansiedad, la ira y la depresión, como emociones negativas, sobre el éxito en la aplicación de un tratamiento psicológico de carácter cognitivo-conductual para dejar de fumar. Estas tres respuestas emocionales fueron evaluadas en una muestra final de 180 personas antes de iniciar el tratamiento. Los resultados muestran que la depresión y la ira ejercen una importante influencia sobre el éxito terapéutico; es decir, habiendo dejado de fumar, mientras que la ansiedad no muestra efectos significativos. Sujetos con elevadas puntuaciones en depresión presentan importantes dificultades para finalizar el programa de manera exitosa, mientras que sujetos con puntuaciones elevadas en ira muestran una buena adherencia y un importante porcentaje de éxito en el tratamiento (AU)


Abstract. The main goal of this research is to analyze the influence of anxiety, anger and depression, as negative emotions, on the efficiency of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program for giving up smoking. These three emotional responses were assessed in a final sample of 180 subjects before starting the treatment program. Subjects with high scores in depression showed significant difficulties in completing the program in a successful way, while subjects with higher scores in anger presented a good adherence and therefore, a high level of success in giving up smoking after the treatment (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods , Expressed Emotion , Smoking/therapy , Smoking/psychology , Anger , Depression/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions
12.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 16(3): 415-420, ago. 2004. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-34366

ABSTRACT

Dos síntomas frecuentes en pacientes diagnosticados de fibromialgia son la ansiedad y la depresión. Éstos no parecen ser la causa pero agravan sus síntomas principales y pueden ser claves en su diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio es corroborar la relación fibromialgia, y ansiedad y depresión, y verificar si los pacientes presentan un perfil específico en la manifestación de las mismas. Para ello se han comparado las respuestas de ansiedad y depresión de un grupo de 36 pacientes fibromiálgicos frente a otro grupo de 44 sujetos con dolor crónico no fibromiálgico, y otro grupo control de 34 personas sin dolor crónico. Todos los sujetos fueron evaluados a través de un procedimiento de doble ciego incluyendo la evaluación mediante tests en ansiedad y depresión. Los resultados indican la existencia de un perfil específico en pacientes fibromiálgicos en depresión y ansiedad que permite una mejor caracterización del síndrome y puede contribuir a su diagnóstico diferencial (AU)


Anxiety and depression are some of the most frequent symptoms that the diagnosed patients of fibromialgy suffer. These dysfunctions don’t seem to be the cause but they increase their main symptoms and constitute a singular characteristic in their diagnosis. The objective of this study was to corroborate the existent relationship between anxiety and depression in people with fibromialgy, as well as to verify if these patients present a specific profile for this pathology. The answers of anxiety and depression of a group of 36 patient with fibromialgy have been compared with another group of 44 subject with non-fibromialgic chronic pain, and with a third group of 34 healthy people (control). All subjects were evaluated through a double blind procedure, using anxiety and depression questionnaires. Results indicate the existence of a specific profile in patients with fibromialgy regarding anxiety and depression that allows a better characterization of this pathology and therefore can contribute to their differential diagnosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Fibromyalgia/psychology , Anxiety/diagnosis , Depression/diagnosis , Psychic Symptoms , Case-Control Studies , Double-Blind Method , Anxiety/etiology , Depression/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Psychological Tests
13.
J Safety Res ; 33(4): 511-25, 2002.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12429107

ABSTRACT

Occupational Health and Safety in Spain has improved considerably over the last decade, most likely due to a new concept where an overall concept of safety culture is defined. Important changes in industrial safety, hygiene, and psychosocial factors present an optimistic panorama for the future of Spain. Despite this general improvement, according to the European Convergence Program, Spanish statistics still offer far from good safety results. In fact, according to 1997 official statistics, Spain had the highest incidence rate for nonfatal occupational accidents of all European Union (EU) countries, and occupied third place for fatal accidents. This paper summarizes the organizational structure of the Spanish National System of Health & Safety at Work, its effective health and safety laws, and statistics on the Spanish work environment obtained from III Spanish National Survey on Work Conditions (1997). The researchers hope that the findings of this work will have an impact on Spanish industry that will subsequently bring about improvements in work conditions and develop assessment and intervention models in occupational health and safety, from a theoretical position integrating environmental, human, and organizational factors.


Subject(s)
Occupational Exposure , Occupational Health , Safety Management/methods , Humans , Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data , Safety Management/trends , Spain
14.
Ansiedad estrés ; 7(2/3): 283-291, jun. 2001. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21008

ABSTRACT

El avance en las técnicas y conocimientos biomédicos han permitido la existencia de tratamientos en reproducción asistida cada vez más eficaces, así com un aumento del número de mujeres sometidas a los mismos. Igualmente la investigación ha resaltado la importancia de las variables psicosociales y de procesos emocionales en las mujeres sometidas a dichos tratamientos. En este sentido, se ha evidenciado que factores emocionales, comportamentales y psicosociales afectan a las mujeres y a sus parejas sometidas a técnicas de reproducción y que esos factores tienen repercusines negativas en el curso de los mismos. En este trabajo se describen los resultados obtenidos y se presentan las diferencias encontradas en la evaluación realizada a través de autoinformes de las respuestas emocionales (ansiedad, ira, depresión) entre un grupo de mujeres (N=63) sometidas a tratamiento de reproducción asistida y otro grupo de mujeres (N=63) no sometidas a dichos tratamientos y sin problemas de fertilidad (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Infertility, Female/psychology , Emotions , Reproductive Techniques/psychology , Reproducibility of Results , Spain , Reproductive Techniques/legislation & jurisprudence
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