Sex-Specific Association between Fasting Plasma Glucose and Serum Selenium Levels in Adults from Southern Mexico.

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that by its antioxidant properties has been studied to elucidate its participation in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the association between cardiometabolic traits and serum Se levels in a sample of adults from southern Mexico. In 96 nondiabetic individuals, anthropometric data and clinical biochemistry measurements were analyzed. Serum total Se levels were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Serum Se level in the whole sample was 10.309 ± 3.031 µg mL-1 and no difference between the women and men was observed (p = 0.09). Additionally, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was significantly associated with serum Se level (ß = -0.07 ± 0.03, p = 0.02, analysis adjusted for age, sex and BMI). Furthermore, sex shows significant interaction with FPG on the serum Se levels (p = 0.01). A follow-up analysis revealed the particular association between FPG and Se levels in women (ß = -0.10 ± 0.04, p = 0.01). In conclusion, our data evidenced a women-specific association between FPG and serum Se levels in a sample of adults from southern Mexico.

Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud.

La creciente epidemia de obesidad ha sido uno de los retos más importantes de salud pública en México durante los últimos años. Con apoyo de la Federación Mundial de Obesidad, en 2021 formamos un grupo de profesionales para identificar y resumir las acciones prioritarias en las que puede enfocarse nuestro país para hacer frente a esta epidemia. Al proceso de desarrollo y discusión de este grupo se sumaron más de 1 000 profesionales de la salud para retomar recomendaciones de documentos y guías de alto nivel previamente publicados. En conmemoración del Día Mundial de la Obesidad, en este 2022 se presenta esta postura como insumo para el desarrollo de acciones en el ámbito profesional y de los diferentes sectores, en la que se incluyen 10 recomendaciones de acción, desde la perspectiva poblacional hasta la atención individualizada, y se enfatiza en la importancia de la participación social, de las intervenciones integrales con visión centrada en la persona y de la sostenibilidad planetaria, además de mejorar la educación y las campañas de difusión, propiciar un ambiente promotor de entornos activos y blindar de conflictos de interés los esfuerzos de prevención y control. La postura hace un llamado para abordar la obesidad de manera seria, con base en la evidencia científica, oportuna e integral, con enfoque de curso de vida, de forma ética y sensible, y sin perpetuar las barreras del estigma de peso en la sociedad.

Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud / Becoming better: the need for immediate action to address obesity. A position statement from health professionals

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Abstract: In recent decades, the growing obesity epidemic in Mexico has become one of the most important public health challenges faced by the country. With support from the World Obesity Federation, we formed a working group in 2021 to identify and summarize priority actions that Mexico can take to face this epidemic. More than 1 000 health professionals joined the development and discussion process. Recommendations from previously published, high-level documents and guidelines were taken into account. In commemoration of World Obesity Day 2022, this statement is presented as input for health care professionals to develop actions to address obesity. The statement includes 10 recommendations that include population-level and individual-level actions. It emphasizes the importance of social participation, comprehensive interventions with a person- centered perspective, planetary sustainability, on improving education and communication campaigns, as well as fostering a built environment that promotes active living, and shielding prevention and control efforts from conflicts of interest. The statement calls for obesity to be treated seriously, based on scientific evidence, in a timely and comprehensive manner, employing a life-course and ethical approach that does not perpetuate weight stigma in society.

Nutritional Quality of Fast Food Kids Meals and Their Contribution to the Diets of School-Aged Children.

International data indicate that children and adolescents obtain around one third of their daily food intake from products consumed outside their home. Food products from restaurants are usually higher in calories and lower in nutritional value than those prepared home. We evaluated the nutritional quality in kids' meals from three fast food chains and two movie theaters and compared them with nutritional recommendations for Mexican school-age population. Results showed that the menu options marketed for school-age children have higher caloric contributions than those recommended, in addition to a deficient nutritional quality. The contribution of caloric and of almost all macronutrients for all mealtimes is not only high but even above 100% or 200% of the mean recommended daily intake (reaching to more than 400% of the recommendations of carbohydrates and lipids of preschool age group). In particular, the snack main dish (popcorn), provides over 100% of the mean energy intake recommendations for the three school age groups and for preschool age group, this contribution could reach to 270%. Therefore, regulations regarding nutritional recommendations should exist for these types of commercialized food products for school-age children, along with mandatory and clear labeling that allows consumers to be able to make better choices for their kids.

Atole de amaranto y su efecto potencial sobre la composición corporal de adultas mayores / Amaranth drink and its potential effect on the body composition of older adults

Introducción: El envejecimiento implica disminución de las capacidades físicas asociado a un deficit nutricional por un bajo aporte de calorías y/o proteínas que disminuyen la masa muscular. El desarrollo de dietas que incorporen alimentos funcionales como el amaranto, cuyo contenido de proteína es muy similar y comparable a la caseína, podrían mejorar el estado nutricio de este grupo de población. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de una bebida "atole" a base de amaranto sobre la composición corporal de mujeres mayores utilizando bioimpedancia. Métodos: Se incluyeron 26 mujeres mayores de 60 años suplementadas por 90 días con atole estandarizado con 22.5g de amaranto. Se aplicó la prueba estadística t de Student para muestras relacionadas con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. La evaluación se realizó basal, intermedia día 30 y final día 90. Resultados: En 90 días mostraron disminución de peso »0.97 ± 1.9kg, masa grasa »2 ± 2.0kg (p £ 0.05) y aumento de masa magra »1.20 ±1.8 Kg (p £ 0.05). Discusión: El Amaranto tiene gran potencial como cultivo sostenible con alta incidencia en la seguridad alimentaria, particularmente en grupos vulnerables donde la desnutrición es causa primordial de la fragilidad en el adulto mayor. Conclusiones: Se sugiere que el atole de amaranto favorece la ganancia de masa muscular en adultos mayores. Son necesarias futuras investigaciones sobre los efectos del consumo de amaranto en el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la masa muscular

Background: Aging implies a decrease in physical abilities associated with a nutritional deficit due to a low consumption of calories and / or proteins that decrease muscle mass. The development of diets that incorporate functional foods such as amaranth, whose protein content is very similar and comparable to casein, could improve the nutritional status of this population group. Objetive: in this work was to assess the nutritional effect of consumption of a drink made of amaranth in antropometric parameters of older adults. Materials and methods: Twenty-six adults older over 60 years were supplemented with "Atole" amaranth. Body composition was assessed by impedance at 0, 30 and 90 days before, during and after of supplementation. Results: After 90 days, the weight and fat mass decreased » 0.97 ± 1.9kg and » 2 ± 2.0kg (p£0.05), respectively. However, lean mass increased »1.20 ±1.8 Kg (p£0.005). Conclusions: Se sugiere que el atole de amaranto favorece la ganancia de masa muscular en adultos mayores. Future research is needed on the effects of amaranth consumption on the development and maintenance of muscle mass

Ansiedad, depresión y actividad física asociados a sobrepeso/obesidad en estudiantes de dos universidades mexicanas / Anxiety, depression and physical activity associated with overweight/obesity in students from two mexican universities / Ansiedade, depressão e atividade física associada ao excesso peso/obesidade em estudantes de duas universidades mexicanas

OBJETIVO: Determinar la asociación entre los trastornos afectivos (ansiedad, depresión), la actividad física y la prevalencia combinada de sobrepeso/obesidad en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado de mayo de 2013 a noviembre de 2014 en una muestra aleatoria de 450 estudiantes de enfermería y nutrición de dos universidades mexicanas. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado sobre actividad física y síntomas presuntivos de ansiedad y depresión, se midieron peso, talla y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Los datos obtenidos se procesaron y analizaron en el software estadístico SPSS. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia combinada de sobrepeso/obesidad estimada según el IMC fue 32,4% en el total de la población de estudio; mayor en la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY, 41%) que en la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP, 27,5%), la diferencia entre universidades es estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) la prevalencia es mayor en hombres (38,5%) que en mujeres (30,5%). Las variables que indagan sobre alteraciones en el apetito según el estado emocional advierten asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre sobrepeso/obesidad y aumento del apetito ante el estrés, ansiedad y tristeza. No existe suficiente evidencia estadística en los datos para establecer asociación entre sobrepeso-obesidad y la realización de actividad física, ni se encontraron diferencias en características de la actividad física entre universidades. CONCLUSIÓN: Se evidencian síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios del área de salud, los cuales, asociados a una ingesta alimentaria excesiva y una actividad física leve predisponen al sobrepeso y la obesidad

OBJECTIVE: To decide the association between affective disorders (anxiety, depression), physical activity and combined prevalence of overweight/obesity in a group of university students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from May 2013 to November 2014 in a random sample of 450 nursing and nutrition students from two Mexican universities. A structured questionnaire on physical activity and presumptive symptoms of anxiety and depression was applied, weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The data obtained was processed using the SPSS statistical software. RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight-obesity estimated by BMI was 32.4% in the total study population; it was higher in the Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY) (41%) than in the Universidad Autónoma San Luis Potosí (UASLP) (27.5%). The difference between universities is statistically significant (p<0.05), prevalence is higher in men (38.5%) than in women (30.5%). Variables that investigate alterations in appetite according to the emotional state show statistically significant association (p<0.05) between overweight-obesity and increased appetite for stress, anxiety and sadness. There is insufficient statistical evidence in the data to establish an association between overweight-obesity and physical activity and differences in physical activity characteristics between universities were not found. CONCLUSION: Symptoms of anxiety and depression in university students in the health area are evident, which, associated with excessive food intake and mild physical activity, lead to overweight and obesity

OBJECTIVO: Determinar a associação entre transtornos afetivos (ansiedade, depressão), atividade física e prevalência combinada de sobrepeso/obesidade em um grupo de estudantes universitários em duas universidades no México. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: De maio de 2013 a novembro de 2014, um estudo descritivo transversal foi realizado em uma amostra aleatória de 450 estudantes de enfermagem e nutrição em dois universidades mexicanas. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado de atividade física e sintomas presuntivos de ansiedade e depressão, foram medidos peso, altura e índice de massa corporal (IMC) foi calculado. Os dados obtidos foram processados no software estatístico SPSS. RESULTADOS: A prevalência combinada de excesso de peso a obesidade é estimada pelo IMC de 32,4% na população total do estudo; maior na Universidade Autônoma de Yucatán (UADY) (41%) do que na Universidade Autônoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP) (27,5%), a diferença entre universidades é estatisticamente significativa (p<0.05). A prevalência é maior em homens (38,5%) do que mulheres (30,5%). As variáveis que investigam alterações no apetite como o estado emocional alertar associação estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre o excesso de peso à obesidade e aumento do apetite ao estresse, ansiedade e tristeza. Não há evidências estatísticas suficientes nos dados para estabelecer associação entre o excesso de peso à obesidade e atividade física, não há diferenças nas características da atividade física entre universidades. CONCLUSÃO: Se mostram sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em estudantes universitários da área de saúde, que, associada à ingestão excessiva de alimentos e atividade física uma ligeira vantagem ao sobrepeso e à obesidade

An automated telephone nutrition support system for Spanish-speaking patients with diabetes.

In the United States, Spanish-speaking patients with diabetes often receive inadequate dietary counseling. Providing language and culture-concordant dietary counseling on an ongoing basis is critical to diabetes self-care. To determine if automated telephone nutrition support (ATNS) counseling could help patients improve glycemic control by duplicating a successful pilot in Mexico in a Spanish-speaking population in Oakland, California. A prospective randomized open-label trial with blinded endpoint assessment (PROBE) was performed. The participants were seventy-five adult patients with diabetes receiving care at a federally qualified health center in Oakland, California. ATNS, a computerized system that dialed patients on their phones, prompted them in Spanish to enter (via keypad) portions consumed in the prior 24 hours of various cultural-specific dietary items, and then provided dietary feedback based on proportion of high versus low glycemic index foods consumed. The control group received the same ATNS phone calls 14 weeks after enrollment. The primary outcome was hemoglobin A1c % (A1c) 12 weeks following enrollment. Participants had no significant improvement in A1c (-0.3% in the control arm, -0.1% in the intervention arm, P = .41 for any difference) or any secondary parameters. In our study, an ATNS system did not improve diabetes control in a Spanish-speaking population in Oakland.