A Case of Invasive Fungal Infection Due to Scedosporium apiospermum in a Patient with Psoriasis.

Scedosporium apiospermum (S. apiospermum) is typically reported to be involved in superficial and subcutaneous fungal infections but overlooked in invasive infections, which is associated with a high mortality rate. It poses a diagnostic challenge due to its confusable characteristics to other hyaline hyphomycetes. Here, we reported a psoriasis patient with an invasive S. apiospermum infection. The patient presents an abscess at the intermuscular space of the left hip and an increased C-reactive protein level. Pus culture showed white-greyish, cottonlike colonies with aerial mycelium and terminal oval conidia, suggesting S. apiospermum. This rare fungus was rapidly confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing. The patient was successfully treated with voriconazole with no recurrence of the abscesses despite delayed treatment. This is the first such case infection report from China that described an unusual case of intermuscular space abscesses due to S. apiospermum. This report highlights the possibility of fungal infections in deeper tissue, as well as the necessity of thorough evaluation and microbiological diagnosis for invasive infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.

Case Report: Double trouble: a rare case of successfully treated Mycoplasma hominis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa co-infection.

Background: Extra-urogenital infections due to Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis) are rare, particularly co-infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Herein, we report on a patient who was co-infected and successfully treated despite delayed treatment. Case presentation: We reported the case of a 43-year-old man with M. hominis and P. aeruginosa co-infection after a traffic accident. The patient developed a fever and severe infection despite postoperative antimicrobial therapies. The blood culture of wound tissues was positive for P. aeruginosa. Meanwhile, culturing of blood and wound samples showed pinpoint-sized colonies on blood agar plates and fried-egg-type colonies on mycoplasma medium, which were identified as M. hominis by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA sequencing. Based on antibiotic susceptibility and symptoms, ceftazidime-avibactam and moxifloxacin were administered for P. aeruginosa infection. Meanwhile, after the failure of a series of anti-infective agents, M. hominis and P. aeruginosa co-infection was successfully treated with a minocycline-based regimen and polymyxin B. Conclusion: The co-infection with M. hominis and P. aeruginosa was successfully treated with anti-infective agents despite delayed treatment, providing information for the management of double infection.

Catheter-related infections caused by Mycobacterium abscessus in a patient with motor neurone disease: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) is a rapidly growing mycobacterium and ubiquitous in the environment, which infrequently causes disease in humans. However, it can cause cutaneous or respiratory infections among immunocompromised hosts. Due to the resistance to most antibiotics, the pathogen is formidable and difficult-to-treat. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we present a case of catheter-related M. abscessus infections in a patient with motor neurone disease. Catheter and peripheral blood cultures of the patient showed positive results during Gram staining and acid-fast staining. The alarm time of catheter blood culture was 10.6 h earlier than that of peripheral blood. After removal of the peripherally inserted central catheter, secretion and catheter blood culture were positive. M. abscessus was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing. CONCLUSION: For catheter-related M. abscessus infection, rapid diagnosis and timely and adequate antimicrobial therapy are crucial.