ABSTRACT
Resumen El schwannoma melanótico (SM) es una variante rara e infrecuente caracterizada por el depósito citoplasmáti co de melanosomas (melanina). A diferencia de las otras variantes de schwannomas, tienen capacidad de malig nización. Por poseer características y comportamiento distintos al resto de los schwannomas, fue reclasificado como "tumor maligno melanocítico de la vaina neural" en la 5ta edición de la clasificación de los tumores del sis tema nervioso central de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en 2021. Presentamos dos casos de SM de ubicación mediastinal en los que se realizó una resección quirúrgi ca completa.
Abstract Melanotic schwannoma (MS) is a rare and infrequent subtype of schwannoma characterized by cytoplasmic deposits of melanosomes (melanin). Unlike the other schwannomas, it could have malignant transforma tion. Due to distinctive characteristics and atypical behavior from classic schwannomas subtypes, MS were renamed and reclassified as "melanocytic malignant neural sheath tumor" in the 5th ed. of the World Health Organization's classification of central nervous system tumors in 2021. We present two cases of MS that under went complete surgical resection.
ABSTRACT
Melanotic schwannoma (MS) is a rare and infrequent subtype of schwannoma characterized by cytoplasmic deposits of melanosomes (melanin). Unlike the other schwannomas, it could have malignant transformation. Due to distinctive characteristics and atypical behavior from classic schwannomas subtypes, MS were renamed and reclassified as "melanocytic malignant neural sheath tumor" in the 5th ed. of the World Health Organization's classification of central nervous system tumors in 2021. We present two cases of MS that underwent complete surgical resection.
El schwannoma melanótico (SM) es una variante rara e infrecuente caracterizada por el depósito citoplasmático de melanosomas (melanina). A diferencia de las otras variantes de schwannomas, tienen capacidad de malignización. Por poseer características y comportamiento distintos al resto de los schwannomas, fue reclasificado como "tumor maligno melanocítico de la vaina neural" en la 5ta edición de la clasificación de los tumores del sistema nervioso central de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en 2021. Presentamos dos casos de SM de ubicación mediastinal en los que se realizó una resección quirúrgica completa.
Subject(s)
Mediastinal Neoplasms , Neurilemmoma , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology , Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Nerve Sheath Neoplasms/pathology , Nerve Sheath Neoplasms/surgery , Nerve Sheath Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Neurilemmoma/diagnostic imaging , Neurilemmoma/surgeryABSTRACT
Clear cell "sugar" tumor of the lung is a rare benign tumor arising from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). They belong to a group of mesenchymal neoplasms called PEComas. Although widely presumed as benign, due to their rich vascular stroma they are usually avid for the different types of contrast agents used in imaging studies, mimicking a malignant lesion. We report the case of a 66-year-old man in whom a solitary pulmonary nodule was discovered during oncological staging for an adenocarcinoma of the prostate who underwent an anatomical pulmonary segmentectomy. The final pathology result was a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (pulmonary PEComa or clear "sugar" cell tumor).
Los tumores de células claras "de azúcar" (CCTL) son lesiones benignas muy infrecuentes. Forman parte de un grupo de neoplasias mesenquimales denominadas PEComas que se originan de las células epiteloides perivasculares. Por su rico estroma vascular, suelen tener avidez por los distintos tipos de contrastes utilizados en los estudios de diagnóstico por imágenes, simulando lesiones de estirpe maligna. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 66 años con hallazgo de un nódulo pulmonar durante la estadificación oncológica por adenocarcinoma de próstata al que se le realizó una segmentectomía pulmonar anatómica. El resultado definitivo de anatomía patológica fue tumor de células epiteloides perivasculares (PEComa pulmonar o tumor de células claras "de azúcar").
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Lung Neoplasms , Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms , Male , Humans , Aged , Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms/surgery , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Adenocarcinoma/surgeryABSTRACT
Resumen Los tumores de células claras "de azúcar" (CCTL) son lesiones benignas muy infrecuentes. Forman parte de un grupo de neoplasias mesenquimales denominadas PEComas que se originan de las células epiteloides perivasculares. Por su rico estroma vascular, suelen tener avidez por los distintos tipos de contrastes utilizados en los estudios de diagnóstico por imágenes, simulando lesiones de estirpe maligna. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 66 años con hallazgo de un nódulo pulmonar durante la estadificación oncológica por adenocarcinoma de próstata al que se le realizó una segmentectomía pulmonar anatómica. El resultado definitivo de anatomía patológica fue tumor de células epiteloides perivasculares (PEComa pulmonar o tumor de células claras "de azúcar").
Abstract Clear cell ''sugar'' tumor of the lung is a rare benign tumor arising from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). They belong to a group of mesenchymal neoplasms called PEComas. Although widely presumed as benign, due to their rich vascular stroma they are usually avid for the different types of contrast agents used in imaging studies, mimicking a malignant lesion. We report the case of a 66-year-old man in whom a solitary pul monary nodule was discovered during oncological staging for an adenocarcinoma of the prostate who underwent an anatomical pulmonary segmentectomy. The final pathology result was a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (pulmonary PEComa or clear "sugar" cell tumor).
ABSTRACT
Resumen Las neoplasias epiteliales del timo (NET) son tumores infrecuentes. El manejo inicial de las mismas se basa en el análisis de la resecabilidad del tumor en los estudios por imágenes, siendo la resección completa el tratamiento estándar para cualquier estadio. El objetivo principal fue evaluar la supervivencia global y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad de los pacientes con diagnóstico de NET sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico. El objetivo secundario fue comparar la supervivencia global de acuerdo al tipo de resección quirúrgica, el estadio de Masaoka-Koga y subtipo histológico. Estudio observacional descriptivo realizado en el Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires desde 2004 a 2020. Se incluyeron 42 pacientes operados de tumores en mediastino anterior con diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo de NET. Treinta y nueve eran timomas y 3 carcinomas tímicos. La cirugía realizada en todos los pacientes fue una timectomia total. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 63.5 meses (RIQ 32-97.5). La supervivencia global estimada a los cinco y diez años fue del 87% (95% IC, 0.69-0.95) y 78% (95% IC, 0.5-0.92), respectivamente. La supervivencia libre de enfermedad estimada a cinco y diez años fue del 90% (95% IC, 0.74-0.96). Los pacientes a los que se le realizó una resección completa y que tenían estadios tem pranos de Masaoka-Koga presentaron una supervivencia global superior en comparación con las resecciones incompletas y estadios avanzados (p = 0.0097 y p = 0.0028, respectivamente). Al contar con un bajo número de pacientes en el grupo de carcinomas tímicos, no pudimos sacar conclusiones en cuanto a supervivencia entre éstos y los timomas.
Abstract Thymic epithelial tumors are a group of rare neoplasms of the mediastinum. When resectable, complete resection is considered the gold standard for any stage. The primary endpoint was to evaluate overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with thymus epithelial tumors who underwent surgical treatment. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate and compare the overall survival according to: resection type (complete vs. incomplete), Masaoka-Koga stage and tumor histology according to WHO classification. This is a descriptive observational study from January 2004 to December 2020, in which 42 patients with a postoperative histopathological diagnosis of thymic epithelial tumours were included. Thirty-nine were thymomas (92.9%) and 3 were thymic carcinomas (7.1%). In all patients a total thymectomy was performed. The median follow-up was 63.5 months (IQR 32-97.5). The estimated overall survival at five and ten years was 87% (95% CI, 0.69-0.95) and 78% (95% CI, 0.5-0.92), respectively. Estimated disease-free survival at five and ten years was 90% (95% CI, 0.74-0.96). Patients who underwent complete resection and with early Masaoka-Koga stages had superior overall survival compared to incomplete resections and advanced Masaoka-Koga stages (p = 0.0097 and p = 0.0028, respectively). We found no differences in terms of survival between histological subtypes due to a low number of patients in the thymic carcinoma group.
ABSTRACT
Thymic epithelial tumors are a group of rare neoplasms of the mediastinum. When resectable, complete resection is considered the gold standard for any stage. The primary endpoint was to evaluate overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with thymus epithelial tumors who underwent surgical treatment. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate and compare the overall survival according to: resection type (complete vs. incomplete), Masaoka-Koga stage and tumor histology according to WHO classification. This is a descriptive observational study from January 2004 to December 2020, in which 42 patients with a postoperative histopathological diagnosis of thymic epithelial tumours were included. Thirty-nine were thymomas (92.9%) and 3 were thymic carcinomas (7.1%). In all patients a total thymectomy was performed. The median follow-up was 63.5 months (IQR 32-97.5). The estimated overall survival at five and ten years was 87% (95% CI, 0.69-0.95) and 78% (95% CI, 0.5-0.92), respectively. Estimated diseasefree survival at five and ten years was 90% (95% CI, 0.74-0.96). Patients who underwent complete resection and with early Masaoka-Koga stages had superior overall survival compared to incomplete resections and advanced Masaoka-Koga stages (p = 0.0097 and p = 0.0028, respectively). We found no differences in terms of survival between histological subtypes due to a low number of patients in the thymic carcinoma group.
Las neoplasias epiteliales del timo (NET) son tumores infrecuentes. El manejo inicial de las mismas se basa en el análisis de la resecabilidad del tumor en los estudios por imágenes, siendo la resección completa el tratamiento estándar para cualquier estadio. El objetivo principal fue evaluar la supervivencia global y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad de los pacientes con diagnóstico de NET sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico. El objetivo secundario fue comparar la supervivencia global de acuerdo al tipo de resección quirúrgica, el estadio de Masaoka-Koga y subtipo histológico. Estudio observacional descriptivo realizado en el Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires desde 2004 a 2020. Se incluyeron 42 pacientes operados de tumores en mediastino anterior con diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo de NET. Treinta y nueve eran timomas y 3 carcinomas tímicos. La cirugía realizada en todos los pacientes fue una timectomia total. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 63.5 meses (RIQ 32-97.5). La supervivencia global estimada a los cinco y diez años fue del 87% (95% IC, 0.69-0.95) y 78% (95% IC, 0.5-0.92), respectivamente. La supervivencia libre de enfermedad estimada a cinco y diez años fue del 90% (95% IC, 0.74-0.96). Los pacientes a los que se le realizó una resección completa y que tenían estadios tempranos de Masaoka-Koga presentaron una supervivencia global superior en comparación con las resecciones incompletas y estadios avanzados (p = 0.0097 y p = 0.0028, respectivamente). Al contar con un bajo número de pacientes en el grupo de carcinomas tímicos, no pudimos sacar conclusiones en cuanto a supervivencia entre éstos y los timomas.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial , Thymoma , Thymus Neoplasms , Humans , Neoplasm Staging , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Thymoma/surgery , Thymus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thymus Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Mediastinal nodal staging in lung cancer is essential to determine treatment strategy and prognosis. There are controversies as to whether a mediastinal negative result in PET-CT may spare the invasive staging of the mediastinum. The main endpoint is to evaluate the negative predictive value (NPV) of PET-CT in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) clinical stage IB-IIA without clinical nodal involvement. The secondary endpoint is to evaluate the prevalence of mediastinal and hilar nodal affection in this population. METHODS: We performed an observational descriptive study from January 2010 to January 2020, including 76 patients with clinical stage IB-IIA, who underwent pulmonary resection with systematic nodal sampling (pre-determined lymph node stations based on tumour location) for primary NSCLC. Clinically, nodal involvement was defined as any lymph node greater than 1 cm in the short axis on a CT or with metabolic uptake greater than 2.5 SUV on PET-CT. The prevalence of nodal metastases was recorded. RESULTS: Fifty six patients had clinical stage IB and 20 had clinical stage IIA. Mean tumour size was 3.74 ± 0.5 cm. Lobectomy was the resection procedure most frequently performed. Of the 76 patients with clinical N0 by PET-CT who underwent surgical resection, 10 (13.1%) were upstaged to pN1 and none were upstaged to pN2. NPV of PET-CT for overall nodal metastasis was 87% (95% CI: 0.79-0.94). NPV of PET-CT for N2 metastasis was 100%. CONCLUSION: PET-CT might be an alternative to invasive mediastinal staging in patients with NSCLC clinical stage IB-IIA who are surgical candidates. Further prospective multi-institutional studies are necessary to verify the external validity of our study.
ABSTRACT
Primary soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) of the chest wall are uncommon. Complete surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment being sternal resection ocassionally required. We present a 25-year-old man with an anterior chest wall STS. The patient underwent complete oncological resection with reconstruction using titanium bars combined with a free vascularised anterolateral thigh flap. STSs of the chest wall are very rare and they comprise a surgical challenge for both resection and reconstruction.
Subject(s)
Plastic Surgery Procedures , Sarcoma , Thoracic Wall , Adult , Humans , Male , Sarcoma/surgery , Thigh/surgery , Thoracic Wall/surgery , TitaniumABSTRACT
Resumen El síndrome del opérculo torácico se refiere a una serie de signos y síntomas que se producen por la compresión del paquete vásculo-nervioso en la unión costo-clavicular. El síndrome de Paget-Schroetter (SPS) se define como la trombosis primaria, espontánea o de esfuerzo de la vena subclavia. Las vías de abordaje quirúrgicas tradicionales utilizadas para descomprimir el opérculo torácico son la trans axilar y las claviculares (supra e infra). El objetivo del estudio fue describir nuestra experiencia en la resección de la primera costilla por videotoracoscopía (VATS). Este es un estudio descriptivo observacional utilizando una base de datos prospectiva con análisis retrospectivo desde enero de 2017 a marzo de 2020. Se incluyeron 9 pacientes con diagnóstico de SPS en los que se resecó la primera costilla por VATS. En un paciente el procedimiento fue bilateral por presentar trombosis espontánea en ambas venas subclavias. De los 9, 6 eran mujeres. La edad media fue de 30.7 ± 10.7 años. La estadía hospitalaria media fue de 3.1 ± 0.5 días. Uno fue re-operado por hemotórax. No se detectaron recurrencias en el seguimiento a mediano-largo plazo. La resección de la primera costilla por VATS es un procedimiento seguro y factible. La misma, a diferencia de los abordajes tradicionales, puede ser resecada bajo visión directa de todos los elementos del opérculo torácico. Sin embargo, esta técnica requiere un manejo avanzado en cirugía toracoscópica.
Abstract Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) refers to a number of signs and symptoms that arise from compression of the neurovascular bundle at the costoclavicular junction. Paget-Schroetter syndrome is defined as the primary, spontaneous or effort thrombosis of the subclavian vein. The supraclavicular and trans-axillary approaches are currently the most commonly used for first rib resection. The aim of this article was to describe our experience in a minimally invasive approach (VATS) of first rib resection for primary venous thoracic outlet and the associated outcomes. This is a descriptive observational study using a retrospective analysis of a prospective database from January 2017 to March 2020. Nine patients underwent video thoracoscopic first rib resection due to PagetSchroetter syndrome (one bilateral procedure). Ten thoracoscopic first rib resections were performed. There were 6 female and 3 male patients, with a mean age of 30.7 ± 10.7 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.1 ± 0.5 days. No complications were recorded intraoperatively. One patient had to be re-operated because of hemothorax. There were no recurrences in a follow-up of at least 12 months. VATS resection of the first rib is a safe and feasible procedure and can be performed under direct vision of thoracic outlet elements. However, the technique requires experience with thoracoscopic surgery. The outcomes associated with our technique are comparable with the outcomes related to other current standards of care.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis/surgery , Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Ribs/surgery , Ribs/diagnostic imaging , Thoracoscopy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Resumen La hiperhidrosis es un trastorno caracterizado por la producción excesiva de sudor por las glándulas sudoríparas ecrinas que influye negativamente en las actividades sociales, laborales y fundamentalmente en la calidad de vida. Se divide en primaria o secundaria. La primaria es una enfermedad benigna caracterizada por una excesiva sudoración con mayor frecuencia en palmas, plantas, axilas y cara. Su incidencia es del 1% de la población y su causa es desconocida. La mayoría de los tratamientos médicos no logran un buen control sintomático y frecuentemente son transitorios. La simpaticotomía torácica bilateral videoasistida se ha vuelto el tratamiento de elección en pacientes muy sintomáticos. En el período de 1998 a 2018 se realizaron 174 simpaticotomias bilaterales videoasistidas por hiperhidrosis primaria, de las cuales 102 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se excluyeron a 72 pacientes. El 20.5% fueron hombres y el 79.5% mujeres con una edad media de 29.22 años. En cuanto a la localización fue palmoplantar axilar en un 50.9%, axilar en un 23.5%, palmoplantar en un 10.7%, palmar en un 7.8%, palmoaxilar 6.8% y facial 5.8%. Los pacientes con sudoración palmar presentaron 94.9% de mejoría, axilar 84.51%, plantar 46.25% y facial 84% respectivamente. El post operatorio arrojó una media de internación de 1.1 días. Como efecto no deseado, se presentó sudoración compensatoria en 53 casos y complicaciones postoperatorias en 18 casos. Concluimos que es una técnica segura, que resuelve de manera significativa la sudoración, mejorando la calidad de vida.
Abstract Hyperhidrosis is a disorder consisting of excessive sweating through the different body sweat glands, which produces a negative impact socially and in work-related activities in those that suffer this condition. There are primary and secondary forms. The primary form is a benign condition with excessive sweating mainly in palms, soles of feet, axillae and face. It affects a 1% of the population, and its cause is unknown. Most medical treatments are unsuccessful, and at best, transitory. In patients who are very troubled by the condition, videoassisted bilateral thoracic sympathicotomy has become the elective treatment. In the period ranging from 1998 to 2018, 174 procedures were undertaken for primary hyperhidrosis, of which 102 satisfied the inclusion criteria. 72 patients were excluded. A 20.5% were males, and 79.5% were females, with an average age of 29.22 years at surgery. As to localization of sweating, a 50.9% was palmar-plantar-axillary, 23.5% axillary, 10.7% palmarplantar, 7.8% palmar, 6.8% palmar-axillary, and a 5.8% facial. Those patients with palmar sweating showed a 94.9% improvement, those with axillary sweating a 88.51%, with plantar a 46.25% and those with facial sweating a 84% improvement. The average admission time was 1.1 days. As an undesired effect, compensatory sweating occurred in 53 cases and postoperative complications in 18 cases. We conclude this is a safe technique, that diminishes sweating significantly, improving patient's quality of life.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Quality of Life , Hyperhidrosis/surgery , Sympathectomy , Treatment Outcome , Thoracic Surgery, Video-AssistedABSTRACT
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) refers to a number of signs and symptoms that arise from compression of the neurovascular bundle at the costoclavicular junction. Paget-Schroetter syndrome is defined as the primary, spontaneous or effort thrombosis of the subclavian vein. The supraclavicular and trans-axillary approaches are currently the most commonly used for first rib resection. The aim of this article was to describe our experience in a minimally invasive approach (VATS) of first rib resection for primary venous thoracic outlet and the associated outcomes. This is a descriptive observational study using a retrospective analysis of a prospective database from January 2017 to March 2020. Nine patients underwent video thoracoscopic first rib resection due to Paget- Schroetter syndrome (one bilateral procedure). Ten thoracoscopic first rib resections were performed. There were 6 female and 3 male patients, with a mean age of 30.7 ± 10.7 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.1 ± 0.5 days. No complications were recorded intraoperatively. One patient had to be re-operated because of hemothorax. There were no recurrences in a follow-up of at least 12 months. VATS resection of the first rib is a safe and feasible procedure and can be performed under direct vision of thoracic outlet elements. However, the technique requires experience with thoracoscopic surgery. The outcomes associated with our technique are comparable with the outcomes related to other current standards of care.
El síndrome del opérculo torácico se refiere a una serie de signos y síntomas que se producen por la compresión del paquete vásculo-nervioso en la unión costo-clavicular. El síndrome de Paget- Schroetter (SPS) se define como la trombosis primaria, espontánea o de esfuerzo de la vena subclavia. Las vías de abordaje quirúrgicas tradicionales utilizadas para descomprimir el opérculo torácico son la trans axilar y las claviculares (supra e infra). El objetivo del estudio fue describir nuestra experiencia en la resección de la primera costilla por videotoracoscopía (VATS). Este es un estudio descriptivo observacional utilizando una base de datos prospectiva con análisis retrospectivo desde enero de 2017 a marzo de 2020. Se incluyeron 9 pacientes con diagnóstico de SPS en los que se resecó la primera costilla por VATS. En un paciente el procedimiento fue bilateral por presentar trombosis espontánea en ambas venas subclavias. De los 9, 6 eran mujeres. La edad media fue de 30.7 ± 10.7 años. La estadía hospitalaria media fue de 3.1 ± 0.5 días. Uno fue re-operado por hemotórax. No se detectaron recurrencias en el seguimiento a mediano-largo plazo. La resección de la primera costilla por VATS es un procedimiento seguro y factible. La misma, a diferencia de los abordajes tradicionales, puede ser resecada bajo visión directa de todos los elementos del opérculo torácico. Sin embargo, esta técnica requiere un manejo avanzado en cirugía toracoscópica.
Subject(s)
Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Ribs/diagnostic imaging , Ribs/surgery , Thoracoscopy , Treatment Outcome , Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis/surgery , Young AdultABSTRACT
Hyperhidrosis is a disorder consisting of excessive sweating through the different body sweat glands, which produces a negative impact socially and in work-related activities in those that suffer this condition. There are primary and secondary forms. The primary form is a benign condition with excessive sweating mainly in palms, soles of feet, axillae and face. It affects a 1% of the population, and its cause is unknown. Most medical treatments are unsuccessful, and at best, transitory. In patients who are very troubled by the condition, videoassisted bilateral thoracic sympathicotomy has become the elective treatment. In the period ranging from 1998 to 2018, 174 procedures were undertaken for primary hyperhidrosis, of which 102 satisfied the inclusion criteria. 72 patients were excluded. A 20.5% were males, and 79.5% were females, with an average age of 29.22 years at surgery. As to localization of sweating, a 50.9% was palmar-plantar-axillary, 23.5% axillary, 10.7% palmarplantar, 7.8% palmar, 6.8% palmar-axillary, and a 5.8% facial. Those patients with palmar sweating showed a 94.9% improvement, those with axillary sweating a 88.51%, with plantar a 46.25% and those with facial sweating a 84% improvement. The average admission time was 1.1 days. As an undesired effect, compensatory sweating occurred in 53 cases and postoperative complications in 18 cases. We conclude this is a safe technique, that diminishes sweating significantly, improving patient's quality of life.
La hiperhidrosis es un trastorno caracterizado por la producción excesiva de sudor por las glándulas sudoríparas ecrinas que influye negativamente en las actividades sociales, laborales y fundamentalmente en la calidad de vida. Se divide en primaria o secundaria. La primaria es una enfermedad benigna caracterizada por una excesiva sudoración con mayor frecuencia en palmas, plantas, axilas y cara. Su incidencia es del 1% de la población y su causa es desconocida. La mayoría de los tratamientos médicos no logran un buen control sintomático y frecuentemente son transitorios. La simpaticotomía torácica bilateral videoasistida se ha vuelto el tratamiento de elección en pacientes muy sintomáticos. En el período de 1998 a 2018 se realizaron 174 impaticotomias bilaterales videoasistidas por hiperhidrosis primaria, de las cuales 102 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se excluyeron a 72 pacientes. El 20.5% fueron hombres y el 79.5% mujeres con una edad media de 29.22 años. En cuanto a la localización fue palmoplantar axilar en un 50.9%, axilar en un 23.5%, palmoplantar en un 10.7%, palmar en un 7.8%, palmoaxilar 6.8% y facial 5.8%. Los pacientes con sudoración palmar presentaron 94.9% de mejoría, axilar 84.51%, plantar 46.25% y facial 84% respectivamente. El post operatorio arrojó una media de internación de 1.1 días. Como efecto no deseado, se presentó sudoración compensatoria en 53 casos y complicaciones postoperatorias en 18 casos. Concluimos que es una técnica segura, que resuelve de manera significativa la sudoración, mejorando la calidad de vida.
Subject(s)
Hyperhidrosis , Quality of Life , Adult , Female , Humans , Hyperhidrosis/surgery , Male , Sympathectomy , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Long-term survival of patients who undergo surgical resection of isolated adrenal metastasis instead of nonsurgical treatment has shown higher values than those described for stage IVA. The primary endpoint was to evaluate overall survival (OS) of patients with single adrenal metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who underwent surgical treatment. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate and compare the OS and disease-free survival (DFS) according to: pathological lung tumour size, histology, lymph node involvement, type of metastasis at the time of diagnosis and laterality of the metastasis according to the primary lung tumour. METHODS: From August 2007 to March 2020, 13 patients with isolated adrenal gland metastasis were identified. We performed a descriptive observational study including patients with diagnosed single adrenal gland metastasis of resectable primary lung cancer and no history of other malignant disease. Clinical data obtained included patient demographics, metastases characteristics, laterality of the metastasis, time between surgeries, length of follow-up, survival status, pathological lung tumour size, histology and lymph node involvement. The variables analysed were OS and DFS. RESULTS: Median global OS was 31.9 months (interquartile range (IQR), 19.1-51.4). The 2- and 5-year OS estimated was 54% (95% CI: 29.5%-77.4%) and 36% (95% CI: 13.4%-68.1%), respectively. In patients with NSCLC without mediastinal lymph node involvement, we obtain a median OS of 40 months (IQR, 27.4-51.4) and a 2- and 5-year OS estimated of 75% (95% CI: 43.2%-92.2%) and 50% (95% CI: 18.7%-81.2%), respectively. Recurrence was detected in five patients with a median DFS of 11.9 months (IQR, 6-34.2). CONCLUSION: The resection of the adrenal metastasis should be considered if the primary lung cancer is resectable. Presence of mediastinal lymph node involvement should be ruled out through invasive staging of the mediastinum before performing adrenal and lung surgery. Proper selection of patients who would benefit from surgery is essential to obtain better survival results.
ABSTRACT
Thymic carcinomas are extremely infrequent neoplasms (15% of all thymic epithelial tumors). Basaloid carcinoma is a peculiar tumor that represents no more than 2% of those infrequent thymic carcinomas. Surgical excision is the recommended treatment. As it's extremely rare, there is no evidence of the impact of different modalities of treatment. There are no reported cases that did not include surgery as part of their management. We herein present a case of an unresectable thymic basaloid carcinoma treated only with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy that obtained a complete remission and free of disease after 2 years.
Subject(s)
Chemoradiotherapy/methods , Thymoma/diagnosis , Thymus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Remission Induction , Thymoma/therapy , Thymus Neoplasms/therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
He leído en el Nro. 2 de la RAMR 2014 "Diagnóstico de secuestro pulmonar mediante tomografía computada" de los Dres Gabriela Tabaj, Eduardo Giugno y Josefina López Moras, siendo muy claro y gráfico, ya que como se describe en el mismo, se trata de un segmento de parénquima pulmonar sin comunicación con el árbol bronquial y aporte sanguíneo de una arteria sistémica, demostrada en esta situación
Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities , Bronchopulmonary SequestrationABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La estadificación del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas (CPCNP) es esencial para definir el tratamiento, siendo primordial la afección ganglionar mediastinica (N2). Objetivo: Determinar incidencia de afección insospechada N2 (estadio clínico IA, subdivisión vigente en T1a y T1b, localización lobar y supervivencia) Lugar de Aplicación: Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires Diseño: Cohorte, retrospectivo Población: Pacientes operados entre 2000 y 2010 con intención curativa (estadio clínico IA y diagnóstico final de CPNCP). Método: Evaluación de N2 insospechado (informe anátomo-patológico), correlación con tamaño tumoral (hasta 2 cm, entre 2 y 3 cm), localización, sexo, edad, histología y tabaquismo. Medidas de evaluación: test t de Student, Chi cuadrado y Fisher. Resultados: Intervenidos 115 pacientes. Tamaño del nódulo: 17.4 mm (6-30), 57.3% hasta 20 mm (T1a) y 42.7% mayores a 20 mm (T1b). Hombres: 54.7%. Edad promedio 61 años (44-85). Histología predominante: adenocarcinoma (82.6%). Se realizó lobectomia en 101 pacientes (87.8%). Compromiso insospechado N2 en 9 pacientes (7.8%). Subdivididos, 3 fueron T1a (4.5% de este subgrupo) y 6 T1b (12.2%) (p=0.14). Todas las afecciones N2 se observaron en tumores de lóbulos superiores o medio (9/80, 11.2%) (p= 0.03). Ningún nódulo menor a 10 mm (18) mostró enfermedad N2. No se halló otra correlación con afectación inesperada de N2 (P=NS). Supervivencia a 5 años (T1a): 91% Conclusión: En pacientes con estadio clínico IA (T1a) el N2 insospechado es muy bajo (4.5%) y en este grupo la tasa de supervivencia a 5 años fue satisfactoria (91%). Nódulos subcentimétricos y/o localizados en lóbulos inferiores no presentaron compromiso N2.(AU)
Background: Accurate staging in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is essential to define the appropriate treatment, primary being the affection of mediastinal lymph node groups (N2). Objective: To determine the incidence of unexpected N2 compromise, according to the new subdivision of T1 tumors in T1a and T1b, and lobe tumor location, in patients with clinical stage IA. Setting: Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires Design: Restrospective, cohort Population: Patients operated on with curative intent, clinical Stage IA, with final histological diagnosis of NSCLC between 2000 and 2010. Methods: Incidence of unsuspected N2 disease was analyzed according to the tumor size (up to 20 mm, more than 20 to 30 mm), side, lobe location (upper and middle, lower lobes), sex, age, tumor type and smoking history. Outcome measures: Students t test, Chi square and Fisher. Results: 115 patients were included (men, 54.7%; mean age, 61 years, range 44-85). Average nodule size was 17.4 mm (6-30); 57.3% patients had nodules up to 20 mm (T1a) and 42.7% between 20 mm and 30 mm (T1b). Histology showed 82.6% adenocarcinoma. Lobectomy was performed in 101 patients (87.8%). Unsuspected N2 compromise was present in 9 (7.8%) patients. When divided into subgroups, 3 (4.5%) were T1a and 6 (12.2%) were T1b (p=0.14). All of the N2 were observed in tumors located in the upper or the middle lobes (9/80, 11.2%, p= 0.03). No nodules smaller than 10 mm showed N2 disease. The side, age, sex, tumor type and histology did not correlate with unsuspected N2 (p=NS). Conclusions: In patients with clinical stage IA with nodules up to 20 mm (T1a) the incidence of unsuspected N2 disease is very low (4.5%). The surgical resection, without invasive staging, achieves a satisfactory 5-year survival rate (91%) in this group of patients. Subcentimeter and lower lobe nodules showed no unsuspected N2 nodal metastastases.(AU)
ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: La estadificación del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas (CPCNP) es esencial para definir el tratamiento,siendo primordial la afección ganglionar mediastinica (N2).Objetivo: Determinar incidencia de afección insospechada N2 (estadio clínico IA, subdivisión vigente en T1a y T1b, localización lobar y supervivencia)Lugar de Aplicación: Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires Diseño: Cohorte, retrospectivo Población: Pacientes operados entre 2000 y 2010 con intención curativa (estadio clínico IA y diagnóstico final de CPNCP).Método: Evaluación de N2 insospechado (informe anátomo-patológico), correlación con tamaño tumoral (hasta 2 cm, entre 2 y 3 cm), localización, sexo, edad, histología y tabaquismo.Medidas de evaluación: test de Student, Chi cuadrado y Fisher.Resultados: Intervenidos 115 pacientes. Tamaño del nódulo: 17.4 mm (6-30), 57.3% hasta 20 mm (T1a) y 42.7% mayores a20 mm (T1b). Hombres: 54.7%. Edad promedio 61 años (44-85). Histología predominante: adenocarcinoma (82.6%). Se realizó lobectomia en 101 pacientes (87.8%). Compromiso insospechado N2 en 9 pacientes (7.8%). Subdivididos, 3 fueron T1a (4.5% de este subgrupo) y 6 T1b (12.2%) (p=0.14). Todas las afecciones N2 se observaron en tumores de lóbulos superiores o medio(9/80, 11.2%) (p= 0.03). Ningún nódulo menor a 10 mm (18) mostró enfermedad N2. No se halló otra correlación con afectación inesperada de N2 (P=NS). Supervivencia a 5 años (T1a): 91%Conclusión: En pacientes con estadio clínico IA (T1a) el N2 insospechado es muy bajo (4.5%) y en este grupo la tasa de supervivencia a 5 años fue satisfactoria (91%). Nódulos subcentimétricos y/o localizados en lóbulos inferiores no presentaron compromiso N2.
Background: Accurate staging in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is essential to define the appropriate treatment, primarybeing the affection of mediastinal lymph node groups (N2).Objective: To determine the incidence of unexpected N2 compromise, according to the new subdivision of T1 tumors in T1a andT1b, and lobe tumor location, in patients with clinical stage IA.Setting: Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Británico de Buenos AiresDesign: Restrospective, cohortPopulation: Patients operated on with curative intent, clinical Stage IA, with final histological diagnosis of NSCLC between 2000and 2010.Methods: Incidence of unsuspected N2 disease was analyzed according to the tumor size (up to 20 mm, more than 20 to 30 mm),side, lobe location (upper and middle, lower lobes), sex, age, tumor type and smoking history.Outcome measures: Students t test, Chi square and Fisher.Results: 115 patients were included (men, 54.7%; mean age, 61 years, range 44-85). Average nodule size was 17.4 mm (6-30);57.3% patients had nodules up to 20 mm (T1a) and 42.7% between 20 mm and 30 mm (T1b). Histology showed 82.6% adenocarcinoma.Lobectomy was performed in 101 patients (87.8%). Unsuspected N2 compromise was present in 9 (7.8%) patients. Whendivided into subgroups, 3 (4.5%) were T1a and 6 (12.2%) were T1b (p=0.14). All of the N2 were observed in tumors located in theupper or the middle lobes (9/80, 11.2%, p= 0.03). No nodules smaller than 10 mm showed N2 disease. The side, age, sex, tumortype and histology did not correlate with unsuspected N2 (p=NS).Conclusions: In patients with clinical stage IA with nodules up to 20 mm (T1a) the incidence of unsuspected N2 disease is very low(4.5%). The surgical resection, without invasive staging, achieves a satisfactory 5-year survival rate (91%) in this group of patients.Subcentimeter and lower lobe nodules showed no unsuspected N2 nodal metastastases.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Lung , Neoplasms , General SurgeryABSTRACT
Antecedentes: Existen múltiples técnicas de esofagectomía mini-invasiva (EMI). Su gran heterogeneidad hace que los meta análisis no den resultados concluyentes y que se requieran series con técnicas estandarizadas. Existen pocas experiencias publicadas de esofagectomías subtotales con anastomosis intratará cicas realizadas totalmente por vía mini-invasiva. No existen publicaciones de EMI en nuestro país. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados iniciales de una serie consecutiva de EMI con anastomosis intratorácica. Lugar de aplicación: Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires. Diseño: Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Población: 34 pacientes operados de esofagectomías totalmente mini-invasivas de 2009 a 2011, con más de 6 meses de seguimiento. Método: Se excluyeron los casos híbridos (abordajes combinados mini-invasivos y convencionales). Se evalúa una serie inicial de EMI, analizando las subtotales con anastomosis intratorácicas realizadas por abordaje totalmente laparoscópico y toracoscópico. Resultados: De las 34 EMI, 26 fueron con anastomosis intratorácica. No hubo conversiones. El promedio de ganglios resecados fue de 26,1. La morbilidad total fue del 38,2%, de las cuales la morbilidad mayor en subtotales fue del 19,2%. Se registró una mortalidad (2,9%) debida a hemorragia post colocación de stent endoscópico. El 85% de los pacientes presentó sobrevida libre de enfermedad, con seguimiento de 21 meses. No hubo recidivas locales ni implantes tumorales en sitio de trocares. Conclusiones: La EMI con anastomosis intratorácica es una técnica segura en recuperación y morbilidad posoperatoria. Permite manejo tipo fast track con tiempos cortos de internación. Este abordaje posibilitó linfadenectomías radicales con bajo impacto respiratorio.(AU)
Background: múltiple techniques of esophagectomy are mini-invasive (MIE). Its great heterogeneity makes the meta-analyses do not give conclusive results and series with standardized techniques may be required. There are few published experiences of esophagectomies subtotals with anastomosis performed entirely by the via mini-invasive intrathoracics. There are no publications of MIE in our country. Objective: To evalúate the initial results of a consecutive series of MIE with intrathoracic anastomosis. Setting: Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires. Design: retrospective observational study Population: 34 esophagectomies-operated patients completely mini-invasive from 2009 to 2011, with more than 6 months of follow-up. Method: the hybrid cases (combined approaches mini-invasive and conventional) were excluded. An initial series of EMI with the subtotals intrathoracic anastomosis by totally laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approach was evaluated. Results: Of the 34 EMI, 26 were with intrathoracic anastomosis. There were no conversions. The average number of nodes resected was 26.1. Total morbidity was 38.2, of which higher subtotals morbidity was the 19.2. There was a (2.9) mortality due to bleeding post endoscopio stent placement. The 85 patients presented survival free of disease with followup of 21 months. There were no local recurrences or implants in trocar site. Conclusions: The EMI with intrathoracic anastomosis is a safe technique with advantages in recovery and post-operative morbidity. It allows type fast track with short hospital stay times. This approach enabled radical lymphadenectomy with low respiratory impact.(AU)