The Potential Role of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in Breast Cancer Treatment.

Breast cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers worldwide, with an incidence of 47.8%. Its treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and antibodies giving a mortality of 13.6%. Breast tumor development is driven by a variety of signaling pathways with high heterogeneity of surface receptors, which makes treatment difficult. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a natural polyphenol isolated as the main component in green tea; it has shown multiple beneficial effects in breast cancer, controlling proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, inflammation, and demethylation of DNA. These properties were proved in vitro and in vivo together with synergistic effects in combination with traditional chemotherapy, increasing the effectiveness of the treatment. This review focuses on the effects of EGCG on the functional capabilities acquired by breast tumor cells during its multistep development, the molecular and signal pathways involved, the synergistic effects in combination with current drugs, and how nanomaterials can improve its bioavailability on breast cancer treatment.

The potential role of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in breast cancer treatment

Breast cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers worldwide, with an incidence of 47.8%. Its treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and antibodies giving a mortality of 13.6%. Breast tumor development is driven by a variety of signaling pathways with high heterogeneity of surface receptors, which makes treatment difficult. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a natural polyphenol isolated as the main component in green tea; it has shown multiple beneficial effects in breast cancer, controlling proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, inflammation, and demethylation of DNA. These properties were proved in vitro and in vivo together with synergistic effects in combination with traditional chemotherapy, increasing the effectiveness of the treatment. This review focuses on the effects of EGCG on the functional capabilities acquired by breast tumor cells during its multistep development, the molecular and signal pathways involved, the synergistic effects in combination with current drugs, and how nanomaterials can improve its bioavailability on breast cancer treatment.

Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: Evaluation of platelets, hemoglobin and vitamin B12.

Currently, the most likely hypotheses as the cause of Alzheimer's disease are deposition of amyloid beta peptide in the cerebral cortex and hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is based on the exclusion of other diseases, behavioral assessments, and blood and imaging tests. Biotechnology has created interesting perspectives for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease through blood analysis, with special attention to platelets, hemoglobin and vitamin B12. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the concentrations of platelets, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 in the blood of older adults with and without dementia of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: A case-control study involving 120 individuals was conducted, seeking to establish a correlation between changes in platelet, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 concentrations in patients with confirmed AD and in individuals in the inclusion group without AD. The study met the established ethical requirements. RESULTS: Hemoglobin and platelet levels were statistically lower in patients with AD. The biochemical evaluation in AD patient and healthy groups for vitamin B12 showed a decrease in the levels of this compound in patients with AD. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the feasibility of the use of blood biomarkers as predictive markers for the diagnosis of AD.

Atualmente, as hipóteses mais prováveis como causa da doença de Alzheimer são a deposição do peptídeo beta amiloide no córtex cerebral e a hiperfosforilação da proteína Tau. O diagnóstico da doença de Alzheimer baseia-se na exclusão de outras doenças, avaliações comportamentais e exames de imagem e sangue. A biotecnologia criou perspectivas interessantes para a detecção precoce da doença de Alzheimer, pela análise sanguínea, com atenção especial às plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina B12. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as concentrações de plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina B12 no sangue de idosos com e sem demência de Alzheimer. MÉTODOS: O estudo de caso-controle envolveu 120 indivíduos, buscando correlação entre mudanças nas concentrações de plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina B12 em pacientes com DA confirmada e indivíduos do grupo de inclusão, sem DA. RESULTADOS: Os níveis de hemoglobina e plaquetas são estatisticamente mais baixos em pacientes com DA. A avaliação bioquímica em pacientes com DA e grupos saudáveis para vitamina B12 mostrou uma diminuição nos níveis deste composto em pacientes com DA. CONCLUSÃO: Demonstramos a viabilidade do uso de biomarcadores sanguíneos como marcadores preditivos para o diagnóstico de DA.

Biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: Evaluation of platelets, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 / Biomarcadores na doença de alzheimer: avaliação de plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina b12

ABSTRACT Currently, the most likely hypotheses as the cause of Alzheimer's disease are deposition of amyloid beta peptide in the cerebral cortex and hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is based on the exclusion of other diseases, behavioral assessments, and blood and imaging tests. Biotechnology has created interesting perspectives for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease through blood analysis, with special attention to platelets, hemoglobin and vitamin B12. Objective: To evaluate the concentrations of platelets, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 in the blood of older adults with and without dementia of Alzheimer's disease. Methods: A case-control study involving 120 individuals was conducted, seeking to establish a correlation between changes in platelet, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 concentrations in patients with confirmed AD and in individuals in the inclusion group without AD. The study met the established ethical requirements. Results: Hemoglobin and platelet levels were statistically lower in patients with AD. The biochemical evaluation in AD patient and healthy groups for vitamin B12 showed a decrease in the levels of this compound in patients with AD. Conclusion: We demonstrated the feasibility of the use of blood biomarkers as predictive markers for the diagnosis of AD.

RESUMO Atualmente, as hipóteses mais prováveis como causa da doença de Alzheimer são a deposição do peptídeo beta amiloide no córtex cerebral e a hiperfosforilação da proteína Tau. O diagnóstico da doença de Alzheimer baseia-se na exclusão de outras doenças, avaliações comportamentais e exames de imagem e sangue. A biotecnologia criou perspectivas interessantes para a detecção precoce da doença de Alzheimer, pela análise sanguínea, com atenção especial às plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina B12. Objetivo: Avaliar as concentrações de plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina B12 no sangue de idosos com e sem demência de Alzheimer. Métodos: O estudo de caso-controle envolveu 120 indivíduos, buscando correlação entre mudanças nas concentrações de plaquetas, hemoglobina e vitamina B12 em pacientes com DA confirmada e indivíduos do grupo de inclusão, sem DA. Resultados: Os níveis de hemoglobina e plaquetas são estatisticamente mais baixos em pacientes com DA. A avaliação bioquímica em pacientes com DA e grupos saudáveis para vitamina B12 mostrou uma diminuição nos níveis deste composto em pacientes com DA. Conclusão: Demonstramos a viabilidade do uso de biomarcadores sanguíneos como marcadores preditivos para o diagnóstico de DA.

Salivary biomarkers in Alzheimer´s disease / Biomarcadores salivales en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

The hypotheses currently considered the most likely causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are amyloid beta peptide deposition in the cerebral cortex and hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein, with the consequent formation of neurofibrillary tangles. In clinical practice, although not accurate, AD diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other diseases, behavioural assessments and complementary examinations, such as imaging and blood tests. Advances in the field of biotechnology have created exciting prospects for the early detection of AD via biomarker assessment, which is considered a safer and more efficient procedure. Molecules recognised as biomarkers can be expressed in some body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid, saliva and blood. The presence of amyloid beta peptide and Tau can be confirmed in saliva, which is also an easily and non-invasively collectable material with an accessible cost. The objective was evaluate the concentrations of the t-Tau protein and Ab42 peptide in the saliva of elderly individuals with and without dementia of the AD type Method: The objective of this case-control study, involving a total of 120 individuals, was to analyse whether a correlation exists between variations in the concentrations of the t-Tau and Ab42 biomarkers in the saliva of patients with confirmed AD and individuals in the inclusion group but without AD . We found that t-Tau expression in AD patients is significantly lower than that in individuals without AD, whereas the salivary concentration of Ab42 is higher in patients with AD but not significantly different from that of the group without AD. Conclusion: Thus, we demonstrate the feasibility of using salivary biomarkers as predictive markers for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Las hipótesis consideradas actualmente como las causas más probables de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) son la deposición de péptido beta amiloide en la corteza cerebral y la hiperfosforilación de la proteína Tau, con la consiguiente formación de ovillos neurofibrilares. En la práctica clínica, aunque no es precisa, el diagnóstico de la EA se basa en la exclusión de otras enfermedades, evaluaciones de comportamiento y exámenes complementarios, como imágenes y análisis de sangre. Los avances en el campo de la biotecnología han creado interesantes perspectivas para la detección temprana de la EA a través de la evaluación de biomarcadores, que se considera un procedimiento más seguro y más eficiente. Las moléculas reconocidas como biomarcadores se pueden expresar en algunos fluidos corporales, incluidos el líquido cerebroespinal, la saliva y la sangre. La presencia del péptido beta amiloide (AB) y la proteína Tau (t-Tau) se puede confirmar en la saliva, que también es un material fácil y no invasivo de recolección con un costo accesible. El objetivo fue evaluar las concentraciones de la proteína t-Tau y el péptido Ab42 en la saliva de las personas de edad avanzada con y sin demencia del tipo de tipo EA. El estudio de casos y controles, se realizó en un total de 120 personas, para analizar si existe una correlación entre las variaciones en las concentraciones de los biomarcadores t-Tau y Ab42 en la saliva de pacientes con EA confirmada e individuos en el grupo de inclusión pero sin AD. Encontramos que la expresión de t-Tau en pacientes con EA es significativamente menor que en individuos sin EA, mientras que la concentración salival de Ab42 es mayor en pacientes con EA pero no significativamente diferente de la del grupo sin la enfermedad . Por lo tanto, se demuestra la viabilidad del uso de biomarcadores salivales como marcadores predictivos para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.

Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory action of curcumin analog (DM1): Effect on iNOS and COX-2 gene expression and autophagy pathways.

This work describes the anti-inflammatory effect of the curcumin-analog compound, sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate (DM1), and shows that DM1 modulates iNOS and COX-2 gene expression in cultured RAW 264.7 cells and induces autophagy on human melanoma cell line A375.

Curcumin analog DM-1 in monotherapy or combinatory treatment with dacarbazine as a strategy to inhibit in vivo melanoma progression.

Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with a high mortality rate if not discovered in early stages. Although a limited number of treatment options for melanoma currently exist, patients with a more aggressive form of this cancer frequently decline treatment. DM-1 is a sodium phenolate and curcumin analog with proven anticancer, anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties. In this paper, the DM-1 compound showed in vivo antitumor activity alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic DTIC in B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice. Beneficial effects such as melanoma tumor burden reduction with pyknotic nuclei, decreased nuclei/cytoplasmic ratio and nuclear degradation occurred after DM-1 treatment. No toxicological changes were observed in the liver, kidneys, spleen and lungs after DM-1 monotherapy or DTIC combined therapy. DTIC+DM-1 treatment induced the recovery of anemia arising from melanoma and immunomodulation. Both DM-1 treatment alone and in combination with DTIC induced apoptosis with the cleavage of caspase-3, -8 and -9. Furthermore, melanoma tumors treated with DM-1 showed a preferential apoptotic intrinsic pathway by decreasing Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Considering the chemoresistance exhibited by melanoma towards conventional chemotherapy drugs, DM-1 compound in monotherapy or in combination therapy provides a promising improvement in melanoma treatment with a reduction of side effects.

DM-1, sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate: a curcumin analog with a synergic effect in combination with paclitaxel in breast cancer treatment.

This paper describes a new method for the preparation of sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate, DM-1, and 3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl-bis (2-methoxy-phenolate), DM-2. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antitumor effects of DM-1 in adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment. Mice bearing mammary adenocarcinomas (Ehrlich ascites tumors) were treated with paclitaxel alone, DM-1 alone, and paclitaxel + DM-1. Tumor samples were used to perform cytological analysis by the Papanicolaou method and apoptosis analysis by annexin V and phosphorylated caspase 3. The paclitaxel + DM-1 group had decreased tumor areas and tumor volumes, and the frequency of metastasis was significantly reduced. This caused a decrease in cachexia, which is usually caused by the tumor. Furthermore, treatment with paclitaxel + DM-1 and DM-1 alone increased the occurrence of apoptosis up to 40% in tumor cells, which is 35% more than in the group treated with paclitaxel alone. This cell death was mainly caused through phosphorylated caspase 3 (11% increase in paclitaxel + DM-1 compared to the paclitaxel group), as confirmed by reduced malignancy criteria in the ascitic fluid. DM-1 emerges as a potential treatment for breast cancer and may act as an adjuvant in chemotherapy, enhancing antitumor drug activity with reduced side effects.

Influence of Rivastigmine transdermal on butyrylcholinesterase levels in patients with Alzheimers disease / A influência da rivastigmina transdérmica nos níveis de butirilcolinesterase em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer

Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is) are among the main drugs approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rivastigmine in the form of a transdermal patch is an alternative delivery method, and can give greater treatment compliance. Objectives: To conduct a preliminary assessment of the neurocognitive and biological effects of oral and transdermal Rivastigmine in patients with AD and to identify a potential biological marker and demonstrate a possible relationship between esterase levels and behavioral scores of AD patients. Methods: Forty patients with AD were treated with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is), evaluated using the MMSE and NPI, and simultaneously sampled to determine their serum levels of AChE and BuChE for 180 days. Results: The differences obtained between oral and transdermal forms, as assessed by the MMSE and NPI scores of the AD patients, were not significant at the three time points examined (0, 90, and 180 days). However, serum BuChE levels of the transdermal group differed significantly (p<0.0004) compared with those of the oral group at 90 days. Conclusion: Use of a transdermal ChE-I, rivastigmine tartrate significantly reduced BuChE levels in the AD patients studied.

Os inibidores das colinesterases estão entre as principais drogas aprovadas para tratamento da doença de Alzheimer (DA). Rivastigmina na forma de adesivo transdérmico é um método alternativo de liberação e pode fornecer uma maior aderância ao tratamento. Objetivos: Conduzir uma abordagem preliminar dos efeitos neurocognitivos e biológicos da rivastigmina oral e transdérmica em pacientes com DA e identificar um potencial marcador biológico e demonstrar uma possível relação entre níveis de esterases e escores de comportamento de pacientes com DA. Métodos: Quarenta pacientes com DA com inibidores de colinesterases foram avaliados usando o MEEM e o INP e colhidas amostras para determinar seus níveis séricos de AChE e BuChE por 180 dias. Resultados: As diferenças obtidas entre as formas oral e transdérmica, avaliadas pelo MEEM e INP não diferiram em três ocasiões (0, 90 e 180 dias). Todavia, os níveis de BuChE no grupo transdérmico diferiu significativamente (p<0.0004) comparados ao grupo de administração oral em 90 dias. Conclusão: O uso do tartarato de rivastigmina, forma transdérmica reduziu significativamente os níveis de BuChE nos pacientes estudados com DA.

DM-1, sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate: a curcumin analog with a synergic effect in combination with paclitaxel in breast cancer treatment

This paper describes a new method for the preparationof sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxopenta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate, DM-1, and 3-oxopenta-1,4-dienyl-bis (2-methoxy-phenolate), DM-2. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antitumor effects of DM-1 inadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment. Mice bearing mammary adenocarcinomas (Ehrlich ascites tumors) were treated with paclitaxel alone,DM-1 alone, and paclitaxel + DM-1. Tumor samples were used to perform cytological analysis by the Papanicolaou method and apoptosis analysis by annexin Vand phosphorylated caspase 3. The paclitaxel + DM-1 group had decreased tumor areas and tumor volumes,and the frequency of metastasis was significantly reduced.This caused a decrease in cachexia, which is usually causedby the tumor. Furthermore, treatment with paclitaxel + DM-1and DM-1 alone increased the occurrence of apoptosis up to40% in tumor cells, which is 35% more than in the grouptreated with paclitaxel alone. This cell death was mainly caused through phosphorylated caspase 3 (11% increase in paclitaxel + DM-1 compared to the paclitaxel group), asconfirmed by reduced malignancy criteria in the ascitic fluid.DM-1 emerges as a potential treatment for breast cancer and may act as an adjuvant in chemotherapy, enhancing antitumor drug activity with reduced side effects.

Influence of Rivastigmine transdermal on butyrylcholinesterase levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is) are among the main drugs approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rivastigmine in the form of a transdermal patch is an alternative delivery method, and can give greater treatment compliance. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a preliminary assessment of the neurocognitive and biological effects of oral and transdermal Rivastigmine in patients with AD and to identify a potential biological marker and demonstrate a possible relationship between esterase levels and behavioral scores of AD patients. METHODS: Forty patients with AD were treated with cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is), evaluated using the MMSE and NPI, and simultaneously sampled to determine their serum levels of AChE and BuChE for 180 days. RESULTS: The differences obtained between oral and transdermal forms, as assessed by the MMSE and NPI scores of the AD patients, were not significant at the three time points examined (0, 90, and 180 days). However, serum BuChE levels of the transdermal group differed significantly (p<0.0004) compared with those of the oral group at 90 days. CONCLUSION: Use of a transdermal ChE-I, rivastigmine tartrate significantly reduced BuChE levels in the AD patients studied.

Os inibidores das colinesterases estão entre as principais drogas aprovadas para tratamento da doença de Alzheimer (DA). Rivastigmina na forma de adesivo transdérmico é um método alternativo de liberação e pode fornecer uma maior aderância ao tratamento. OBJETIVOS: Conduzir uma abordagem preliminar dos efeitos neurocognitivos e biológicos da rivastigmina oral e transdérmica em pacientes com DA e identificar um potencial marcador biológico e demonstrar uma possível relação entre níveis de esterases e escores de comportamento de pacientes com DA. MÉTODOS: Quarenta pacientes com DA com inibidores de colinesterases foram avaliados usando o MEEM e o INP e colhidas amostras para determinar seus níveis séricos de AChE e BuChE por 180 dias. RESULTADOS: As diferenças obtidas entre as formas oral e transdérmica, avaliadas pelo MEEM e INP não diferiram em três ocasiões (0, 90 e 180 dias). Todavia, os níveis de BuChE no grupo transdérmico diferiu significativamente (p<0.0004) comparados ao grupo de administração oral em 90 dias. CONCLUSÃO: O uso do tartarato de rivastigmina, forma transdérmica reduziu significativamente os níveis de BuChE nos pacientes estudados com DA.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of synthetic 1,5-bis(4-acetoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadien-3-one, HB2.

This work describes the synthesis and anti-inflammatory properties of a pentadienone derivative, HB2. The treatment with HB2 produced anti-oedematogenic, anti-inflammatory and antinociception without change locomotors performance. Finally, HB2 reduced the nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) production on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS without changing the cell viability. Taken together, our results show, for the first time, that HB2 can modulate the inflammatory response when administered to mice.

Antiproliferative and antimetastatic activity of DM-1, sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate, in B16F10 melanoma

Melanoma causes 75% of skin cancer deaths mainly due to its high potential to progress to metastasis and by its recognized resistance to conventional therapies. Compound DM-1, sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate, presents structural and biological similarity to curcumin, exhibiting properties such as potent antitumoral and antioxidant activities. In this work, the antitumoral and antiproliferative effects of this compound in in vitro assays with tumor and normal cell lines have been evaluated. Also evaluated was the in vivo antitumoral potential against B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice. Normal and tumor cells were treated with different concentrations of compound DM-1 and the cellular viability was determined by MTT colorimeter assay. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) found was 30 ìg/mL in B16F10 melanoma cells, while no toxic activity was verified against normal human fibroblastic cells. When DM-1 was administrated by intraperitoneal and endovenous routes to melanoma-bearing animals the survival rate increased by 40% when compared to the control group. Tumor load was reduced by 84% when administered via endovenous and by 54% via intraperitoneal. In conclusion, compound DM-1 acts as selective antitumoral agent inducing cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cells, reducing the tumor load in the treated animals, as well as increasing the survival rate of the animal bearing this neoplasia.

Estudo experimental das necroses cutâneas produzidas por fármacos utilizados na escleroterapia de teleangiectasias / Experimental study the cutaneous necrosis after the application of drugs used in sclerosis of telangiectasis

Com a finalidade de analisar as escaras produzidas pelos diferentes agentes nos procedimentos escleroterápicos, foi realizado um estudo experimental em ambiente laboratorial.Usaram-se 20 ratos anestesiados submetidos à aplicaçäo uniforme de 0,1ml na derme de drogas utilizadas usualmente para escleroterapia das teleangiectasias.Passadas 86 horas da aplicaçäo, foi feito exame anátomo-macroscópico nos locais das aplicações por três examinadores que mediram o diâmetro das lesões.A análise bioestatística consistiu no teste t pareado.Concluiu-se que as drogas mais modernas, ao contrário do que habitualmente se propaga, têm maior potencial ulcerogênico sobre a pele.

Contribuiçäo ao estudo da morfologia do pavilhäo, da porçäo tubária e da porçäo uterina do oviduto de cascavel (Crotalus durissus terrificus, Linnaeus, 1758) / Contribuition as study of pavilion, tubary portion and uterine portion of oviduct of rattlesnake(Crotalus durissus terrificus, Linnaeus, 1758)

O estudo do aparelho reprodutor na maioria das espécies constitui-se em uma fonte inesgotável de observações, que muito têm contribuído para a compreensão dos fenômenos anátomo-fisiológicos de interesse ao homem e da melhora para sua qualidade de vida. O aparelho reprodutor de cascavel, chamou-nos a atenção pela complexidade e pelas caraterísticas particulares deste animal no que diz respeito a sua reprodução, devendo ser mencionado que a cascavel se distribui de forma bastante seletiva em nosso pais, habitando regiões específicas e sendo de difícil manuseio. Para o estudo foram utilizadas 10 cascavéis do Serpentário da Universidade de Alfenas , anestesiadas por inalação de CO2 e manipuladas na região caudal para identificação do sexo. Para o estudo morfológico do pavilhão, da porção uterina e da porção tubária e fragmentos destas regiões foram submetidos a técnicas histológicas de rotina do Laboratório de Microscopia do UNILUS e posteriormente corados pelas seguintes técnicas: hematoxilina e eosina (H.E.), policrômio de Castro e Camargo e pela fucsina-resorcina de Weigert. Os mesmos fragmentos foram também submetidos a técnicas histoquímicas pelos método de PAS e pela coloração indicativa pelo Alcian Blue em pH 2,5 e em pH 1,0. Para a microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, os fragmentos foram submetidos as técnicas de rotina do Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica da Disciplina de Histologia da UNIFESP- EPM. Os resultados demonstraram que as regiões do pavilhão e da porção tubária apresentaram a mesma estrutura histológica, constituída por uma mucosa, uma muscular e uma serosa. Histologicamente a mucosa destas regiões é constituída por um epitélio colunar simples, mostrando uma lâmina própria bastante desenvolvida. Foi observado uma grande concentração de fibras colágenas , duas camadas de músculo e uma serosa constituída por epitélio pavimentoso simples. Pela coloração de fucsina-resorcina de Weigert, foram identificadas fibras elásticas. A porção uterina mostra, em pequeno aumento uma parede desenvolvida e rica em fibras colágenas. A mucosa está representada por um epitélio cúbico simples. Podemos ainda observar uma riqueza de células na lâmina própria além de diversos capilares. A região uterina em relação a coloração pela fucsina-resorcina de Weigert, também indicou a presença de fibras elásticas. Em nível da microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, as regiões do pavilhão e da porção tubária são semelhantes...(au)

Acometimento atrial direito de um paciente com tumor de Wilms: relato de um caso / Wilms' tumor associated to right atrial disease: a case report

Os autores relatam o caso clínico de uma paciente de 6 anos com tumor de Wilms que apresentou trombose de veia cava inferior atingindo o átrio direito. Neste relato revisam a literatura e discutem o quadro clínico e a importância no diagnóstico dos exames de imagem: raios x, ultra-som, tomografia computadorizada, urografia excretora e ecocardiograma. Mostram ainda o sucesso terapêutico obtido com a quimioterapia pré-operatória, discutindo as alteraçöes causadas na caracterizaçäo histológica do tumor, como o ocorrido neste caso, que apresentou uma proliferaçäo angiomatóide ao exame anatomopatológico.

Síndrome de Prune Belly: relato de um caso / Prune Belly syndrome: report of a case

Os autores apresentam um caso da Síndrome de Prune Belly ou "abdome em ameixa". A síndrome é caracterizada por agenesia ou deficiência congênita da musculatura da parede anterior do abdome, associada a criptorquidia bilateral e malformaçöes do sistema coletor do trato urinário. Os aspectos clínicos típicos foram facilmente identificados após o nascimento. Os achados da acentuaçäo da lordose lombossacral e da chamada "muesca en rodilla" conferem maior destaque ao caso apresentado.