Adolescent pregnancies and adherence to puerperal consultation. / Gestações na adolescência e adesão à consulta puerperal.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the profile of pregnancies and prevalence of adherence to puerperal consultation among adolescent puerperal women compared to non-adolescent puerperal women served in an outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in the rural area of Minas Gerais. METHOD: cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of puerperal women; non-probabilistic sample, by convenience; adolescent pregnancy - dependent variable; sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric - independent variables. It employed its own instrument, tested by means of a pilot test. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals were calculated; chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied, considering a significance level of 5%, and Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: we interviewed 121 puerperal women, of which 18.2% (22) were adolescents, and observed among them low educational level (p<0.001); fewer pregnancies with pathologies (p=0.016); predominance of primiparous women (p<0.001), and higher rates of normal delivery (p=0.032). The prevalence of adherence to puerperal consultation was 34.7% and 31.8% for adolescents. There were no differences regarding adherence and age of puerperal women. CONCLUSION: adolescents did not present negative obstetric and neonatal outcomes, although a lower educational level was observed. Association was found between early age and absence of diseases during pregnancy and higher rates of normal vaginal deliveries. Adherence to puerperal return visit was slightly lower, but without statistical significance.(1) Adolescent puerperal women had low educational level. (2) Association between early age and absence of diseases during pregnancy. (3) There were higher rates of normal vaginal deliveries among adolescents. (4) Adolescents did not present negative obstetric and neonatal outcomes. (5) There were no differences regarding adherence and age of puerperal women.

Gestações na adolescência e adesão à consulta puerperal / Adolescent pregnancies and adherence to puerperal consultation / Embarazos en adolescentes y adherencia a la consulta puerperal

Resumo Objetivo: identificar o perfil das gestações e prevalência de adesão à consulta puerperal entre puérperas adolescentes comparadas a não adolescentes, assistidas em um ambulatório de hospital de ensino do interior de Minas Gerais. Método: estudo transversal aninhado a uma coorte de puérperas; amostra não probabilística, por conveniência; gestação na adolescência - variável dependente; sociodemográficas, clínicas e obstétricas - variáveis independentes. Utilizado instrumento próprio, testado mediante piloto. Calculadas razões de prevalência e intervalos de confiança; aplicados testes qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher, considerando nível de significância de 5%, e regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados: entrevistadas 121 puérperas, 18,2% (22) adolescentes, verificou-se entre elas baixa escolaridade (p<0,001); menor número de gestações cursando com patologias (p = 0,016); predomínio de primíparas (p<0,001) e maiores índices de parto normal (p = 0,032). A prevalência de adesão à consulta puerperal foi de 34,7% e de 31,8% para adolescentes. Não houve diferenças em relação à adesão e idade das puérperas. Conclusão: adolescentes não apresentaram desfechos obstétricos e neonatais negativos, embora tenha sido observada menor escolaridade. Identificou-se associação entre idade precoce e ausência de doenças na gestação e maiores índices de partos vaginais normais. A adesão ao retorno puerperal apresentou-se pouco inferior, porém sem significância estatística.

Abstract Objective: to determine the profile of pregnancies and prevalence of adherence to puerperal consultation among adolescent puerperal women compared to non-adolescent puerperal women served in an outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in the rural area of Minas Gerais. Method: cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of puerperal women; non-probabilistic sample, by convenience; adolescent pregnancy - dependent variable; sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric - independent variables. It employed its own instrument, tested by means of a pilot test. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals were calculated; chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied, considering a significance level of 5%, and Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: we interviewed 121 puerperal women, of which 18.2% (22) were adolescents, and observed among them low educational level (p<0.001); fewer pregnancies with pathologies (p=0.016); predominance of primiparous women (p<0.001), and higher rates of normal delivery (p=0.032). The prevalence of adherence to puerperal consultation was 34.7% and 31.8% for adolescents. There were no differences regarding adherence and age of puerperal women. Conclusion: adolescents did not present negative obstetric and neonatal outcomes, although a lower educational level was observed. Association was found between early age and absence of diseases during pregnancy and higher rates of normal vaginal deliveries. Adherence to puerperal return visit was slightly lower, but without statistical significance.

Resumen Objetivo: identificar el perfil de embarazos y la prevalencia de adherencia a las consultas puerperales entre madres adolescentes frente a las no adolescentes, atendidas en un hospital clínico universitario en el interior de Minas Gerais (Brasil). Método: estudio transversal anidado en un grupo de puérperas; muestra no probabilística, por conveniencia; embarazo adolescente - variable dependiente; variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y obstétricas- variables independientes. Se utilizó instrumento propio, prueba piloto. Se calcularon razones de prevalencia e intervalos de confianza; Se aplicaron las pruebas chi-cuadrado y exacta de Fisher, considerando un nivel de significancia del 5%, y regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados: se entrevistaron a 121 puérperas, el 18,2% (22) eran adolescentes, siendo confirmado entre ellas una baja escolaridad (p<0,001); menor número de embarazos con patologías (p = 0,016); predominando las primíparas (p<0,001) y mayores tasas de parto normal (p = 0,032). La prevalencia de adherencia a la consulta puerperal fue del 34,7% y de 31,8% en adolescentes. No hubo diferencias en cuanto a la adherencia y la edad de las puérperas. Conclusión: las adolescentes no presentaron resultados obstétricos y neonatales negativos, aunque se observó menor escolaridad. Se identificó una asociación entre la edad precoz y la ausencia de enfermedades durante el embarazo y mayores tasas de partos vaginales normales. La adherencia al retorno puerperal fue ligeramente inferior, pero sin significación estadística.

Cultural adaptation and assessment of the reliability of the Special Needs Kids Questionnaire for the Brazilian context.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out the cultural adaptation of the Special Needs Kids Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese and assess its reliability. METHODS: Methodological study conducted between September 2019 and June 2020 from the stages of translation, back-translation, content validation, semantic validation and pilot test. Content Validation Index, Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient were calculated. RESULTS: After the second round, the adapted version had a Content Validation Index greater than 0.80 in all items and was considered understandable by the mothers. The pilot test included 89 mothers of children born prematurely from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the test and 44 in the retest. All items had Cronbach's Alpha greater than 0.70. Of the 20 items, 15 showed moderate reliability, three high and two weak. CONCLUSION: The instrument proved to be reliable and has the potential to identify the fragmentation and discontinuity of the care received.

Cultural adaptation and assessment of the reliability of the Special Needs Kids Questionnaire for the Brazilian context / Adaptación cultural y evaluación de la fidedignidad del Cuestionario Infantil de Necesidades Especiales para el contexto brasileño / Adaptação cultural e avaliação da fidedignidade do Special Needs Kids Questionnaire para o contexto brasileiro

ABSTRACT Objective To carry out the cultural adaptation of the Special Needs Kids Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese and assess its reliability. Methods Methodological study conducted between September 2019 and June 2020 from the stages of translation, back-translation, content validation, semantic validation and pilot test. Content Validation Index, Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient were calculated. Results After the second round, the adapted version had a Content Validation Index greater than 0.80 in all items and was considered understandable by the mothers. The pilot test included 89 mothers of children born prematurely from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the test and 44 in the retest. All items had Cronbach's Alpha greater than 0.70. Of the 20 items, 15 showed moderate reliability, three high and two weak. Conclusion The instrument proved to be reliable and has the potential to identify the fragmentation and discontinuity of the care received.

RESUMEN Objetivo Realizar la adaptación cultural del Cuestionario para niños con necesidades especiales al portugués brasileño y evaluar su fiabilidad. Métodos Estudio metodológico realizado entre septiembre de 2019 y junio de 2020 a partir de las etapas de traducción, retrotraducción, validación de contenido, validación semántica y prueba piloto. Se calcularon el índice de validación de contenido, el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Resultados Después de la segunda ronda, la versión adaptada tuvo un Índice de Validación de Contenido superior a 0,80 en todos los ítems y fue considerada comprensible por las madres. La prueba piloto incluyó a 89 madres de niños nacidos prematuramente de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales en la prueba y 44 en la reprueba. Todos los ítems tenían un Alfa de Cronbach superior a 0,70. De los 20 ítems, 15 mostraron confiabilidad moderada, tres alta y dos débil. Conclusión El instrumento demostró ser confiable y tiene potencial para identificar la fragmentación y discontinuidad de la atención recibida.

RESUMO Objetivo Realizar a adaptação cultural do Special Needs Kids Questionnarie para o português do Brasil e avaliar sua fidedignidade. Métodos Estudo metodológico realizado entre setembro de 2019 e junho de 2020 a partir das etapas de tradução, retrotradução, validação de conteúdo, validação semântica e teste piloto. -Foi calculado Índice de Validação de Conteúdo, Coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach e Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse. Resultados Após segunda rodada, a versão adaptada apresentou Índice de Validação de Conteúdo superior a 0,80 em todos os itens e foi considerada compreensível pelas mães. O teste piloto contou com 89 mães de crianças nascidas prematuras egressas da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal no teste e 44 no reteste. Todos os itens apresentaram Alpha de Cronbach superior a 0,70. Dos 20 itens, 15 demonstraram moderada confiabilidade, três alta e dois fraca. Conclusão Instrumento mostrou-se fidedigno e tem potencial para identificar a fragmentação e descontinuidade do cuidado recebido.

Intususcepción como causa de obstrucción intestinal en el adulto: un desafío para los cirujanos / Intussusception as cause of intestinal obstruction in the adult: a challenge for surgeons

La intususcepción en adultos es una condición inusual, que corresponde al 5 % de todos los casos de obstrucción intestinal y carece de síntomas específicos. El diagnóstico preoperatorio sigue siendo un desafío para el cirujano y el tratamiento óptimo de esta condición es controvertido. Se presentan dos casos clínicos de intususcepción con diferente etiología. El primero sufrió una intususcepción colocólica por un adenocarcinoma y, el segundo, una intususcepción ileocólica por un tumor del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST). Los casos fueron diagnosticados preoperatoriamente mediante tomografía axial de abdomen. En ambos casos, se practicó una resección quirúrgica oncológica. El estudio de histopatología confirmó el diagnóstico definitivo. Se describen el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la intususcepción como causa de obstrucción intestinal en los adultos, y se presenta una revisión de la literatura científica

Intestinal intussusception in adults is a rare finding, with non specific symptoms and is responsible for 5% of intestinal obstructions. Pre-operative diagnosis remains a challenge for surgeons and the optimal treatment is still in debate. We present two cases of intestinal intussusception caused by different etiologies; the first is a colon-colonic intussusception caused by an adenocarcinoma, and the second is an ileo-colonic intussusception caused by a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Both cases were diagnostic pre-operatively by abdominal CT. Oncologic surgical resection was performed in both cases. Histopathology report confirmed neoplastic tissues. We describe the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal intussusception as a cause of intestinal obstruction in the adult population

Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke: Clinical Presentation, Risk Factors, and Pediatric NIH Stroke Scale in a Series of Chilean Patients.

Stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Clinical presentation is diverse, and multiple risk factors have been described. The aim of this retrospective study is to describe the clinical presentation, risk factors, and the Pediatric National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) in a series of pediatric Chilean patients with the diagnosis of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). Children diagnosed with AIS aged between 29 d and 18 y were enrolled (1989 to 2016). Clinical characteristics and risk factors were described. PedNIHSS severity score was estimated for patients older than 4 mo of age. Sixty-two patients were included, 66% were male, and the mean age of presentation was 3.5 y. Seventy-nine percent presented motor deficit, 45% seizures, and 15% consciousness impairment. Eighty-two percent had a unilateral stroke and 73% had anterior circulation territory affected. The main risk factors were arteriopathy (63%) and infection (43%). The PedNIHSS mean was 7.6, ranging between 0 and 17. In the categories in which it was possible to apply χ2 test, only the acute systemic conditions category was statistically significant (P = 0.03), being higher in the group of patients younger than 3 y old. We confirmed male predominance in AIS and the most frequent presenting symptom was motor deficit. We found at least 1 risk factor in all patients with complete information. We confirmed arteriopathy as the most frequent risk factor, and acute systemic conditions were higher in patients younger than 3 y old with statistical significance (P = 0.03). The majority of patients presented mild to moderate severity in the PedNIHSS score.

Risk Factors for Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke: A Case-Control Study.

INTRODUCTION: Arterial ischemic stroke in newborns is an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Its pathophysiology and associated risk factors are not yet clearly understood and defined. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate possible risk factors in diagnosed cases of PAIS (perinatal arterial ischemic stroke). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Case-control study. Clinical data of patients with PAIS diagnosis were analyzed. Two healthy controls were selected for each PAIS case, matched for gestational age. Risk factors were explored using univariable and multivariable analysis. OUTCOME: 40 patients were included in the study, 24 males and 16 females; 52.5% of cases were diagnosed within the first month of birth, and 47.5% were retrospectively diagnosed. The results showed a male predominance (66.7%). The distribution of cerebral ischemic injury was predominantly medial cerebral artery (87.5%) and occurred more commonly in the left cerebral hemisphere (62.5%). Significant risk factors in the univariate analysis (P < 0.05) were primiparity, stillbirth, neonatal sepsis, asphyxia, twin pregnancy, placenta abruption, emergency cesarean section, Apgar score ≤7 after 5 min, breech presentation, and hyperbilirubinemia. In the multivariate analysis, primiparity (OR 11.74; CI 3.28-42.02), emergency cesarean section (OR 13.79; CI 3.51-54.13), birth asphyxia (OR 40.55; CI 3.08-532.94) and Apgar score ≤7 after 5 min (OR 13.75; CI 1.03-364.03) were significantly associated factors with PAIS. Only five (16.6%) patients had an abnormal thrombophilia study. CONCLUSION: Risk factors of primiparity, emergency cesarean section, birth asphyxia, and Apgar score ≤7 after 5 min were significantly associated with perinatal stroke. More studies with a larger number of patients and with prolonged follow up are required to establish more clearly the associated risk factors involved in this pathology.