ABSTRACT
The new COVID-19 disease is caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), that probably originated in Wuhan, China, and has currently infected 505,817,953 people and caused 6,213,876 deaths in the world. On the American continent, 152,265,980 cases and 2,717,108 deaths have been reported to WHO (World Health Organization). The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region presents an epidemiological challenge due to its population's heterogeneity and socioeconomic inequality. A particularly vulnerable population is that of children with cancer, and their mortality from COVID-19 has been reported to be 3.6% globally. This work aimed to study the lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with cancer in the Latin American region. Our objective was to systematically review published scientific literature and search hospital databases in Latin America to explore mortality in this region. A median of mortality of 9.8% was found in the articles analyzed. In addition, we collected five databases from Latin American hospitals. We concluded that there was an underestimation in the mortality registry of this group of patients in the analyzed region. Therefore, although the causes are unknown, it is necessary to strengthen the case-reporting system to determine the reality in complex and particular areas such as Latin America.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo en niños con neumonía asociada a ventilador en el Hospital del Niño. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte de 32 niños admitidos en UCP del 1 de julio al 30 de noviembre de 2012 que necesitaron de ventilación mecánica. Resultados: Los pacientes con diagnóstico de egreso de neumonía asociada a ventilador (NAV) fueron 28 %. Los factores de riesgo para neumonía asociado al ventilador fueron: reintubaciones (RR 3,82), ventilación mecánica mayor a 5 días (RR: 9.7), cambios de uno o mas tubos corrugados del ventilador (RR de 20,44) y número mayor de aspiraciones (RR: 17.60). Conclusión: Los factores de riesgo identificados deben ser vigilados en la unidad de cuidado intensivo del Hospital del Niño para evitar la NAV y sus consecuencias.
Objective: Risk factors for ventilator associated pneumonia in Children's Hospital of La Paz. Metodology: Cohort study of 32 mechanically ventilated children in pediatric intensive care unit between July and November of 2012. Results: 28% was ventilator-associated pneumonia. Risk factors identified were: reintubation (RR 3,82), mechanical ventilation for more than five days (RR: 9.7), frequent changes of corrugated devices (RR de 20,44) and frequent endotracheal tube aspiration (RR: 17.60). Conclusion: Risk factors identified should be monitored in the intensive care unit of the Children's Hospital of La Paz.
ABSTRACT
Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 12 años de edad con tumor intracardiaco, diagnosticado por ecocardiografía, tomografía y biopsia. Se le inició quimioterapia de acuerdo al protocolo PINDA, cumplida la primera fase se constata una disminución significativa del tumor. Actualmente el niño se encuentra en buenas condiciones generales con estricto cumplimiento del esquema de quimioterapia.
We report the case of a 12-year-old with intracardiac tumor, diagnosed by echocardiography and tomography and biopsy. Began her chemotherapy according PINDA Protocol, accomplished the firstphase shows a significant decrease of tumor. The child is currently in good conditions with strict adherence to chemotherapy scheme.