ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To survey the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) by gestational age and to report the impact on mortality and neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm/very low birthweight infants. STUDY DESIGN: This was a population-based cohort study of 1927 very preterm/very low birthweight infants born in 2014-2016 and admitted to Flemish neonatal intensive care units. Infants underwent standard follow-up assessment until 2 years corrected age with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and neurological assessments. RESULTS: No brain lesion was present in 31% of infants born at <26 weeks of gestation and 75.8% in infants born at 29-32 weeks of gestation. The prevalence of low-grade IVH/PVL (grades I and II) was 16.8% and 12.7%, respectively. Low-grade IVH/PVL was not related significantly to an increased likelihood of mortality, motor delay, or cognitive delay, except for PVL grade II, which was associated with a 4-fold increase in developing cerebral palsy (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.2-14.6). High-grade lesions (III-IV) were present in 22.0% of the infants born at <26 weeks of gestational and 3.1% at 29-32 weeks of gestation, and the odds of death were ≥14.0 (IVH: OR, 14.0; 95% CI, 9.0-21.9; PVL: OR, 14.1; 95% CI, 6.6-29.9). PVL grades III-IV showed an increased odds of 17.2 for motor delay and 12.3 for cerebral palsy, but were not found to be associated significantly with cognitive delay (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 0.5-17.5; P = .24). CONCLUSIONS: Both the prevalence and severity of IVH/PVL decreased significantly with advancing gestational age. More than 75% of all infants with low grades of IVH/PVL showed normal motor and cognitive outcome at 2 years corrected age. High-grade PVL/IVH has become less common and is associated with adverse outcomes.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Palsy , Infant, Premature, Diseases , Leukomalacia, Periventricular , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Child , Leukomalacia, Periventricular/epidemiology , Infant, Extremely Premature , Cerebral Palsy/etiology , Cohort Studies , Prospective Studies , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Cerebral Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Cerebral Hemorrhage/complications , Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Jeune étudiant en philosophie à Caen, Yann Andréa qui s'appelle encore Yann Lemée, découvre l'écriture de Marguerite Duras, instantanément galvanisé par l'expérience, il se met à lui écrire, presque tous les jours, parfois plusieurs fois par jour, par paquets, sans attente de réponse. Touchée par la puissance de Yann, Duras lui répond, lui dédie une Åuvre et finit par partager sa vie avec lui. Il s'agit d'un amour qui n'est pas habillé par le fantasme mais qui est resserré autour d'un point de réel, l'écriture. Sophie Marret-Maleval prend le couple Duras/Andréa en exemple pour illustrer par la négative l'inexistence du rapport sexuel : la fonction d'agrafe de l'amour, qui s'écrit S1-a, serait réalisée dans ces moments d'écriture à travers leurs positions subjectives respectives : M. Duras en place de produire les S1 et Y. Andréa au lieu de l'objet
Jovem estudante de filosofia em Caen, Yann Andréa, então conhecido como Yann Lemée, descobre a escrita de Marguerite Duras e, instantaneamente galvanizado pela experiência, começa a escrever para ela, quase todos os dias, às vezes várias vezes ao dia, em pacotes, sem esperar por uma resposta. Tocada pela força de Yann, Duras lhe responde, dedica uma obra a ele e acaba compartilhando sua vida com ele. Trata-se de um amor que não é vestido pelo fantasma, mas que é apertado em torno de um ponto de realidade, a escrita. Sophie Marret-Maleval utiliza o casal Duras/Andréa como exemplo negativo para ilustrar a inexistência da relação sexual: a função de ligação do amor, expressa como S1-a, é realizada nesses momentos de escrita através de suas posições subjetivas respectivas: M. Duras no lugar de produzir os S1 e Y. Andréa no lugar do objeto.
A young philosophy student in Caen, Yann Andréa, still known as Yann Lemée, discovers the writing of Marguerite Duras, instantly galvanized by the experience, begins to write to her, almost every day, sometimes several times a day, in packages, without expecting a response. Touched by Yann's power, Duras replies to him, dedicates a work to him, and eventually shares her life with him. This is a love that is not clothed in fantasy but is centered around a point of reality: writing. Sophie Marret-Maleval uses the Duras/Andréa couple as a negative example to illustrate the absence of the sexual relationship: the function of bonding that love performs, expressed as S1-a, is realized in these moments of writing through their respective subjective positions: M. Duras in the position of producing the S1 and Y. Andréa in the place of the object
Subject(s)
Letter , CoitusABSTRACT
Jovem estudante de filosofia em Caen, Yann Andréa, então conhecido como Yann Lemée, descobre a escrita de Marguerite Duras e, instantaneamente galvanizado pela experiência, começa a escrever para ela, quase todos os dias, às vezes várias vezes ao dia, em pacotes, sem esperar por uma resposta. Tocada pela força de Yann, Duras lhe responde, dedica uma obra a ele e acaba compartilhando sua vida com ele. Trata-se de um amor que não é vestido pelo fantasma, mas que é apertado em torno de um ponto de realidade, a escrita. Sophie Marret-Maleval utiliza o casal Duras/Andréa como exemplo negativo para ilustrar a inexistência da relação sexual: a função de ligação do amor, expressa como S1-a, é realizada nesses momentos de escrita através de suas posições subjetivas respectivas: M. Duras no lugar de produzir os S1 e Y. Andréa no lugar do objeto
eune étudiant en philosophie à Caen, Yann Andréa qui s'appelle encore Yann Lemée, découvre l'écriture de Marguerite Duras, instantanément galvanisé parl'expérience, il se met à lui écrire, presque tous les jours, parfois plusieurs fois par jour, par paquets, sans attente de réponse. Touchée par la puissance de Yann, Duras lui répond, lui dédie une Åuvre et finit par partager sa vie avec lui. Il s'agit d'un amour qui n'est pas habillé par le fantasme mais qui est resserré autour d'un point de réel, l'écriture. Sophie Marret-Maleval prend le couple Duras/Andréa en exemple pour illustrer par la négative l'inexistence du rapport sexuel : la fonction d'agrafe de l'amour, qui s'écrit S1-a, serait réalisée dans ces moments d'écriture à travers leurs positions subjectives respectives : M. Duras en place de produire les S1 et Y. Andréa au lieu de l'objet
A young philosophy student in Caen, Yann Andréa, still known as Yann Lemée, discovers the writing of Marguerite Duras, instantly galvanized by the experience, begins to write to her, almost every day, sometimes several times a day, in packages, without expecting a response. Touched by Yann's power, Duras replies to him, dedicates a work to him, and eventually shares her life with him. This is a love that is not clothed in fantasy but is centered around a point of reality: writing. Sophie Marret-Maleval uses the Duras/Andréa couple as a negative example to illustrate the absence of the sexual relationship: the function of bonding that love performs, expressed as S1-a, is realized in these moments of writing through their respective subjective positions: M. Duras in the position of producing the S1 and Y. Andréa in the place of the object