ABSTRACT
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization into the blood occurs under normal physiological conditions and is stimulated in the clinic to enable the isolation of HSPCs for transplantation therapies. In the present study, we identify the tetraspanin CD82 as a novel regulator of HSPC mobilization. Using a global CD82 knockout (CD82KO) mouse, we measure enhanced HSPC mobilization after granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or AMD3100 treatment, which we find is promoted by increased surface expression of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) on CD82KO HSPCs. Additionally, we identify a disruption in S1PR1 internalization in CD82-deficient HSPCs, suggesting that CD82 plays a critical role in S1PR1 surface regulation. Finally, combining AMD3100 and anti-CD82 treatments, we detect enhanced mobilization of mouse HSPCs and human CD34+ cells in animal models. Together, these data provide evidence that CD82 is an important regulator of HSPC mobilization and suggests exploiting the CD82 scaffold as a therapeutic target to enhance stem cell isolation.
Subject(s)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism , Kangai-1 Protein/physiology , Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors/metabolism , Stem Cells/metabolism , Animals , Antigens, CD34/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Humans , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Knockout , Signal Transduction , Tetraspanins/physiologyABSTRACT
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation represents a treatment option for patients with malignant and nonmalignant hematological diseases. Initial steps in transplantation involve the bone marrow homing and engraftment of peripheral blood-injected HSPCs. In recent work, we identified the tetraspanin CD82 as a potential regulator of HSPC homing to the bone marrow, although its mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, using a CD82 knockout (CD82KO) mouse model, we determined that CD82 modulates HSPC bone marrow maintenance, homing, and engraftment. Bone marrow characterization identified a significant decrease in the number of long-term hematopoietic stem cells in the CD82KO mice, which we linked to cell cycle activation and reduced stem cell quiescence. Additionally, we demonstrate that CD82 deficiency disrupts bone marrow homing and engraftment, with in vitro analysis identifying further defects in migration and cell spreading. Moreover, we find that the CD82KO HSPC homing defect is due at least in part to the hyperactivation of Rac1, as Rac1 inhibition rescues homing capacity. Together, these data provide evidence that CD82 is an important regulator of HSPC bone marrow maintenance, homing, and engraftment and suggest exploiting the CD82 scaffold as a therapeutic target for improved efficacy of stem cell transplants.