Calidad de la voz cantada en sopranos. Influencia del texto y el acompañamiento musical en el canto de ópera / quality of the singing voice in sopranos. Influence of the text and the musical accompaniment in the opera singing

Introducción y objetivos La voz cantada en canto de ópera utiliza diferentes mecanismos técnicos con finalidad artística. Queremos determinar si la calidad del sonido cantado se ve afectada por un trabajo consciente sobre el acompañamiento musical y el texto. Analizamos la señal acústica y la percepción subjetiva. La altura de tono estudiada en voz de soprano es el La4 (880Hz) sobre la vocal /a/. Hemos elegido un tono y una vocal que pueden generarse mediante diferentes estrategias en cuanto a los ajustes fonorresonanciales. Materiales y métodosHemos realizado un estudio prospectivo con 20 sopranos, libres de enfermedad, que han cantado una frase del aria «Deh, vieni non tardar» y otra del aria «Dove sono i bei momento». de la ópera Le nozze di Figaro, compuesta por W.A. Mozart. En primer lugar, se grabó cada frase cantada de modo espontáneo y una segunda vez, tras un trabajo propuesto sobre el contenido del texto y aspectos musicales del acompañamiento como son: ritmo, armonía, textura y dirección de la frase. Las participantes prolongaron la emisión del La4 algo más de 3s manteniendo el contexto de la frase. La señal acústica ha sido analizada mediante el programa PRAAT y se ha utilizado un cuestionario de la escala visual analógica (EVA) para recoger las percepciones subjetivas Resultados La media de edad fue de 36±11 años (rango entre 20 y 58), la media de años cantando fue de 17±12 años (rango entre 3 y 35). No se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas, aunque sí se aprecia una mejoría de la EVA en la segunda frase tras la intervención. Conclusiones Los parámetros de análisis acústico son estables y la EVA tiende a mejorar cuando se realiza un trabajo de toma de conciencia del texto y el acompañamiento instrumental. (AU)

Introduction and objectives Opera singing voice uses different technical tools for artistic purposes. We want to define if the quality of the sung sound is affected by an aware work on the musical accompaniment and the text. We analyze the acoustic signal and the subjective perception. The pitch studied in the soprano voice is A4 (880Hz) with the vowel /a/. We have chosen a tone and a vowel that can be generated by different strategies in terms of phonoresonance adjustments. Materials and methods We have carried out a prospective study with 20 sopranos, without voice pathology, who have sung a phrase from the aria Deh, vieni non tarda and another from the aria Dove sono i bei momenti from the opera Le nozze di Figaro, by W.A. Mozart. First, each phrase sung spontaneously was recorded and then a second time, after a proposed work on the content of the text and musical aspects of the accompaniment such as: rhythm, harmony, texture and direction of the phrase. The participants prolonged the emission of the A4 for more than three seconds, maintaining the context of the sentence. The acoustic signal has been analyzed using the PRAAT program and a VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) questionnaire has been used to collect subjective perceptions. Results The mean age was 36±11 years (range between 20 and 58) and the mean number of years singing was 17±12 years (range between 3 and 35). No statistically significant differences were found, although an improvement in the VAS was seen in the second sentence after the intervention. Conclusions The acoustic analysis parameters are stable, and the VAS tends to improve when an awareness of the text and the instrumental accompaniment is carried out. (AU)

Spanish National Registry of Paediatric Coeliac Disease: Changes in the Clinical Presentation in the 21st Century.

OBJECTIVES: Over the last several decades, there has been a tendency towards a predominance of less symptomatic forms of coeliac disease (CD) and an increase in the patient age at diagnosis. This study aimed to assess the clinical presentation and diagnostic process of paediatric CD in Spain. METHODS: A nationwide prospective, observational, multicentre registry of new paediatric CD cases was conducted from January 2011 to June 2017. The data regarding demographic variables, type of birth, breast-feeding history, family history of CD, symptoms, height and weight, associated conditions, serological markers, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype, and histopathological findings were collected. RESULTS: In total, 4838 cases (61% girls) from 73 centres were registered. The median age at diagnosis was 4 years. Gastrointestinal symptoms were detected in 71.4% of the patients, and diarrhoea was the most frequent symptom (45.9%). The most common clinical presentation was the classical form (65.1%) whereas 9.8% ofthe patients were asymptomatic. There was a trend towards an increase in the age at diagnosis, proportion of asymptomatic CD cases, and usage of anti-deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies and HLA typing for CD diagnosis. There was, however, a decreasing trend in the proportion of patients undergoing biopsies. Some of these significant trend changes may reflect the effects of the 2012 ESPGHAN diagnosis guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric CD in Spain is evolving in the same direction as in the rest of Europe, although classical CD remains the most common presentation form, and the age at diagnosis remains relatively low.

Reliance on Facebook for news and its influence on political engagement.

This paper examines the link between reliance on Facebook for news, political knowledge, and political engagement in the Philippines. We tested five hypotheses using data gathered from an online survey of 978 Filipinos conducted from February 1 to March 31, 2016. Findings support the hypothesis that those who rely less on social media as a news source exhibit higher levels of perceived knowledge about politics than those who rely more on it for news. Controlling for traditional news use, following political officials or institutions on social media is associated with higher levels of political interest and engagement, those with more politically active friends on Facebook have higher levels of exposure to political content online, and there is a positive correlation between Facebook being a source of information about politics and discussing politics more often with others. However, the hypothesis that those with more friends on their network who are politically active, will have greater political knowledge and more political engagement than those who have few politically active friends on their Facebook network is not supported.

Molecular fundamentals of nitrogen uptake and transport in trees.

Nitrogen (N) is frequently a limiting factor for tree growth and development. Because N availability is extremely low in forest soils, trees have evolved mechanisms to acquire and transport this essential nutrient along with biotic interactions to guarantee its strict economy. Here we review recent advances in the molecular basis of tree N nutrition. The molecular characteristics, regulation, and biological significance of membrane proteins involved in the uptake and transport of N are addressed. The regulation of N uptake and transport in mycorrhized roots and transcriptome-wide studies of N nutrition are also outlined. Finally, several areas of future research are suggested.

Silicon addition to soybean (Glycine max L.) plants alleviate zinc deficiency.

It is well established the beneficial role of silicon (Si) in alleviating abiotic stress. However, it remains poorly understood the mechanisms of the Si-mediated protection against metal deficiency, especially the zinc (Zn) one. Recently, it has been proposed that Si may act by an interaction with this biometal in the root apoplast contributing to its movement through the plant, as in the case of Fe deficiency. In the present work, the effect of initial or continuous Si doses in soybean Zn deficient plants has been studied. For that purpose, plants grown in hydroponic culture were treated with different Si doses (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 mM) under Zn limiting conditions. SPAD index in leaves, several growth parameters, mineral content in the whole plant and the formation of Zn pools in roots were determined. An initial addition of 0.5 mM of Si to the nutrient solution led to an enhancement of plants growth, Zn and Si content in leaves, and a higher storage of Zn in the root apoplast. The results suggest that this treatment enhanced Zn accumulation on roots and its movement to shoots when needed, mitigating Zn deficiency symptoms.

Recurrent epistaxis from a post-traumatic infraorbital artery pseudoaneurysm

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To present a rare case of post-traumatic recurrent epistaxis in an elderly woman.<br /><strong>METHODS:</strong><br />  <strong>Design:</strong> Case Report<br /> <strong> Setting:</strong> Tertiary Private Hospital<br /><strong>  Patient:</strong> One<br /><strong>RESULT:</strong> A  93-year-old  woman  had  multiple  admissions  for  recurrent  life  threatening  nose-bleeding  that  was  not  controlled  until  a  post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm  of  the  infraorbital artery was diagnosed and embolized.<br />CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm should be considered in such cases, and treatment involving surgeons and interventional radiologists should be initiated to minimize morbidity and mortality.</p>

The NAC transcription factor family in maritime pine (Pinus Pinaster): molecular regulation of two genes involved in stress responses.

BACKGROUND: NAC transcription factors comprise a large plant-specific gene family involved in the regulation of diverse biological processes. Despite the growing number of studies on NAC transcription factors in various species, little information is available about this family in conifers. The goal of this study was to identify the NAC transcription family in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), to characterize ATAF-like genes in response to various stresses and to study their molecular regulation. METHODS: We have isolated two maritime pine NAC genes and using a transient expression assay in N. benthamiana leaves estudied the promoter jasmonate response. RESULTS: In this study, we identified 37 NAC genes from maritime pine and classified them into six main subfamilies. The largest group includes 12 sequences corresponding to stress-related genes. Two of these NAC genes, PpNAC2 and PpNAC3, were isolated and their expression profiles were examined at various developmental stages and in response to various types of stress. The expression of both genes was strongly induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), mechanical wounding, and high salinity. The promoter regions of these genes were shown to contain cis-elements involved in the stress response and plant hormonal regulation, including E-boxes, which are commonly found in the promoters of genes that respond to jasmonate, and binding sites for bHLH proteins. Using a transient expression assay in N. benthamiana leaves, we found that the promoter of PpNAC3 was rapidly induced upon MeJA treatment, while this response disappeared in plants in which the transcription factor NbbHLH2 was silenced. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that PpNAC2 and PpNAC3 encode stress-responsive NAC transcription factors involved in the jasmonate response in pine. Furthermore, these data also suggest that the jasmonate signaling pathway is conserved between angiosperms and gymnosperms. These findings may be useful for engineering stress tolerance in pine via biotechnological approaches.

[Diet quality in college students with different academic profile]. / CALIDAD DE LA DIETA EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS CON DISTINTO PERFIL ACADÉMICO.

INTRODUCTION: We can find in Spain several university studies concerning diet and lifestyle, showing them as an effective strategy to prevent chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the energy and nutrient intake and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (DM) in a group of college students with different academic profile and to compare the quality of the diet among students attending degrees in Health Science (HS) and those attending other degree courses (not HS). METHODS: 77 students (80.3% female) from the Campus of Soria, 37 HS students and 40 not HS (mean age 21.2 ± 2.1 years), completed a questionnaire on socio-biographical data, the test KIDMED of adhesion to Mediterranean diet and recorded food intake for seven days. The amount of energy and nutrients was estimated using the software Nutriber (version 1.1.1.3r). Student t test or U Mann-Whitney were used to compare means of independent samples and the criterion of significance was set at p <0,05. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The respondent students, regardless of their academic profile, follow a low calorie diet with more protein and fat consumption than the recommended amount, and less carbohydrate and fiber, which is reflected in the insufficient intake of some vitamins and minerals. However, we observed a higher percentage of respondents with high adhesion to the parameters of the DM in the HS group (51.4%) than in the No HS group (30.8%).

Introducción: En España son varios los estudios universitarios que abordan los temas de alimentación y estilo de vida, y demuestran que éstos son una estrategia eficaz para la prevención de enfermedades crónicas. Objetivos: Evaluar la ingesta de energía y nutrientes y la adhesión a la Dieta Mediterránea (DM) en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios con distinto perfil académico y comparar la calidad de la dieta entre estudiantes que cursan grados en Ciencias de la Salud (CS) y los de otras carreras (No CS). Métodos: 77 estudiantes (80,3% mujeres) del Campus de Soria, 37 de grados en CS y 40 de No CS de edad media 21,2 ± 2,1 años, cumplimentaron un cuestionario sobre datos socio-biográficos, el test KIDMED y registraron la ingesta de alimentos durante siete días. La estimación de la cantidad de energía y nutrientes se realizó mediante el programa informático NUTRIBER (versión 1.1.1.3r) y para la comparación de medias de muestras independientes se utilizaron las pruebas t de Student o U de Mann-Whitney y el criterio de significación se estableció en p < 0,05. Resultados y Discusión: Los estudiantes encuestados, con independencia de su perfil académico, siguen una dieta hipocalórica con mayor consumo de proteínas y de grasas de las recomendadas y menor de hidratos de carbono y fibra, lo que se refleja en el aporte insuficiente de algunas vitaminas y minerales. A pesar de ello, observamos un mayor porcentaje de encuestados con adhesión alta a los parámetros de la DM en el grupo CS (51,4%) que en el grupo no CS (30,8 %).

Redundancy and metabolic function of the glutamine synthetase gene family in poplar.

BACKGROUND: Glutamine synthetase (GS; EC: 6.3.1.2, L-glutamate: ammonia ligase ADP-forming) is a key enzyme in ammonium assimilation and metabolism in higher plants. In poplar, the GS family is organized in 4 groups of duplicated genes, 3 of which code for cytosolic GS isoforms (GS1.1, GS1.2 and GS1.3) and one group that codes for the choroplastic GS isoform (GS2). Our previous work suggested that GS duplicates may have been retained to increase the amount of enzyme in a particular cell type. RESULTS: The current study was conducted to test this hypothesis by developing a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular and biochemical characteristics of the poplar GS isoenzymes and by determinating their kinetic parameters. To obtain further insights into the function of the poplar GS genes, in situ hybridization and laser capture microdissections were conducted in different tissues, and the precise GS gene spatial expression patterns were determined in specific cell/tissue types of the leaves, stems and roots. The molecular and functional analysis of the poplar GS family and the precise localization of the corresponding mRNA in different cell types strongly suggest that the GS isoforms play non-redundant roles in poplar tree biology. Furthermore, our results support the proposal that a function of the duplicated genes in specific cell/tissue types is to increase the abundance of the enzymes. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results reveal that there is no redundancy in the poplar GS family at the whole plant level but it exists in specific cell types where the two duplicated genes are expressed and their gene expression products have similar metabolic roles. Gene redundancy may contribute to the homeostasis of nitrogen metabolism in functions associated with changes in environmental conditions and developmental stages.

Acute norovirus-induced agranulocytosis in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient.

Norovirus (NoV) infection is usually limited to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, in immunocompromised patients, this infection might lead to severe life-threatening complications. We herein describe a pediatric kidney transplant patient who presented with an acute NoV infection complicated by febrile agranulocytosis that resolved with improvement of her GI illness. This unusual presentation has not been described before, to our knowledge. The aim of this article is to highlight the sometimes dramatic clinical presentation of NoV infection in immunosuppressed patients, and the importance of including this infection in the differential diagnosis of neutropenia in that specific population.

Concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel in patients with coronary, cerebrovascular, or peripheral artery disease in the factores de Riesgo y ENfermedad Arterial (FRENA) registry.

BACKGROUND: Among patients receiving clopidogrel for coronary artery disease, concomitant therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been associated with an increased risk for recurrent coronary events. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Factores de Riesgo y ENfermedad Arterial (FRENA) is an ongoing, multicenter, observational registry of consecutive outpatients with coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral artery disease. We retrospectively examined the influence of concomitant use of PPIs on outcome in patients receiving clopidogrel. RESULTS: As of March 2009, 1222 patients were using clopidogrel: 595 had coronary artery disease, 329 cerebrovascular disease, and 298 had peripheral artery disease. Of these, 519 (42%) were concomitantly using PPIs. Over a mean follow-up of 15 months, 131 patients (11%) had 139 subsequent ischemic events: myocardial infarction 44, ischemic stroke 40, and critical limb ischemia 55. Seventeen of them (13%) died within 15 days of the subsequent event. PPI users had a higher incidence of myocardial infarction (rate ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-4.8), ischemic stroke (rate ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.03-3.7), and a nonsignificantly higher rate of critical limb ischemia (rate ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.95-2.8) than nonusers. On multivariate analysis, concomitant use of clopidogrel and PPIs was independently associated with an increased risk for subsequent ischemic events both in the whole series of patients (hazard ratio, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7) and in those with cerebrovascular disease or peripheral artery disease (hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.01-2.4). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with established arterial disease, concomitant use of PPIs and clopidogrel was associated with a nearly doubling of the incidence of subsequent myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke. This higher incidence persisted after multivariate adjustment.

Síndrome de Poland. Aspectos ecográficos / No disponible

El síndrome de Poland es una alteración congénita que se caracteriza por la ausencia total o parcial del músculo pectoral mayor y de la glándula mamaria, con un grado variable de anomalías de la mano homolateral y que puede tener asociadas otras malformaciones. Es un síndrome esporádico cuya causa exacta se desconoce, aunque parece corresponder a una alteración vascular embrionaria. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia del lado derecho y en hombres, aunque son pacientes mujeres las que más consultan y por razones estéticas, generalmente después de la adolescencia. El diagnóstico de este síndrome es básicamente clínico, aunque la ecografía puede ayudar a determinar con mayor precisión cuáles son las estructuras afectadas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente que muestra compromiso aislado del músculo pectoral mayor y de la glándula mamaria(AU)

Poland syndrome is a congenital abnormality characterized by aplasia and/or hypoplasia of pectoralis muscle and breast tissue and by thoracic wall defects and ipsilateral upper extremity anomalies in variable degrees. It is a sporadic syndrome of unknown etiology but it seems to be related with a vascular development disorder. This syndrome is more frequent in the right side and in male patients, although female patients usually consult the physician for aesthetic reasons and mainly before the adolescence period. The diagnosis is made on clinical examination. Breast ultrasound is helpful in identifying affected structures properly. We report a case of Poland’s syndrome in a female patient with isolated involvement of pectoralis muscle and breast tissue(AU)

Adenocarcinoma endometrioide en pólipo endometrial / Endometrioid adenocarcinoma in an endometrial polyp

Introducción: En raras ocasiones se diagnostica un adenocarcinoma originado en un pólipo endometrial. Material y métodos: De un total de 1.989 pólipos endometriales diagnosticados en 8 años y medio, 6 presentaban un adenocarcinoma endometrioi de. Se analizan sus características clínico-patológicas y evolución. Resultados: La histeroscopia diagnosticó un pólipo en todas las pacientes, y en 3 de ellas con signos sospechosos de malignidad. En todas las ocasiones la lesión estaba confinada al pólipo y no se observó infiltración miometrial en ningún caso. Los carcinomas fueron de la variedad endometrioide, y el endometrio adyacente era normal. Todas las pacientes están vivas y libres de enfermedad tras un seguimiento medio de 45 meses (entre 6 y 96 meses). Conclusión: Los pólipos endometriales pueden albergar un adenocarcinoma que en muchas ocasiones está confinado al pólipo, y que es de bajo grado de malignidad, por lo que se puede plantear un tratamiento conservador

Introduction: Endometrial polyps bearing an adenocarcinoma are rarely diagnosed. Material and methods: Of 1989 endometrial polyps diagnosed in eight and a half years, only six showed an endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Their clinicopathologic characteristics and outcome are discussed. Results: All polyps were diagnosed by hysteroscopy. Of these, three showed signs suspicious for malignancy. In all cases, the neoplasm was confined to the polyp without myometrial infiltration. Histological type was endometrioid and the adjacent endometrium was normal. All patients are alive and disease free after a mean follow-up of 45 months (range: 6-96 months). Conclusion: Endometrial polyps can bear an adenocarcinoma, which is often confined to the polyp and of a low grade of malignancy. Conservative treatment can be considered

Leiomiomatosis difusa del útero: aspectos clinicopatológicos en 5 casos / Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis: clinicopathologic features in 5 cases

Introducción: La leiomiomatosis difusa del útero es una entidad rara que cursa con un aumento del tamaño uterino. Descripción de los casos: Se revisan las características clinicopatológicas de 5 casos. La sintomatología más frecuente fue por sangrado uterino. Tres de las pacientes tenían hijos, y 2 de ellas habían tenido algún aborto. En 3 ocasiones se efectuó una histerectomía subtotal. En las otras 2 se practicó una resección parcial por deseos de la paciente de conservar la fertilidad. Conclusión: La leiomiomatosis difusa uterina es una lesión benigna que puede afectar a la fertilidad o complicar de forma significativa el parto (AU)

Introduction: Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis is a rare entity that increases uterine size. Cases description: The clinicopathologic features of five cases are reviewed. The most frequent symptom was uterine bleeding. Three of the patients had children and two of them had a past history of abortion. In three patients, subtotal hysterectomy was performed. In the remaining two, partial resection was carried out as the patients wished to preserve fertility. Conclusion: Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis is a benign lesion that can affect patients’ fertility or complicate delivery (AU)

[Nosocomial gastroenteritis and asymptomatic rotavirus and astrovirus infection in hospitalized children]. / Gastroenteritis aguda nosocomial e infección asintomática por rotavirus y astrovirus en niños hospitalizados.

BACKGROUND: Nosocomial gastroenteritis is frequent in pediatric hospital wards. Between 20% and 50% of gastroenteritis cases caused by rotavirus and astrovirus are of nosocomial origin. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of nosocomial rotavirus and astrovirus gastroenteritis in our environment, the incidence of asymptomatic infection with these viruses, and to identify the G serotypes of the rotaviruses detected. METHODS: We performed a prospective study of all children under 2 years of age admitted to a neonatology unit over a 1-year period who were followed-up for the presence of diarrhea and periodic study of feces to detect the presence of rotavirus and astrovirus antigens by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Patients with gastroenteritis also underwent bacteria stool culture, adenovirus detection by EIA, calcivirus detection by polymerase chain reaction, and analysis of rotavirus G serotypes by EIA with monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Of 666 children admitted without diarrhea, 60 presented nosocomial gastroenteritis (9 % of patients admitted and 1.75 per 100 days of hospital stay): 34 presented rotavirus (5 % of patients) and two presented astrovirus (0.3 % of patients). Of the 329 patients without diarrhea who were studied, viral elimination was detected in 27: rotavirus in 23 patients and astrovirus in four. Viral infection was detected on admission in 13 patients (4 %) and after 72 hours in 14 patients (4.2 %) (asymptomatic nosocomial infection). No differences in the distribution of rotavirus G serotypes were observed between community-acquired and nosocomial gastroenteritis. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm the importance of viral etiology in nosocomial gastroenteritis and allow us to evaluate asymptomatic fecal elimination of rotavirus as one of the factors in the transmission of this infection.

Estudio de variables relacionadas con el abandono de pacientes de un Servicio de Salud Mental / Study of some variables related to the drop-out patients attended in a Mental Health Service

El estudio describe variables relacionadas con el abandono de pacientes que acuden a un Centro de Salud Mental Comunitario de Madrid (Equipo de Salud Mental de Vallecas. Centro de Salud Rafael Alberti), durante el periodo de un año (octubre de 1996-octubre de 1997). Se seleccionan 41 variables que describen características psico-sociales de los pacientes, del proceso psicoterapéutico y de los terapeutas. Por último se consideran una serie de medidas con el objetivo de implementar la adherencia de los pacientes a los tratamientos en los Equipos de Salud Mental. (AU)

Tuberculosis peritoneal. Descripción de un caso / Peritoneal tuberculosis. Report of a case

Debemos pensar en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis peritoneal en cualquier paciente con dolor abdominal de etiología desconocida, ascitis y fiebre. Puede presentarse de manera insidiosa (forma clásica), o bien como infertilidad primaria o secundaria (forma actual). El diagnóstico se realiza con el estudio anatomopatológico de los granulomas caseificantes y mediante el cultivo del líquido peritoneal. Nuevas pruebas diagnósticas, como el estudio del ADA (ascitis fluid adenosine deaminasa), pueden cambiar el algoritmo diagnóstico de esta enfermedad (AU)

Avance en la comprensión del rechazo humoral en el trasplante de riñón: implicaciones en el tratamiento de pacientes / Progress in understanding humoral rejection in kidney transplantation: implications for patient management

No disponible

La ecografía en el screening del cáncer de ovario / Ultrasonography in ovarian cancer screening

No disponible

Factores de riesgo, pronóstico y screening en el carcinoma de ovario / Risk factors, prognostic and screening in ovarian cancer

Objetivo: Revisar la epidemiología, factores de riesgo y pronóstico del carcinoma de ovario, así como el estado actual de screening de esta enfermedad.Fuentes: Literatura médica hasta abril del año 2000 a través del Medline.Conclusiones: Hoy por hoy los dos factores pronósticos más importantes siguen siendo el estadio de la enfermedad en el momento del diagnóstico y la radicalidad de la cirugía. El análisis del verdadero valor de los múltiples factores de 'riesgo' permitiría la identificación de los que exigirían un control exhaustivo de las pacientes y quizá el tan deseado diagnóstico precoz o temprano de la enfermedad (AU)