Molecular modeling, docking and dynamic simulations of growth hormone receptor (GHR) of Labeo rohita.

Growth hormones (GH) have diverse functions like growth promotion, metabolism, appetite, reproduction and social behavior in vertebrates, which is mediated through the growth hormone receptor (GHR). This work was aimed to analyze structural features, homology modeling and molecular docking of Labeo rohita GHR protein. A physicochemical characteristic, like molecular weight was 67.2 kDa and hydropathicity was 0.336. Protein modeling and structure confirmation of L. rohita GHR protein showed 92.7% residues are in the favored region. Selection of ligands and molecular docking shown Melengestrol and Riboflavin ligand showed uppermost binding energy values -7.8 and -7.3 kcal/mol. Molecular interactions describe conventional hydrogen bonding of Melengestrol was observed with VAL94, GLU97, GLU95, TRP57, PHE33, THR34, PRO35, ASP36, PRO37, ARG49, GLY292, LYS291, ILE290, ALA287, LYS289 residues. Riboflavin hydrogen bonds interaction was at PRO37, ASP36, PRO35, THR34, ARG49, SER144, VAL443, GLN442, PRO284, ASP294, ILE285, PRO286, SER408, ALA287, GLY292, LYS291, ILE290, PRO288, LYS287. Molecular dynamics simulation outcomes revealed that complex 2 (Riboflavin and GHR protein) is better than complex1 (Melengestrol and GHR protein). Overall, the results of the present work lead identification of novel molecules that may be agonistic of growth hormone receptor protein and can be used to surge growth in fish. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Neonatal Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-N) Associated with Prenatal Maternal SARS-CoV-2: A Case Series.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a post-infectious immune-mediated condition, seen 3-5 weeks after COVID-19. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 may potentially cause a similar hyperinflammatory syndrome in neonates due to transplacental transfer of antibodies. We reviewed the perinatal history, clinical features, and outcomes of 20 neonates with features consistent with MIS-C related to maternal SARS-CoV-2 in Kolhapur, India, from 1 September 2020 to 30 April 2021. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were tested in all neonates. Fifteen singletons and five twins born to eighteen mothers with a history of COVID-19 disease or exposure during pregnancy presented with features consistent with MIS-C during the first 5 days after birth. Nineteen were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and all were negative for IgM antibodies. All mothers were asymptomatic and therefore not tested by RTPCR-SARS-CoV-2 at delivery. Eighteen neonates (90%) had cardiac involvement with prolonged QTc, 2:1 AV block, cardiogenic shock, or coronary dilatation. Other findings included respiratory failure (40%), fever (10%), feeding intolerance (30%), melena (10%), and renal failure (5%). All infants had elevated inflammatory biomarkers and received steroids and IVIG. Two infants died. We speculate that maternal SARS-CoV-2 and transplacental antibodies cause multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N). Immunomodulation may be beneficial in some cases, but further studies are needed.

Congenital extrahepatic portocaval malformation: Rare but potentially treatable cause of pulmonary hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: Abernethy malformation (congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt) is a rare anomaly of the splanchnic venous system. Though rare, it is an important cause of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) which is often missed. All patients with PAH should be carefully evaluated for presence of Abernethy malformation before labelling them as Idiopathic PAH. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. We reviewed the data of all patients referred to our center for evaluation of PAH. 10 patients were diagnosed to have an extrahepatic portocaval malformation. We reviewed their presentation, diagnosis, catheterization data, intervention and their outcome along with review of literature. RESULTS: 10/104 patients with pulmonary hypertension and no intra or extracardiac shunt were found to have extrahepatic portocaval shunt (EHPCS). 3 patients had EHPCS type 1 and 7 had type 2 EHPCS. 6/7 patient with EHPCS type 2 underwent closure of the shunt. There was no procedure related complication. There was one death 3 months post procedure and one patient who was advised surgical closure was lost to follow up. Closure of the shunt resulted in normalization of the pulmonary artery pressures in 4/5 patients. CONCLUSION: Congenital portosystemic malformations form an important and potentially treatable cause of pulmonary hypertension.

Fabrication of custom overdenture attachments using indigenously made parallelometer: A technique.

Various types of attachments have been used during overdenture fabrication; however, no single attachment is perfect for every case. Irrespective of the attachment used, it is important to maintain parallelism between the attachments for ease of insertion and removal, functional efficiency, and durability of the prosthesis. It is challenging to obtain parallelism between attachments when the abutments are divergent, or multiple abutments are engaged. A simplified technique to fabricate cast overdenture attachments using indigenously made parallelometer has been described. This technique eliminates the need of making full-arch impressions and models and surveying the attachments before casting. With this technique, there is a reduction in the duration and cost of treatment, without any compromise in quality of the prosthesis.

The python aortic arch.

Aortic arch anomalies are rare congenital cardiovascular malformations. We present a case of a 9-year-old asymptomatic boy with an unusual, unknown arch anomaly.

A modified technique for single-step border molding.

The sectional and the single-step are techniques for border molding. Even though the sectional technique is routinely taught in dental schools in the United States, and is followed by a large number of general dental practitioners, it is not without disadvantages. Common problems associated with the sectional technique include its time-consuming nature and the difficulty in mastering it because of the short manipulation time of the impression compound modeling plastic. Single-step border molding, however, presents advantages; for example, fewer insertions of the tray for border molding are necessary, and development of all borders simultaneously avoids the propagation of error. This article presents a simplified technique for performing single-step border molding using visible light-polymerizing tray material.

Meandering pulmonary veins mimicking scimitar syndrome.

Scimitar or pulmonary venolobar syndrome, a rare pulmonary anomaly, consists basically of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the right lung to the inferior caval vein, anomalous systemic arterial supply to the right lower lobe from the descending aorta, hypoplasia of the right lung, and dextroposed heart. We present a rare case with constellation of all these findings of scimitar syndrome, but with the aberrant pulmonary vein draining into the left atrium.

Fabrication of complete dentures in three visits using existing prosthesis-a simplified technique for geriatric patients.

Complete edentulism often limits patients' ability to masticate and perform other oral functions, resulting in a reduction of oral-health-related quality of life. Although the two-implant mandibular overdenture may be considered as a minimum standard of treatment of complete edentulism, patients often prefer conventional complete dentures due to cost and surgical procedures related to implant supported dentures. Many complete denture patients may have limited access to dental care due to socioeconomic or health issues, hence there is a need in simplification of complete denture fabrication. Researchers have proposed "simplified" techniques to fabricate complete dentures by eliminating two stage impression procedures facebow transfer, and articulator programming, with impressive initial results. However, long-term clinical data of these techniques is unavailable. A novel technique for fabricating simplified complete dentures in three visits, using patient's existing dentures is presented here. Unlike previously described techniques on "simplified" dentures, this technique does not eliminate vital steps such as border-molded impressions, facebow transfer, verification of centric relations during try-in, programming of the articulator, and balancing procedures.

A Case of Giant Right Atrial Aneurysm in a Child.

Giant right atrial aneurysm is a rare entity in infants and children. It needs to be distinguished from an atrial diverticulum, which can have similar presentation. Generally, an incidental finding in children, it can present with varied symptoms. We report a case of a giant right atrial aneurysm in an asymptomatic child with a large clot in the dilated right atrium, who underwent successful resection of the atrial aneurysm.

Antioxidative Metabolites Synthesized by Marine Pigmented Vibrio sp. and Its Protection on Oxidative Deterioration of Membrane Lipids.

Bacterial strain Vibrio sp. (PIGB 184) isolated from water samples of the Arabian Sea and identified through 16S rRNA demonstrated the production of pigmentary antioxidants with higher ABTS activities 90.9 ± 0.42 % in comparison with the standard commercial pigmented antioxidant, quercetin 88.8 ± 1.4 %. Antioxidative metabolites of this strain substantially inhibit the lipid peroxidation (LPO) reactions tested in sheep liver and brain. The antioxidant compounds produced by the Vibrio sp. (PIGB 184), analysed by GC-MS, reveals that it is composed mostly of phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione,hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl). The interrelationship assessed between LPO and the phenolic compounds showed significant correlation with anti-LPO properties (R (2) = 0.9698 to 0.9861). These compounds are responsible for obstruction of harmful radical associated biochemical reactions in biological systems. Pigmented metabolites also tested for attributive biological properties against pathogenic bacteria showed prominent inhibition towards Gram-positive organisms (31.25 to 62.5 µg ml(-1)). From this study, it may be suggested that the marine bacterium PIGB 184 could be used as a potential bio-resource for antioxidants and needs to be worked out for mass production.

Epiphytic marine pigmented bacteria: A prospective source of natural antioxidants.

Awareness on antioxidants and its significance in human healthcare has increased many folds in recent time. Increased demand requisite on welcoming newer and alternative resources for natural antioxidants. Seaweed associated pigmented bacteria screened for its antioxidant potentials reveals 55.5% of the organisms were able to synthesize antioxidant compounds. DPPH assay showed 20% of the organisms to reach a antioxidant zone of 1 cm and 8.3% of the strains more than 3 cm. Pseudomonas koreensis (JX915782) a Sargassum associated yellowish brown pigmented bacteria have better activity than known commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) against DPPH scavenging. Serratia rubidaea (JX915783), an associate of Ulva sp. and Pseudomonas argentinensis (JX915781) an epiphyte of Chaetomorpha media , were also contributed significantly towards ABTS (7.2% ± 0.03 to 15.2 ± 0.09%; 1.8% ± 0.01 to 15.7 ± 0.22%) and FRAP (1.81 ± 0.01 to 9.35 ± 0.98; 7.97 ± 0.12 to 18.70 ± 1.84 µg/mL of AsA Eq.) respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed bacteria that have higher antioxidant activity belongs to a bacterial class Gammaproteobacteria. Statistical analysis of phenolic contents in relation with other parameters like DPPH, ABTS, reducing power and FRAP are well correlated (p < 0.05). Results obtained from the current study inferred that the seaweed associated pigmented bacteria have enormous potential on antioxidant compounds and need to be extracted in a larger way for clinical applications.

Epiphytic marine pigmented bacteria: A prospective source of natural antioxidants

Awareness on antioxidants and its significance in human healthcare has increased many folds in recent time. Increased demand requisite on welcoming newer and alternative resources for natural antioxidants. Seaweed associated pigmented bacteria screened for its antioxidant potentials reveals 55.5% of the organisms were able to synthesize antioxidant compounds. DPPH assay showed 20% of the organisms to reach a antioxidant zone of 1 cm and 8.3% of the strains more than 3 cm. Pseudomonas koreensis (JX915782) a Sargassum associated yellowish brown pigmented bacteria have better activity than known commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) against DPPH scavenging. Serratia rubidaea (JX915783), an associate of Ulva sp. and Pseudomonas argentinensis (JX915781) an epiphyte of Chaetomorpha media, were also contributed significantly towards ABTS (7.2% ± 0.03 to 15.2 ± 0.09%; 1.8% ± 0.01 to 15.7 ± 0.22%) and FRAP (1.81 ± 0.01 to 9.35 ± 0.98; 7.97 ± 0.12 to 18.70 ± 1.84 μg/mL of AsA Eq.) respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed bacteria that have higher antioxidant activity belongs to a bacterial class Gammaproteobacteria. Statistical analysis of phenolic contents in relation with other parameters like DPPH, ABTS, reducing power and FRAP are well correlated (p < 0.05). Results obtained from the current study inferred that the seaweed associated pigmented bacteria have enormous potential on antioxidant compounds and need to be extracted in a larger way for clinical applications.