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Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of resistin(RETN)gene and metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients in middle and high altitude areas.Methods A total of 400 patients with T2DM in Qinghai area were recruited and divided into simple T2DM group(T2DM,n=200)and T2DM combined with MAFLD group(T2DM+ MAFLD,n=200)according to liver ultrasonography.Healthy individuals confirmed by physical examination were selected as the normal control group(NC,n=180).Plasma resistin levels were measured by ELISA.The polymorphism of RETN-420C/G and +299G/A genes were detected by PCR sequencing.Results By comparing the polymorphism of RETN-420C/G gene in each group,it was found that the frequencies of G/G genotype and G allele frequency in T2DM+MAFLD group were higher than those in NC group and T2DM group(P<0.05),while the frequencies of C/C genotype and C allele frequency were lower than those in NC group and T2DM group(P<0.05).The risk of MAFLD increased by 1.571,2.126 and 1.537 times respectively in T2DM patients with C/G,G/G genotype and G allele.Logistic regression analysis showed that G/G genotype was a risk factor for MAFLD in T2DM patients.By comparing the polymorphism of RETN+299G/A gene in each group,it was found that A allele frequency in T2DM+MAFLD group was higher than that in NC group and T2DM group,while G allele frequency was lower than that in NC group and T2DM group(P<0.05).The allele A increased the risk of MAFLD in T2DM patients by 1.432 times compared to allele G.Conclusion RETN gene-420C/G locus G/G genotype increases the risk of T2DM combined with MAFLD in middle and high altitudeareas.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the significance of changes of serum adiponectin and testosterone levels in old male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods A total of 122 male patients(more than 60 years old)were enrolled into this study,T2DM patients without CHD(T2DM group,n =40);T2DM patients with CHD (CHD group,n=38);control group(n=44,44 cases of physical healthy men over the age of 60 in Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from November 2014 to September 2015).The serum of fasting blood-glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc) and blood lipid were detected by Roche cobas 800 full automatic biochemical analyzer,the serum concentration of testosterone(T) was determined by the chemiluminesent immunoassay,serum adiponectin(APN)levels were determined by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,the serum insulin(FINS)levels were evaluated by chemiluminescence method,according to the steady-state model evaluation method for calculation of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),the difference among the three sets of the above indexes indicators were compared,and the correlation between APN and other indicators above were analyzed.Results Compared with control group,the serum T and APN levels in the T2DM group and CHD group were significantly decrease,and the CHD group was the most obviously (P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the FPG,FINS,triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels in T2DM group and CHD group were apparently higher,and the CHD group was the most obviously (P＜ 0.05).The serum adiponectin was negative correlated with TG (r=-0.363),LDL-C(r=-0.417),HOMA-IR(r =-0.602),while positively correlated with HDL-C(r=0.485),T(r=0.624).The serum T was negative correlated with LDL-C(r=-0.457),HOMA-IR(r-0.643),while positively correlated with HDL-C(r=0.478),P＜0.05.Conclusion The level of the serum APN and the serumtin T2DM patients with CHD are significantly lower than the patients without CHD,the serum adiponectin and the serum testosterone may promote the development of T2DM with CHD.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the association between gene polymorphism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) in Qinghai Han population.Methods Ninety cases of Graves disease were selected from June 2011 to February 2014 in The People's Hospital of Qinghai Province,and the 90 patients were divided into two subgroups according to GO (49 cases) and GD without GO(41 cases).Then the genotype and allele of CTLA-4 exon 1 (+ 49A/G) were detected in surum by the method of polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results The distribution of CTLA-4 exon 1 (+ 49 A/G) genotype frequencies (AA,AG,GG) was not different between GO and GD without GO subgroups [4.1％ (2/49) to 7.3％ (3/41),44.9％ (22/49) to 61.0％ (25/41),51.0％ (25/49) to 31.7％ (13/41),Fisher exact probability,P =0.180 ＞ 0.05]; the distribution of CTLA-4 exon 1 (+ 49A/G) allele frequencies (A,G) was not different between GO and GD without GO subgroups [26.5％ (26/98) to 37.8％ (31/82),73.5％ (72/98) to 62.2％ (51/ 82),x2 =2.622,P＞ 0.05].Conclusion CTLA-4 gene exon 1 (+ 49A/G) may not be a candidate susceptibility gene for Qinghai Han GO.