ABSTRACT
Objetivos: El Rivermead Behaviou al Memory Test (RBMT) es una batería ecológica breve que permite predecir el funcionamiento mnésico del sujeto en la vida diaria. Evaluamos mediante el RBMT el funcionamiento mnésico en la vida diaria, de pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL), enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y sujetos sanos, así como las diferencias entre perfiles mnésicos de los sujetos DCL estables al año y los que progresarán a EA. Pacientes y métodos: Muestra de 91 sujetos con 60 o más años, 30 controles, 27 DCL y 34 pacientes con EA. Se evalúa a los sujetos mediante MMSE y RBMT. Resultados: Cuarenta hombres y 51 mujeres, con edad y escolaridad media de 74,29 ± 6,71 y 5,87 ± 2,93 años, respectivamente. En las puntuaciones totales, perfil y global del RBMT (p < 0,001) y del MMSE (p < 0,05), los sujetos control puntúan significativamente más alto que los DCL y estos que los EA. En todos los subtest, los controles (p < 0,001) y DCL (p < 0,05) se diferencian de la EA. Subtest prospectivos, retrospectivos y de orientación diferencian al grupo control del DCL (p < 0,05). Los sujetos DCL que progresan a EA puntúan más bajo en la exploración inicial en las puntuaciones totales del RBMT, MMSE y en el recuerdo del nombre, objeto personal, recuerdo inmediato de la historia, recuerdo diferido del recorrido y orientación (p < 0,05), reconocimiento de dibujos, recuerdo diferido de la historia y del mensaje (p < 0,01). Conclusiones: RBMT es una prueba ecológica de memoria episódica útil para diferenciar entre sí sujetos controles/DCL/EA, que además permite detectar a los pacientes con DCL que progresan a EA
Introduction: The Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) is a short, ecologically-valid memory test battery that can provide data about a subject's memory function in daily life. We used RBMT to examine daily memory function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer disease (AD), and in healthy controls. We also evaluated differences between the memory profiles of subjects whose MCI remained stable after 1 year and those with conversion to AD. Patients and methods: Sample of 91 subjects older than 60 years: 30 controls, 27 MCI subjects and 34 AD patients. Subjects were assessed using MMSE and RBMT. Results: The 40 men and 51 women in the sample had a mean age of 74.29 ± 6.71 and 5.87 ± 2.93 years of education. For the total profile and screening RBMT scores (P < .001) and total MMSE scores (P < .05), control subjects scored significantly higher than those with MCI, who in turn scored higher than AD patients. In all subtests, the control group (P < .001) and MCI group (P<.05) were distinguishable from the AD group. Prospective, retrospective, and orientation subtests found differences between the MCI and control groups (P < .05). MCI subjects who progressed to AD scored lower at baseline on the total RBMT and MMSE, and on name recall, belongings, story - immediate recall, route - delayed recall, orientation (P < .05), face recognition, story - delayed recall, and messages - delayed recall sections (P < .01). Conclusions: RBMT is an ecologically-valid episodic memory test that can be used to differentiate between controls, MCI subjects, and AD subjects. It can also be used to detect patients with MCI who will experience progression to AD
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Neuropsychological Tests , Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Dementia/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) is a short, ecologically-valid memory test battery that can provide data about a subject's memory function in daily life. We used RBMT to examine daily memory function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer disease (AD), and in healthy controls. We also evaluated differences between the memory profiles of subjects whose MCI remained stable after 1 year and those with conversion to AD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sample of 91 subjects older than 60 years: 30 controls, 27 MCI subjects and 34 AD patients. Subjects were assessed using MMSE and RBMT. RESULTS: The 40 men and 51 women in the sample had a mean age of 74.29±6.71 and 5.87±2.93 years of education. For the total profile and screening RBMT scores (P<.001) and total MMSE scores (P<.05), control subjects scored significantly higher than those with MCI, who in turn scored higher than AD patients. In all subtests, the control group (P<.001) and MCI group (P<.05) were distinguishable from the AD group. Prospective, retrospective, and orientation subtests found differences between the MCI and control groups (P<.05). MCI subjects who progressed to AD scored lower at baseline on the total RBMT and MMSE, and on name recall, belongings, story-immediate recall, route-delayed recall, orientation (P<.05), face recognition, story-delayed recall, and messages-delayed recall sections (P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: RBMT is an ecologically-valid episodic memory test that can be used to differentiate between controls, MCI subjects, and AD subjects. It can also be used to detect patients with MCI who will experience progression to AD.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Neuropsychological Tests , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Case-Control Studies , Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Male , Memory, Episodic , Mental Recall , Middle Aged , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
El presente trabajo presenta una batería o conjunto de pruebas que se han elaborado con la finalidad de poder evaluar el deterioro de la memoria semántica y/o conceptual en pacientes con Alzheimer. Más en concreto, pretende evaluar el conocimiento de determinadas categorías semánticas referentes a seres vivos/animados y seres vivos/objetos, así como los atributos o características que las estructuran y organizan. En este artículo se describen minuciosamente las ocho pruebas que componen dicha batería, explicando de cada una de ellas no sólo su estructura, composición y forma de aplicación, sino también los supuestos teórico-conceptuales que les sirven de soporte. Las pruebas evalúan fluidez de ejemplares de categorías, definición, denominación, reconocimiento de atributos, emparejamiento palabra-oída/dibujo, verificación de la verdad o falsedad de enunciados, analogías y clasificación. Para finalizar se describen los resultados de los análisis factoriales que se han llevado a cabo con los resultados obtenidos a partir de una muestra de 75 sujetos (30 controles y 45 Alzheimer) y se evalúa la validez de constructo de esta batería que mide lo que pretender medir: conocimiento léxico-semántico de categorías naturales y de objetos (AU)
The current work presents a battery or series of tests that were elaborated with the aim of assessing the deterioration of the semantic and/or conceptual memory in patients with Alzheimers disease. Specifically, our aim is to evaluate the knowledge of certain semantic categories, concerning to living/animated beings and inanimate beings/objects, as well as the attributes or characteristics that structure and organize them. In this article, the eight tests that make up the battery are described in detail, explaining not only their structure, composition, and administration, but also the theoretical-conceptual assumptions that support them. The tests evaluate fluidity of category exemplars, definition, denomination, attribute recognition, matching pictures-spoken words, true-or-false sentence verification, analogies, and classification. Finally, the results of the factor analyses performed out on the data obtained from a sample of 75 subjects (30 control and 45 Alzheimer patients) are described, and the construct validity of this battery, that measures what it is supposed to measure semantic-lexical knowledge of natural categories and of objects is evaluated (AU)
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Memory/physiology , Semantic Differential/statistics & numerical data , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Case-Control Studies , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Frail Elderly/psychology , Psychological Tests/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Most work on acquisition of lexical meaning in developmental psycholinguistics is based on the idea of the relevance of the adult model, which is generally described in relation to certain theoretical semantic analyses. Up to the present, adult behavior itself has not been examined and its validity as a model for children has been taken for granted. This paper analyzes the knowledge of spatial terms, namely dimensional terms, shown by a group of 20 adults. The results show that the adult subjects used in our study--supposedly linguistically competent--committed errors, significantly varying their strategies for naming dimensions from one case to another, and showing a lack of consistency between them. The results are discussed in terms of assumed theoretical validity with regard to theoretical semantic analysis, as well as the methods of research about the acquisition of lexical meaning.
