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1.
Rev Paul Pediatr ; 39: e2019380, 2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33440405

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association of anthropometric parameters at birth, socioeconomic and biological variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status with overweight and abdominal obesity in adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 39 public and private schools in Recife (state of Pernambuco, Brazil). The sample consisted of 1,081 teenagers aged from 12 to 17 years. Data were collected from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Body mass index according to age (BMI-for-age), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) were considered as outcome variables, whereas the explanatory variables were birth weight, Röhrer's Ponderal Index (RPI), biological and socioeconomic variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for the studied association were estimated by Poisson Regression. RESULTS: The multivariate Poisson regression showed that the variable that remained significantly associated with overweight in adolescence was maternal overweight, PR=1.86 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.09-3.17). High birth weight also remained significantly associated with abdominal obesity assessed by WC, PR=3.25 (95%CI 1.0-9.74). CONCLUSIONS: High birth weight may be a marker for abdominal obesity in adolescence; and high maternal BMI, for overweight.


Subject(s)
Birth Weight , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Adolescent , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise , Female , Humans , Male , Mothers , Overweight/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors
2.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155469

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the association of anthropometric parameters at birth, socioeconomic and biological variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status with overweight and abdominal obesity in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 39 public and private schools in Recife (state of Pernambuco, Brazil). The sample consisted of 1,081 teenagers aged from 12 to 17 years. Data were collected from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Body mass index according to age (BMI-for-age), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) were considered as outcome variables, whereas the explanatory variables were birth weight, Röhrer's Ponderal Index (RPI), biological and socioeconomic variables, physical activity, and parental nutritional status. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) for the studied association were estimated by Poisson Regression. Results: The multivariate Poisson regression showed that the variable that remained significantly associated with overweight in adolescence was maternal overweight, PR=1.86 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.09-3.17). High birth weight also remained significantly associated with abdominal obesity assessed by WC, PR=3.25 (95%CI 1.0-9.74). Conclusions: High birth weight may be a marker for abdominal obesity in adolescence; and high maternal BMI, for overweight.


RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação de parâmetros antropométricos ao nascer, variáveis socioeconômicas e biológicas, atividade física e estado nutricional parental com excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal de adolescentes. Métodos: Este estudo transversal foi realizado em 39 escolas públicas e privadas de Recife (PE). A amostra consistiu em 1.081 adolescentes entre 12 e 17 anos de idade, provenientes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA). Estabeleceram-se como variáveis de desfecho o índice de massa corpórea para a idade (IMC/I), a circunferência da cintura (CC) e a relação cintura/estatura (RCEst), enquanto as explanatórias foram o peso ao nascer, o índice ponderal de Röhrer (IPR), as variáveis biológicas e socioeconômicas, a atividade física e o estado nutricional dos pais. Estimaram-se as razões de prevalência (RP) brutas e ajustadas para as associações estudadas pela regressão de Poisson. Resultados: A regressão multivariada de Poisson mostrou que a variável mantida como significantemente associada ao excesso de peso na adolescência foi o excesso de peso materno, RP=1,86 (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 1,09-3,17). O peso elevado ao nascer também permaneceu bastante associado à obesidade abdominal avaliada pela CC, RP=3,25 (IC95% 1,08-9,74). Conclusões: O peso elevado ao nascer constituiu marcador para a obesidade abdominal na adolescência; e o IMC materno elevado, para o excesso de peso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Birth Weight , Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Exercise , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Overweight/epidemiology , Mothers
3.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 39(1): 83-92, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | IBECS | ID: ibc-184191

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Diversas condições interferem na terapia nutricional em pacientes gravemente doentes. Pacientes em estado crítico que não recebem a terapia nutricional adequada são mais suscetíveis a complicações infecciosas e podem apresentar maior tempo de ventilação mecânica, maior permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva e maiores taxas de mortalidade. Objetivo: Avaliar a adequação da terapia nutricional enteral nas unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário de Pernambuco. Metodologia: Estudo prospectivo observacional realizado em pacientes adultos e idosos, de ambos os sexos, internados nas unidades de terpaia intensiva em um hospital universitário de Pernambuco. A adequação nutricional foi estimada através da relação percentual entre o volume de dieta prescrito e o administrado, onde foi considerado como ideal uma porcentagem maior que 80%. Com vistas a conhecer os possíveis fatores associados à inadequação nutricional, foi comparado o grupo de pacientes que recebeu < 80% do volume prescrito ao que recebeu ≥ 80%. Aplicaram-se os indicadores de qualidade em terapia nutricional. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 71 pacientes, 57,7% homens e 60,6% idosos. Houve associação entre a adequação nutricional e melhor desfecho clínico (p=0,004) e nutrição enteral precoce (p=0,047). A inadequação nutricional associou-se ao uso de droga vasoativa (p=0,027) e presença de jejum > 24 horas (p<0,001). As causas mais frequentemente relacionadas com a interrupção da dieta foram as complicações gastrointestinais. Os indicadores: frequência da estimativa das necessidades nutricionais, diarreia, hipoglicemia e saída inadvertida da sonda nasoenteral ficaram dentro da meta estabelecida. Conclusão: A oferta inferior a 80% das necessidades nutricionais se associou a um pior desfecho clínico, sendo influenciada pela nutrição enteral tardia, uso de drogas vasoativas e jejum maior que 24 horas. A aplicação dos indicadores de qualidade em terapia nutricional favoreceu uma melhor adequação nutricional aos pacientes gravemente doentes


Introduction: Several conditions interfere with nutritional therapy in critically ill patients. Critically ill patients who do not receive adequate nutritional therapy are more susceptible to infectious complications and may have longer mechanical ventilation, longer intensive care unit stay, and higher mortality rates. Objective: To evaluate the adequacy of enteral nutritional therapy in the intensive care unit of a university hospital in Pernambuco. Methods: Prospective observational study conducted in adults and elderly patients, of both sexes, in the intensive care unit of a University Hospital of Pernambuco. The adequacy of the prescribed diet and the volume administered was estimated by the percentage ratio, which was regarded as ideal a higher percentage than 80%. In order to know the possible factors associated with nutritional inadequacy, the group of patients was compared to received <80% of the prescribed amount, the group of patients who received ≥ 80%. They applied to the quality indicators. Results: The sample consisted of 71 patients, 57.7% men and 60.6% elderly. There was an association between nutritional adequacy and better clinical outcome (p = 0.004) and enteral nutrition early (p = 0.047). The nutritional inadequacy was associated with the use of vasoactive drugs (p = 0.027) and the presence of fasting> 24 hours (p <0.001). The causes most frequently related to the discontinuation of the diet were gastrointestinal complications. Indicators: frequency of the estimated nutritional needs, diarrhea, hypoglycemia and inadvertent output of nasogastric tube were within the established target. Conclusion: The offer less than 80% of nutritional requirements is associated with a poor clinical outcome and being influenced by the late enteral nutrition, use of vasoactive drugs and greater than 24 hours fasting. The application of quality indicators in nutritional therapy promotes better nutritional adequacy to intensive care unit patients


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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Critical Care/methods , Nutrition Therapy/methods , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Outcome , Critical Illness/therapy , Prospective Studies , Diarrhea/diet therapy
4.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 37(4): 53-59, 2017.
Article in Portuguese | IBECS | ID: ibc-171048

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As comorbidades atreladas ao dano hepático surgem tardiamente, estando a desnutrição presente entre 10 e 100% dos pacientes, sendo o estado nutricional reconhecido como fator prognóstico. Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância entre avaliação subjetiva global e métodos funcionais na avaliação nutricional de pacientes com doença hepática crônica. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado nas enfermarias de clínica médica, gastroenterologia e cirurgia geral/transplante hepático do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Recife - Pernambuco, de abril à setembro/2015, com adultos e idosos de ambos os sexos, hospitalizados. Realizada a avaliação subjetiva global e, para avaliação funcional, a força de preensão palmar e espessura do músculo adutor do polegar. Realizados os testes Exato de Fisher, Anova e Tukey. Resultados: 101 indivíduos avaliados. 51,5% mulheres; Idade média de 59,2 ± 11 anos, com predomínio de idosos (52,5%). A etiologia por esquistossomose foi maioria (47,5%). A força de preensão palmar e espessura do músculo adutor do polegar apresentaram média de 18,54 ± 9,31 kg/F e 15,66 ± 4,08mm, respectivamente, inferiores à referência para sadios e hepatopatas em acompanhamento ambulatorial; Distúrbios gastrointestinais ocorreram em 92% e ascite em 85%. Detectada maior prevalência de desnutrição pela avaliação subjetiva global, seguida da força de preensão palmar e espessura do músculo adutor do polegar (95%, 89,1% e 13,9%, respectivamente). Observados baixos níveis de concordância entre os três métodos. Conclusão: O diagnóstico nutricional foi discrepante entre os métodos. A avaliação subjetiva global foi superior à força de preensão palmar e espessura do músculo adutor do polegar na detecção de desnutrição. Portanto, a avaliação subjetiva global é um instrumento que pode ser utilizado a nível hospitalar para avaliação do estado nutricional de hepatopatas crónicos (AU)


Introduction: Comorbidities emerge late in individuals with liver damage and malnutrition is found in 10 to 100% of such patients. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the level of agreement between a subjective global assessment and functional methods for the nutritional evaluation of patients with chronic liver disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between April and September 2015 involving hospitalized male and female adults and elderly individuals with chronic liver disease. The subjective global assessment was compared to functional methods (grip strength and thumb adductor thickness) using Fisher's exact test, ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results: One hundred one individuals were analyzed (51.5% female; mean age: 59.2 ± 11 years; 52.5% elderly). The most common etiology was schistosomiasis (47.5%). Mean grip strength and thumb adductor thickness were 18.54 ± 9.31 kg/F and 15.66 ± 4.08 mm, respectively, which were lower than reference values for healthy individuals and patients with liver disease in outpatient follow up. Gastrointestinal disorders were found in 92% and ascites was found in 85%. The prevalence of malnutrition was 95%, 89.1% and 13.9% based on the subjective global assessment, grip strength and thumb adductor thickness, respectively. Low levels of agreement were found among the three methods. Conclusion: Divergences were found among the methods employed for a nutritional evaluation. The detection of malnutrition was higher when using the subjective global assessment rather than grip strength and thumb adductor thickness. Thus, the subjective global assessment can be used in the hospital setting for the evaluation of nutritional status in patients with chronic liver disease (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Liver Diseases/diet therapy , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Nutrition Assessment , Muscle Strength , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Analysis of Variance
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