ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of monkeypox (MPX) in Brazil, from the identification of the first case, on June 7, 2022, to Epidemiological Week (EW) 39, ending on October 1, 2022. METHODS: this was a descriptive study of cases notified to the Ministry of Health; trends were analyzed based on the number of confirmed and probable cases per EW; the cases were also described according to demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: out of 31,513 notifications, 23.8% were confirmed; 91.8% were male; 70.6% were cis men; and median age was 32 years. Fever (58.0%), adenomegaly (42.4%), headache (39.9%) and rash (37.0%) were the most frequent symptoms; 27.5% reported being immunosuppressed, 34.6% were living with HIV and 10.5% had a sexually transmitted infection; three deaths were recorded. CONCLUSION: the MPX case profile was similar to that of other countries; surveillance actions must be strengthened to control the outbreak.
Subject(s)
Exanthema , Mpox (monkeypox) , Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Mpox (monkeypox)/diagnosis , Mpox (monkeypox)/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Brazil/epidemiology , Disease OutbreaksABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The credibility of a study and its internal and external validity depend crucially on the quality of the data produced. An in-depth knowledge of quality control processes is essential as large and integrative epidemiological studies are increasingly prioritized. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the stages of quality control in the POP-Brazil study and to present an analysis of the quality indicators. METHODS: Quality assurance and control were initiated with the planning of this nationwide, multicentric study and continued through the development of the project. All quality control protocol strategies, such as training, protocol implementation, audits, and inspection, were discussed one by one. We highlight the importance of conducting a pilot study that provides the researcher the opportunity to refine or modify the research methodology and validating the results through double data entry, test-retest, and analysis of nonresponse rates. RESULTS: This cross-sectional, nationwide, multicentric study recruited 8628 sexually active young adults (16-25 years old) in 119 public health units between September 2016 and November 2017. The Human Research Ethics Committee of the Moinhos de Vento Hospital approved this project. CONCLUSIONS: Quality control processes are a continuum, not restricted to a single event, and are fundamental to the success of data integrity and the minimization of bias in epidemiological studies. The quality control steps described can be used as a guide to implement evidence-based, valid, reliable, and useful procedures in most observational studies to ensure data integrity. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/31365.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: descrever características epidemiológicas e clínicas da monkeypox (MPX) no Brasil desde a identificação do primeiro caso, em 7 de junho de 2022, até a semana epidemiológica (SE) 39, encerrada em 1º de outubro de 2022. Métodos: estudo descritivo dos casos notificados ao Ministério da Saúde; as tendências foram analisadas sobre o número de casos confirmados e prováveis, por SE; os casos foram descritos segundo variáveis demográficas e variáveis clínicas. Resultados: das 33.513 notificações, 23,8% foram confirmadas, 91,8% eram do sexo masculino e 70,6% de homens cis com idade mediana de 32 anos; febre (58,0%), adenomegalia (42,4%), cefaleia (39,9%) e erupções (37,0%) foram os sintomas mais frequentes; 27,5% declararam ser imunossuprimidos, 34,6% viviam com HIV e 10,5% possuíam infecção sexualmente transmissível; três óbitos foram registrados. Conclusão: o perfil de casos de MPX foi semelhante ao de outros países; ações de vigilância devem ser reforçadas para o controle do surto.
Objetivo: Describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de la viruela del mono (MPX) en Brasil, desde la identificación del primer caso, el 7 de junio de 2022, hasta la semana epidemiológica (SE) 39, finalizando el 1° de octubre de 2022. Métodos: Las tendencias de los casos notificados al Ministerio de Salud se analizaron como el número de casos notificados confirmados y probables, por SE. Los casos se describieron según variables demográficas y clínicas. Resultados: se confirmaron 33.513 notificaciones un 23,8%; 91,8% del sexo masculino; un 70,6% de hombres cis; con edad promedio de 32 años. Fiebre (58,0%), adenomegalia (42,4%), cefalea (39,9%) y exantema (37,0%) fueron los síntomas más frecuentes. Un 27,5% declaró estar inmunodeprimido, 34,6% vivía con VIH y 10,5% tenía alguna infección de transmisión sexual. Se registraron 3 muertes. Conclusión: El perfil de los casos MPX fue similar al de otros países. Se deben reforzar las acciones de vigilancia para controlar el brote.
Objective: to describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of monkeypox (MPX) in Brazil, from the identification of the first case, on June 7, 2022, to Epidemiological Week (EW) 39, ending on October 1, 2022. Methods: this was a descriptive study of cases notified to the Ministry of Health; trends were analyzed based on the number of confirmed and probable cases per EW; the cases were also described according to demographic and clinical variables. Results: out of 31,513 notifications, 23.8% were confirmed; 91.8% were male; 70.6% were cis men; and median age was 32 years. Fever (58.0%), adenomegaly (42.4%), headache (39.9%) and rash (37.0%) were the most frequent symptoms; 27.5% reported being immunosuppressed, 34.6% were living with HIV and 10.5% had a sexually transmitted infection; three deaths were recorded. Conclusion: the MPX case profile was similar to that of other countries; surveillance actions must be strengthened to control the outbreak.
