ABSTRACT
Azospirillum brasilense is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium living in association with plant roots. The genome of the strain Sp245, isolated in Brazil from wheat roots, consists of one chromosome and six plasmids. In this work, the A. brasilense Sp245 plasmids were analyzed in order to shed some light on the evolutionary pathways they followed over time. To this purpose, a similarity network approach was applied in order to identify the evolutionary relationships among all the A. brasilense plasmids encoded proteins; in this context a computational pipeline specifically devoted to the analysis and the visualization of the network-like evolutionary relationships among different plasmids molecules was developed. This information was supplemented with a detailed (in silico) functional characterization of both the connected (i.e., sharing homology with other sequences in the dataset) and the unconnected (i.e., not sharing homology) components of the network. Furthermore, the most likely source organism for each of the genes encoded by A. brasilense plasmids was checked, allowing the identification of possible trends of gene loss/gain in this microorganism. Data obtained provided a detailed description of the evolutionary landscape of the plasmids of A. brasilense Sp245, suggesting some of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the present-day structure of these molecules.
ABSTRACT
Data from a published double-blind randomized trial comparing olanzapine versus haloperidol in acute mania were used to address the response and tolerability of Latin American patients. Primary efficacy end point was the remission rate (Young Mania Rating Scale score Subject(s)
Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy
, Hispanic or Latino/psychology
, White People/psychology
, Acute Disease
, Aged
, Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage
, Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects
, Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use
, Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage
, Benzodiazepines/adverse effects
, Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use
, Bipolar Disorder/ethnology
, Bipolar Disorder/psychology
, Cholesterol/blood
, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
, Double-Blind Method
, Fasting/blood
, Female
, Haloperidol/administration & dosage
, Haloperidol/adverse effects
, Haloperidol/therapeutic use
, Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
, Humans
, Male
, Middle Aged
, Olanzapine
, Remission Induction
, Time Factors
, Treatment Outcome
, Weight Gain/drug effects