[Blood vessels in different systems of limb traction (experimental study)]. / Krovenosnye sosudy pri raznykh rezhimakh distraktsii konechnosti (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

In the experiments performed in 108 dogs, structure of the vascular bed, elongated by means of Ilizarov's apparatus in the extremity pelvic segment, has been studied, as well as the hemostatic system under various regimens of distraction. Under a spare regimen reorientation of the microcirculatory bed links and its neural apparatus according to the lines of tension and distension forces are revealed, as well as new formation and growth of capillaries, nerve fibers and terminals. In the vessels of the muscular type, at the level of the osseous regenerate, the following changes are described: distractive rearrangement and intercalated growth (such as activation of biosynthetic processes in endothelium, adventitium and smooth muscle (SMC) cells), intensive proliferation and longitudinal reorientation of the activated SMC in the middle tunic, in the larger arteries a powerful longitudinal muscular layer is formed between the endothelium and the internal elastic membrane. The tendency for hypercoagulation, that exists at that time, is compensated by antithrombogenic and fibrinolitic blood activity. Under an elevated rate of the distraction or under an unstable fixation of the bone fragments in the apparatus, hypercoagulation is not compensated till the end of the experiment, and in the vessels, simultaneously with the distractive rearrangement, thrombosis, recalibration and obliteration are observed. The data observed and those of the literature, demonstrate that vascular adaptation to a dosed distraction is performed by means of certain rearrangements in the walls and of intercalated growth influenced by the effect of the distension forces. These phenomenon make the base of the mechanisms developing in the organism during its evolution and ontogenesis.

[Stereological analysis of rat bone tissue after a flight on the Kosmos-1129 biosatellite]. / Stereologicheskii analiz kostnoi tkani krys posle poleta na biosputnike "Kosmos-1129".

Stereological measurements of volume fractions of 53 samples of compact and spongy structures of bones of 15 rats were carried out. The measurements were performed on cortical lamellae, trabecules and lacunae, channels of osteons and matrices of femoral, tibial and fibular bones of rats. Postflight no significant changes were seen in the above parameters as compared to the vivarium controls. During readaptation to I g a slight increase in the volume fraction of spongy bones was noted.

[Effect of cytidine and uridine on liver regeneration in rats poisoned by carbon tetrachloride]. / Vliianie tsitidina i uridina na regeneratsiiu pecheni u krys pri otravlenii chetyrekhkhloristym uglerodom.

The effect of cytidine and uridine on the reparative processes in the rat liver in experimental hepatitis induced by CCl was studied. Combined administration of uridine or cytidine with CCl4 during 7 days does not prevent the liver affection. The subsequent nucleoside treatment (up to 15 and 20 days) accelerates to a different degree the reparative processes after CCl4 withdrawal. Thus, cytidine provokes marked hypertrophy of regenerated hepatocytes accompanied by proliferation of the mesenchymal elements, not followed, however, by recovery of the conjugative and excretory liver functions. Uridine, in contrast to cytidine, promotes more rapid normalization of these functions though the organ structure regeneration is not complete.

[Physicochemical aspects of the mechanism of the mineralization of epiphyseal cartilage in enchondral osteogenesis]. / Fiziko-khimicheskie aspekty mekhanizma mineralizatsii épifizarnogo khriashcha pri énkhondral'nom osteogeneze.

Mechanism of epiphysial cartliage mineralization is considered in terms of ion exchange concepts. Chondroitin-sulfate of matrix, which is a polyelectrolyte, served as a donor od calcium ions. Pericellular zone of matrix is considered as a semipermeable membrane. The energetic basis of the process is provided by interacellular glycogenolysis in chondrocytes, entering the zone of mineralization. High concentration of glucose in lacunas of chondrocytes led to osmotic transport of water from matrix to lacunas, causing an increase in concentration of ions in free volume of the matrix. Due to ion exchange release of calcium ions occurred from the phase of polyelectrolyte into the free volume, where the state of saturation was achieved and dicalcium phosphate CaHPO4 was precipitated. Stereologic studies of epiphysial cartilage, simulation experiments and calculations corroborate the mechanism of mineralization advanced.