Analysis of dental esthetic proportions in a Spanish population sample.

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to analyze in a Spanish population sample the compliance of the anterior maxillary teeth to the dental esthetic proportions described in the literature. METHODS: Photographs of the smiles of 78 individuals were calibrated and digitally analyzed considering the following proportions: golden proportion (GP), recurring esthetic dental (RED), golden percentage (GPG), Preston's proportion and Modified golden percentage (MGPG). For statistical analysis, the t-test of an independent sample was applied, and compliance percentages for each standard were recorded. RESULTS: The existence of RED 70% or 80% has not been registered. The percentages of compliance with GP were within a range between 0% and 16%. The mean tooth width ratios were adjusted to the values described by Preston (P > 0.05), but the compliance percentages were low (3.33-25%). GPG only presented high percentages of compliance in the lateral incisors (53.33-62.5%). MGPG showed the highest percentages of compliance (50-68%). CONCLUSION: After analyzing a Spanish population sample using smile photographs for the first time, GP, RED, GPG and Preston's proportion standards are not fulfilled and therefore, not suitable for treatments that seek a smile that reproduces natural principles. However, the values designated by MGPG with a deviation of ±1% are largely applicable for treatments that aim for a natural smile.

Papel de las citoquinas en la patogénesis de las enfermedades de la articulación temporomandibular / No disponible

Las citoquinas son sustancias de tipo proteico o glucoproteíco, sintetizadas por numerosos tipos celulares (principalmente por los leucocitos), que sirven de mediadores químicos intercelulares, activando diversas funciones específicas. En el pasado hubo cierta confusión en su denominación, las primeras que se descubrieron, fueron a partir de leucocitos se denominaron “interleuquinas”, aunque otras células también las produzcan. La acción de las citoquinas se produce al unirse a receptores específicos en la célula diana. Las citoquinas tienen un papel importante en la inflamación y destrucción articular producidaen la artrosis y en la artritis reumatoidea. Diversos estudios sugieren que estos efectos de las citoquinas están mediados por la inducción que producen en algunas células a liberar enzimas que dañan los tejidos. El efecto biológico de una sola o varias citoquinas sobre una célula o tejido puede ser muy diferente. Estudiaremos cuales son y que efecto tienen sobre los tejidos que componen la articulación temporomandibular, y si se puede relacionar con los estadios clínicos de las enfermedades de la articulación temporomandibular (AU)

The cytokines are substances of protein or glycoprotein type, synthesized by numerous cellular types (principally for the leukocytes)that serve of mediators chemical intercellular, activating diverse specific functions. In the past there was certain confusion in their denomination, the first ones that were discovered, were finding from leukocytes they were denominated “interleukins”, although other cells also produce them. The action of the cytokines takes place when uniting to specific receivers in the cell reveille. Thecytokines has an important paper in the inflammation and destruction to articulate taken place in the arthrosis and in the rheumatoid arthritis. Diverse studies suggest that these properties of the cytokines are mediated by the induction that they take place in some cells to liberate enzymes that damage the tissues. The biological effect of a single cytokine or multiple cytokines on a cellor tissue can be very different. We will study which are and that effect has on the different tissues that compose the temporomandibular joint, and if it can be related with the clinical stadiums of the illnesses of the temporomandibular joint (AU)

Method of help for the diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint internal derangements. Discriminant analysis applied to the temporomandibular derangements.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to find an objective method of help for the clinician in the diagnosis of the pathology of the temporomandibular joint, different of the image methods habitually utilized until this moment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study is based initially on the data obtained of a sample of 1164 patients with symptoms and/or signs of pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Nine different and excluding diagnostic groups settled down, according to the classification of the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP), in collaboration with the International Headache Society (IHS). We realized magnetic resonances to the patients and were selected those that adjust to the clinical criterion and of diagnosis for the image, and could only in a diagnostic group. Finally 449 patients were selected, 390 women and 59 men. RESULTS: The results obtained (expressed in percentage of well classified cases) by means of the proposed method were: Arthrosis 98.9%, Anterior Disk Displacement with Reduction (ADDR) 87.5%, Anterior Disk Displacement without Reduction (ADD) 100%, Capsulitis 100%, Disk Immobile (DIN) 97.9%, Hypermobility Condylar (HC)95.8%, Lateral Displacement Without Reduction (LD) 100%, Pathology Muscular (PM)100%, Disk Hipomobile (DHM) 86.4%. CONCLUSION: The proposed method reaches a fine percentage of successes in the diagnosis of these processes good enough, through its effectiveness as for its cost and should be considered an alternative in the diagnosis of temporomandibular derangements.

Método de ayuda para el diagnóstico de los trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular. Análisis discriminante aplicado a los Trastornos Temporomandibulares / Method of help for the diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint internal derangements. Discriminant Analysis applied to the temporomandibular derangements

Objetivo: El propósito del estudio es encontrar un método objetivo de ayuda para el clínico en el diagnóstico de la patología de la articulación temporomandibular, diferente de los métodos de imagen habitualmente utilizados hasta este momento.Material y método:Para ello se diseño un estudio basado en los datos obtenidos inicialmente de una muestra de 1164 pacientes con síntomas y/o signos de patología de la articulación temporomandibular. Se establecieron nueve grupos diagnósticos distintos y excluyentes, según la clasificación de la Academia Americana de Dolor Orofacial (AAOP), en colaboración con la de la Sociedad Internacional de Cefalea (IHS). Se realizaron resonancias magnéticas a los pacientes y se seleccionaron aquellos que cumplían el criterio clínico y de diagnóstico por la imagen de poder ser clasificados sólo en un grupo diagnóstico, 449 pacientes resultaron entonces seleccionados, 390 mujeres y 59 hombres.Resultados:Los resultados obtenidos (expresados en porcentaje de casos bien clasificados) mediante el método propuesto fueron: Artrosis 98,9 %, Desplazamiento Anterior con Reducción del disco (DACR) 87,5 %, Desplazamiento sin Reducción del disco (DASR) 100 %, Capsulitis 100 %, Disco Inmóvil (DIN) 97.9 %, Hipermovilidad Condilar 95,8%, Desplazamiento Lateral Sin Reducción DLSR 100 %, Patología Muscular 100 %, Disco Hipomóvil 86,4 %.Conclusión:El método propuesto alcanza un porcentaje de éxitos en el diagnóstico de estos procesos suficientemente bueno como para ser considerado, tanto por su eficacia como por su costo, una alternativa a considerar

Objective: The purpose of the study is to find an objective method of help for the clinician in the diagnosis of the pathology of the temporomandibular joint, different of the image methods habitually utilized until this moment. Material and method: This study is based initially on the data obtained of a sample of 1164 patients with symptoms and/or signs of pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Nine different and excluding diagnostic groups settled down, according to the classification of the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP), in collaboration with the International Headache Society (IHS). We realized magnetic resonances to the patients and were selected those that adjust to the clinical criterion and of diagnosis for the image, and could only in a diagnostic group. Finally 449 patients were selected, 390 women and 59 men. Results: The results obtained (expressed in percentage of well classified cases) by means of the proposed method were: Arthrosis 98,9%, Anterior Disk Displacement with Reduction (ADDR) 87,5%, Anterior Disk Displacement without Reduction (ADD) 100%, Capsulitis 100%, Disk Immobile (DIN) 97.9%, Hypermobility Condylar (HC)95,8%, Lateral Displacement Without Reduction (LD) 100%, Pathology Muscular (PM)100%, Disk Hipomobile (DHM) 86,4%. Conclusion: The proposed method reaches a fine percentage of successes in the diagnosis of these processes good enough, through its effectiveness as for its cost and should be considered an alternative in the diagnosis of temporomandibular derangements (AU)