[Development of a method of studying actual nutrition according to analysis of the frequency of consumption of food products: creation of a questionnaire and general evaluation of the reliability of the method]. / Razrabotka metoda issledovaniia fakticheskogo pitaniia po analizu chastoty potrebleniia pishchevykh produktov: sozdanie voprosnika i obshchaia otsenka dostovernosti metoda.

The method of actual feeding evaluation on frequency of food-stuffs consumption was developed. The method of 24-hour reproduction of a feed and the method of consumed food registration in a diary by testing person himself. The main results of study testified to reliability of data, received by a developed method.

[Monitoring of dietary intake and nutritional status of Moscow's school children, 1992-1994. 1. Methodology of the study. Energy and nutrient intakes]. / Monitoring potrebleniia pishchi i sostoianiia pitaniia detei-shkol'nikov Moskvy v 1992-1994 gg. 1. Metodologiia issledovaniia. Potreblenie énergii i pishchevykh veshchestv.

Surveys of dietary intakes and nutritional status of schoolchildren aged 10 and 15 years in Moscow were made during a period of rapid economic transformation, 1992-1994. It was part of multicentre study of schoolchildren dietary intake evaluation sponsored by WHO/UNICEF. Information on food intake was collected using two 24-hour recall interviews. The design of study was carefully elaborated by international group of nutritional epidemiologists. There was a slight change in food pattern with age, and some differences between boys and girls of 15 years old. Nutrient intakes in the groups studied did not change significantly during the period of study. Protein contributed about 12% and fat 29-32% of the dietary energy, and total energy intake was overall on a satisfactory level. 70% of the subjects had low intake levels of vitamin B2 and calcium compared with the chosen reference values. Milk and dairy products, fruits, juices and vegetables were consumed in small quantities and relatively infrequently. The consumption of bread and bread products, porridge, confectionery, meat and meat products were consumed more frequently and in larger quantities.

[Providing with vitamins of river transport workers of the Western and Eastern Siberia and oil men of the Tyumen Region]. / Obespechennost' vitaminami rechnikov Zapadnoi i Vostochnoi Sibiri i neftianikov Tiumenskoi oblasti.

The investigation of providing with vitamins of river transport workers in Western and Eastern Siberia and of oil men in the Tyumen Region conducted in the summer period of 1984-1986 has revealed significant deficiencies of vitamins C, E, B1, B2, B6, A and carotene in them. Vitamin administration to the workers with "Undevitum" resulted in a significant improvement of their vitamin status that was expressed in elevation of their biochemical parameters and in diminution of the percentage of subjects with vitamin deficiencies.

[The vitamin B6 allowance of hypertension patients and the effect of dietotherapy]. / Obespechennost' vitaminom B6 bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu i vliianie dietoterapii.

A total of 111 patients with essential hypertension (the II stage) and obesity (the II degree) were investigated for providing with vitamin B6. The functional methods used for the vitamin assay (ACT activity of red blood cells and pyrodoxale-5-phosphate effect) have revealed significant vitamin B6 deficiency in 81.1% of the patients. Vitamin B6 deficiency was intensified in the course of the dietotherapy. Correction of vitamin B6 deficiency with a therapeutic dose of pyridoxine (20 mg/day) during 20-22 days, in the presence of the diet, has promoted optimization of providing with vitamin B6: normalization of pyrodoxale-5-phosphate effect. The hypotensive effect and decrease of excessive body mass in patients who received dietotherapy and pyridoxine (20 mg/day) were more pronounced than in those who received the same diet and the multivitamin "Undevitum".

[The hypophyseal-adrenal system in chronic alcoholism]. / Gipofizarno-nadpochechnikovaia sistema pri khronicheskom alkogolizme.

Examinations of 115 patients with chronic alcoholism have revealed significantly reduced aldosterone concentrations in all of them. Hydrocortisone concentration had a tendency to reduction. Blood serum ACTH level in chronic alcoholics depended on the stage of the disease.

[Enzyme diagnostic criteria of alcoholism]. / Enzimodiagnosticheskie kriterii alkogolizma.

Activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT) and alanine aminotransferase was determined repeatedly for 5-10 days in the blood serum of patients with Stage I-II alcoholism (n-63) and healthy subjects (n-31). Alcoholism was associated with an elevated activity of GGT and AsAT and its dynamic fluctuations in both directions due to a change in the status of the test subject. It is stated that alcoholism in the considered enzymological manifestations is a pathogenetically unstable state. The authors recommend including the measurement of these enzymes into the complex of measures for alcoholism diagnosis.

[Vitamin status of diamond cutters]. / Vitaminnyi status rabochikn, zaniatykh promyshlennoi obrabotkoi almazov.

Workers engaged in industrial treatment of diamonds manifested deficient supply of ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine and niacin in spring and autumn. This was ascertained on the basis of studying actual nutrition and specific indicators of the content of vitamins or their catabolites in the urine and blood and determination of metabolic functions of some vitamin-dependent enzymes.

[Alcoholism: enzyme diagnostic criteria of health and disease (experimental-theoretical aspect)]. / Alkoglizm: énzimodiagnosticheskie kriterii zdorov'ia i bolezni (éksperimental'no-teoreticheskii aspekt).

Sixty-three patients with Stage I and II alcoholism and 31 healthy subjects were studied over 5-10 days for the serum activity of such enzymes as gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanyl aminotransferase. It was established that determination of the activity of the serum enzymes together with the assessment of their activity fluctuations revealed by repeated analyses confirms in 70%-90% the diagnosis of alcoholism made conventionally on the basis of the symptomatological and history data.

[Principles for evaluating reactivity in the clinical picture of alcoholism and addiction during drug therapy]. / O printsipe otsenki reaktivnosti v klinike alkogolizma i toksikomanii v khode medikamentoznoi terapii.

Eighteen patients with chronic alcoholism, stages II-III were examined during tisercin treatment and medicamental interval. In patients with stage II alcoholism, perversion of the central neuronal tisercin effect was shown. Phenothiazines efficacy during abstinence period appeared to be linked with the perversion observed. Individual constant control of blood pressure, heart rate, acetylcholinesterase serum level, sleep function etc. during drug treatment is considered to be a perspective trend for an increase of toxicomania treatment efficacy.

[Diagnostic significance of disruptions in physiologic rhythms in drug addictions]. / Diagnosticheskoe znachenie narushenii fiziologicheskikh ritmov pri toksikomaniiakh.

The paper describes clinical signs in dyschronosis, appearing during the development of toxicomania (alcoholism), the consideration of which enhances the significance of diagnosis at the initial stages of the disease. The study demonstrates a temporary shift and discoordination of emotional sphere functions, general psychophysical tone, sleep, appetite and thirst. The possibility of detecting specific for toxicomania circadian changes during clinico-chronobiological studies is discussed. Such studies can promote not only diagnosis but also an understanding of the pathogenesis of drug dependence.

[Change in the level of available lysine under the action of moisture and different types of carbohydrates in the thermal processing of casein and sunflower protein products]. / Izmenenie urovnia dostupnogo lizina pod deistviem vlagi i uglevodov razlichnogo tipa pri termicheskoi obrabotke kazeina i nekotorykh belkovykh produktov podsolnechnika.

Casein, notfat seed meal and extract of the sunflower notfat seed meal were exposed to the effects of moisture, glucose, lactose and saccharose under different thermal conditions to study the degree to which the level of the available lysine falls in all of the study products under the effect of the mentioned factors. Differences in the action of the factors and conditions of technological treatment revealed by the present investigations on the biological value of the protein products justify emphasizing the importance of choosing adequate parameters for each product, together with the need for considering the complexity of physico-chemical and conformable characteristics of the product.