Sospecha clínica y estudios diagnósticos iniciales en enfermedades metabólicas hereditarias / Clinical suspicion and initial diagnostic studies in inherited metabolic diseases

Las enfermedades metabólicas hereditarias (EMH) constituyen un grupo diverso y complejo de trastornos genéticos que, aunque individualmente son poco frecuentes, en su conjunto representan una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad. Se lleva a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura con el objetivo de proporcionar información que oriente la sospecha clínica y el enfoque en los estudios diagnósticos iniciales, cuya clave reside en una anamnesis completa que abarque los antecedentes familiares y obstétricos, junto con una consideración cuidadosa de las manifestaciones clínicas del paciente. Es crucial tener en cuenta la naturaleza multisistémica de estas enfermedades que pueden manifestarse desde el periodo neonatal, generalmente como intoxicaciones agudas, hasta una presentación más insidiosa en adultos jóvenes. Si la evaluación clínica sugiere la posibilidad de una EMH, es fundamental llevar a cabo medidas de apoyo general y realizar investigaciones de laboratorio de manera simultánea. En neonatos, donde la presentación de una EMH puede representar una emergencia médica que requiere una respuesta inmediata, esta acción es especialmente crítica. El diagnóstico de las EMH representa un desafío debido a su variabilidad clínica y sintomatología heterogénea. Sin embargo, la identificación temprana de estas enfermedades es fundamental para iniciar un tratamiento oportuno y mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes.(AU)

Inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) constitute a diverse and complex group of genetic disorders that, although individually rare, collectively represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive literature review is carried out with the aim of providing information to guide clinical suspicion and the approach to initial diagnostic studies, the key of which lies in a complete medical history encompassing family and obstetric backgrounds, along with careful consideration of the patient’s clinical manifestations. It is crucial to consider the multisystemic nature of these diseases, which can manifest from the neonatal period, usually as acute intoxications, to a more insidious presentation in young adults. If clinical evaluation suggests the possibility of an IMD, it is essential to implement general supportive measures and simultaneously perform laboratory investigations. In neonates, where the presentation of an IMD can represent a medical emergency requiring an immediate response, this action is especially critical. The diagnosis of IMDs poses a challenge due to their clinical variability and heterogeneous symptomatology. However, early identification of these diseases is crucial for initiating timely treatment and improving patient prognosis.(AU)

Culturable micro-organisms in human milk were found to be associated with maternal weight, diet and age during early lactation.

AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of maternal factors on the total plate count, Staphylococci, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria populations in the milk of lactating Filipino women for the first 4 months of lactation period. METHODS AND RESULTS: Milk samples (n = 136), 24 h diet recalls and responses from a qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected from 34 healthy lactating women classified according to their BMI: underweight (n = 7), normal weight (n = 16) and overweight (n = 11). The FFQ was useful in assessing prebiotic and probiotic food items consumed by the participants. Microbial populations were enumerated using culture-plating method, and showed a nonsignificant decreasing trend suggesting their relative stability throughout the first 4 months of lactation. Carbohydrate and fat intakes were associated with TPC, and with both TPC and Staphylococci respectively (P ≤ 0·05); and consumption of root crop is linked with Staphylococci, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria (P ≤ 0·05). Interestingly, age was found to be a positive determinant for Bifidobacteria (P = 0·00), whereas being normal- or overweight as negative determinants of Lactobacilli (P = 0·017). Consumption of milk also seems to positively influence both Lactobacilli (P = 0·00) and Bifidobacteria (P = 0·05) counts. CONCLUSIONS: Certain populations of culturable micro-organisms were found to be associated with maternal diet, weight classification and age. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study offered new discoveries in the recently growing endeavor on the role of maternal factors in modulating certain microbial populations in human milk. Ultimately, the findings of this study could provide a basis in crafting lactation policies and guidelines that may help enhance the microbial quality of human milk through adjustments in maternal diet or weight during lactation.

Encuesta sobre factores de riesgo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en personal hospitalario que asistió a un curso de alimentación saludable / Survey on the risk factors of noncommunicable diseases in hospital personnel attending a course on healthy eating

Introducción: Las ECNT constituyen la principal causa de muerte en nuestro país y representan una epidemia en aumento. La prevención debe concentrarse contra los factores de riesgo prevenibles, el tabaquismo, mala alimentación, falta de actividad física y consumo excesivo de alcohol. Objetivo: Describir la situación de salud y factores de riesgo de ECNT del Personal del Hospital Garrahan que asistió al curso de Alimentación Saludable. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal retrospectivo. Se realizó la encuesta "Situación de salud y factores de riesgo", por autorreporte durante el periodo 2015-2017. Los datos se analizaron con SPSS 20 para Windows. Resultados: Muestra de 194 alumnos, 81% mujeres. El 41.2% es universitario y el 50,8% no fuma. A mayor edad menor actividad física. Solo el 18% de la muestra cumplió con las recomendaciones de consumo de verduras y el 24% de frutas. El consumo de carne vacuna, supero la recomendación no así el pescado. El 31% siempre o casi siempre sobreagrega sal. El 70.1% toma de 1 a 4 vasos de agua, y solo el 6,34% más de 8 vasos. La prevalencia de exceso de peso fue del 53.6%. Las enfermedades metabólicas declaradas fueron del 39% entre HTA, colesterol alto y diabetes 2. Discusión: El exceso de peso, se correlaciona con el de la población argentina. Podría deberse al sedentarismo, y conductas alimentarias inadecuadas. Se observó que a medida que el IMC aumenta, el consumo de frutas, verduras y la realización de actividad física, disminuyen. Conclusión: Para crear nuevos hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física, es necesario información de calidad y herramientas para tomar acciones con responsabilidad sobre la mejora en el cuidado de su propia salud (AU)

Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in our country and a growing epidemic. Prevention should focus on preventable risk factors, such as smoking, poor eating habits, and excessive alcohol intake. Objective: To describe health status and risk factors for NCDs in the personnel of Garrahan Hospital that attended a Healthy Eating course. Material and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study. A selfreport survey "Health status and risk factors" was administered over the period 2015-2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 for Windows. Results: The sample consisted of 194 pupils; 81% was female. Overall, 41.2% had university education and 50,8% did not smoke. The older the age, the less physical exercise. Only 18% of the sample met the recommendations for vegetable intake and 24% those for fruit intake. Cow meat consumption was higher than the recommendations, but fish consumption was not. Overall, 31% always or almost always added too much salt. Of the sample, 70.1% drank 1 to 4 glasses of water and only 6,34% drank more than 8 glasses of water. The prevalence of overweight was 53.6%. Metabolic diseases, among which AHT, high cholesterol, and diabetes 2, were reported in 39%. Discussion: The rate of overweight, correlating with the general Argentine population, may be due to a sedentary lifestyle and inadequate eating habits. It was observed that when the BMI was higher, fruit and vegetable intake and physical exercise were lower. Conclusion: To develop new eating habits and increase physical exercise, quality information and tools are necessary in order to take responsible action regarding improvements in personal health care (AU)

Modelos conceptuales y explicativos sobre las crisis no epilépticas psicógenas (CNEP) / Conceptual and explanatory models of Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES)

Las Crisis No Epilépticas Psicógenas (CNEP) son episodios similares a las crisis epilépticas, pero a diferencia de éstas, no son causadas por la actividad eléctrica anómala del cerebro. Se diagnostican una vez descartadas otras causas fisiopatológicas. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la conceptualización actual de este fenómeno. Para ello, en primer lugar realizaremos una historización del fenómeno, relacionándolo con la categoría de histeria; segundo lugar, describiremos las clasificaciones propuestas por las distintas ediciones del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los trastornos mentales, destacando su última versión (DSM-V); finalmente, introduciremos las corrientes actuales que explican este fenómeno, las cuales toman el rol de la disociación como categoría central que explica tanto el diagnóstico así como los objetivos de tratamiento para las CNEP. La categoría disociación es la clave para entender la dirección en la que se está avanzando en psicopatalogía, la búsqueda de los procesos psicológicos específicos subyacentes para entender el mecanismo que lleva a producir tanto las CNEP como otros cuadros de psicopatológicos.

Psychogenic Non Epileptic Crises (CNEP) have been a challenge to diagnostic and explanation for the mental health field. They are diagnosed after discard out other pathophysiological causes of the crisis. They are similar to epileptic seizures, but unlike these, they are not caused by electrical activity in the brain. In order to present the current conceptualization of this phenomenon, we propose in first place to describe its historical development, second, the current classification of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V), third, to introduce the present currents that explain this phenomenon by taking the role of dissociation as a central category that explains the diagnosis and the treatment objectives for the CNEP. The dissociation category is the key to understand the direction in which progress is being made in psychopathology, the search for the specific underlying psychological processes to understand the mechanism that leads to producing both the CNEP and other psychopathological frames.

Fruit flesh volatile and carotenoid profile analysis within the Cucumis melo L. species reveals unexploited variability for future genetic breeding.

BACKGROUND: Aroma profile and carotenoids content of melon flesh are two important aspects influencing the quality of this fruit that have been characterized using only selected genotypes. However, the extant variability of the whole species remains unknown. RESULTS: A complete view of the volatile/carotenoid profiles of melon flesh was obtained analyzing 71 accessions, representing the whole diversity of the species. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to analyze 200 volatile compounds and five carotenoids. Genotypes were classified into two main clusters (high/low aroma), but with a large diversity of differential profiles within each cluster, consistent with the ripening behavior, flesh color and proposed evolutionary and breeding history of the different horticultural groups. CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the huge amount of untapped aroma diversity of melon germplasm, especially of non-commercial types. Also, landraces with high nutritional value with regard to carotenoids have been identified. All this knowledge will encourage melon breeding, facilitating the selection of the genetic resources more appropriate to develop cultivars with new aromatic profiles or to minimize the impact of breeding on melon quality. The newly characterized sources provide the basis for further investigations into specific genes/alleles contributing to melon flesh quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock causes profound changes in myocardial energy metabolites in pigs.

INTRODUCTION: Energy deficiency is a cause for myocardial dysfunction during septic shock. In rodents, septic shock decreases the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids and glucose in the myocardium causing energy deficiency. However, the effect of septic shock on myocardial energy metabolites in large animals and human is unknown. OBJECTIVES: Investigate the effects of septic shock on myocardial energy metabolites in domestic pigs. METHODS: Seventeen female pigs divided into control and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock groups. Myocardial metabolites were analyzed ex vivo by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Gene and protein expression analysis were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blot. RESULTS: Septic shock was associated with an increase in myocardial levels of short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines, lactate, alanine, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 gene expression. COX-2 and prostaglandin E4 receptor gene expression also increased in the septic myocardium, although the only elevated eicosanoid in the septic animals was thromboxane B2. Myocardial levels of niacin, taurine, glutamate, glutamine, and glutathione were higher, and hypoxanthine levels lower in septic pigs than controls. CONCLUSIONS: In pigs, septic shock induced by LPS caused myocardial changes directed to decrease the oxidation of medium- and short-chain fatty acid without an effect on long-chain fatty acid oxidation. The increase in myocardial levels of lactate, alanine, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 gene expression suggest that septic shock decreases pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and glucose oxidation. Homeostasis of niacin, taurine, glutamate, glutamine, glutathione, hypoxanthine and thromboxane B2 is also affected in the septic myocardium.

Manejo de las vías centrales de bebés prematuros de menos de 1.500 gramos / Management of central lines in preterm babies weighing less than 1, 500 grams

Objetivo: determinar las diferencias a lo largo de los tres años en el manejo de las vías centrales de bebés prematuros menores de 1.500 gramos. Método: estudio descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo en bebés de < 1.500 gramos ingresados en la UCI neonatal del CHUS de Santiago de Compostela, entre enero del año 2012 y diciembre de 2014. Variables de estudio: sexo, edad gestacional, peso, fecundación in vitro (FIV), gemelaridad, vía de finalización del parto, canalización o no de vía central, tipo de vía central, localización, duración, causa de retirada, tipo de germen aislado en el cultivo y exitus o no del bebé. Para el contraste de hipótesis se utilizó Anova y Chi cuadrado. Resultados: se estudiaron 120 bebés, siendo la media de edad gestacional de 29,8 semanas y el peso medio al nacimiento de 1.148 gramos. En 62 bebés (51,6%) se insertó una vía central, siendo la de primera elección la vía umbilical, con un tiempo medio de permanencia de seis días, seguido del PICC, con una permanencia media de ocho días y de localización más habitual en el miembro superior, seguida del miembro inferior y la cabeza. La causa más común de retirada de la vía central fue la electiva, debido a la finalización del tratamiento, y la contaminación más frecuente el Estafilococo epidermidis. En el periodo de estudio se encontró una leve disminución, estadísticamente significativa (p= 0,033). Conclusiones: el acceso vascular central se muestra como la principal vía de manejo del gran prematuro menor de 1.000 gramos de peso, siendo la vía umbilical la de primera elección, seguido del PICC. Aproximadamente la mitad de los bebés tuvo una vía central (AU)

Objective: to determine any differences in the management of central lines in preterm babies weighing less than 1,500 grams, during a 3-year period. Method: a descriptive longitudinal retrospective study in babies <1,500 grams admitted to the neonatal ICU at the Santiago de Compostela CHUS, between January, 2012 and December, 2014. Study variables: gender, gestational age, weight, IVF, multiple birth, type of child delivery, central venous catheterization or not, type of central line, location, duration, cause for removal, type of germ isolated in culture, and baby exitus or not. Anova and Chi Square tests were used for hypothesis contrast. Results: the study included 120 babies, with a mean gestational age of 29.8 weeks and 1,148 grams as mean weight at birth; 62 babies (51.6%) had a central line inserted, with umbilical access as first choice, for a mean period of six days, followed by peripheral catheterization, for a mean period of eight days, and the most frequent location was upper limb, followed by lower limb and head. The most frequent cause for removal of the central line was elective, due to treatment completion, and the most frequent contamination was by Staphylococcus Epidermidis. During the period of the study, a mild reduction was found, which was statistically significant (p= 0.033). Conclusions: central vascular access appears as the main pathway for management in preterm babies weighing less than 1,000 grams, with umbilical access as first choice, followed by peripheral catheterization. Approximately half of male and female babies had a central line inserted (AU)

Cuidados al paciente neonato con hipotermia inducida / Newborn patient care with induced hypothermia

La hipotermia neonatal activa constituye un avance terapéutico en casos de encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI) en el recién nacido y consiste en disminuir la temperatura corporal en 3-4 ºC en las primeras seis horas de vida, manteniéndose durante 72 horas, al cabo de las cuales tiene lugar el recalentamiento progresivo (0,5 ºC/hora). Esta terapia mejora la morbimortalidad de estos pacientes, al favorecer la neuroprotección, dado que disminuye el metabolismo cerebral, la apoptosis y la formación de radicales libres de oxígeno. Este tratamiento con frío puede producir complicaciones graves como alteraciones en la coagulación, arritmias, hipotensión, hiperglucemia, entre otras. En este artículo se expone la actuación ante un paciente con EHI, así como los cuidados de Enfermería a los pacientes sometidos a hipotermia inducida, y específicamente la vigilancia y control a llevar a cabo para que no se produzcan las complicaciones potenciales vinculadas a este tratamiento

Active neonatal hypothermia represents a therapeutic advance for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) cases in newborns, and it involves reducing the body temperature in 3-4ºC during the first 6 hours of life, and sustaining this during 72 hours, after which a progressive warming will take place (0.5 ºC/hour).This therapy improves the morbimortality in these patients, by encouraging neuroprotection, because it reduces the brain metabolism, the apoptosis, and the formation of oxygen-free radicals. This treatment with cold can cause severe complications such as coagulation alterations, arrhythmias, hypotension, and hyperglycemias, among others. This article describes the action taken for a patient with HIE, as well as Nursing care for patients subject to induced hypothermia, and specifically the monitoring and control to be conducted in order to avoid any of the potential complications linked with this treatment

Cuidados enfermeros en la extrofia vesical neonatal / Nursing care in neonatal vesical exstrophy

La extrofia vesical (EV) es una alteración congénita poco frecuente que consiste en la protrusión de la vejiga sobre la pared abdominal, lo que requiere una compleja y rápida intervención quirúrgica, muchas veces por un equipo multidisciplinar. Es una enferme-dad rara, se presenta en uno de cada 35.000-40.000 nacimientos y es más frecuente en varones. Aunque su etiología no está muy definida, parece haber una predisposición genética. Se produce por un defecto de la migración de las células del mesénquima infraumbilical que dará lugar a la pared abdominal inferior, los tubérculos genitales y las ramas púbicas. El tratamiento de la EV es quirúrgico y muchas veces en varias etapas. Uno de los problemas de estos pacientes es el control de esfínteres, una vez intervenidos. Los niños sometidos a cirugía reparadora en el momento del nacimiento obtienen mejores resultados en la continencia urinaria, que es uno de los grandes problemas. Los cuidados enferme-ros pre y postquirúrgicos son muy importantes para la recuperación de estos pacientes, ya que permanecerán varios días inmovilizados para lograr el correcto cierre de la vejiga

Vesical Exstrophy (VE) is a rare congenital alteration which consists in the protrusion of the bladder through the abdominal wall, and it requires a complex and fast surgical intervention, often by a multidisciplinary team. This is a rare disease, which appears in one out of 35,000-40,000 newborns, and it is more frequent in males. Even though its etiology is not very well defined, there seems to be a genetic predisposition. It occurs due to a defect of migration in the infraumbilical mesenchyma cells, which will lead to the formation of the lower abdominal wall, genital tubercles and pubic branches. The treatment for VE is surgical, and often in various stages. One of the problems in these patients is sphincter control, once they have undergone surgery. Children who undergo reconstructive surgery at the time of birth will achieve better results regarding urinary incontinence, which is one of the great problems. Nursing care before and after surgery is very important for the recovery of these patients, because they must remain immobile during several days in order to achieve an adequate bladder closure

Role of morphology in the performance of LiFe0.5Mn1.5O4 spinel cathodes for lithium-ion batteries.

Spinel oxides with composition LiMn2-xMxO4 (M, a transition metal) are intensively studied due to their remarkable electrochemical properties. This study deals with cathode materials based on the lithium iron manganese oxide LiFe0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesized by different methods (sol-gel, in solution and hydrothermal) in order to obtain samples with various morphologies. SEM results show microspheres, composed of nanosized/submicrometer-sized subunits, microrods with a less porous surface, and finally nanoparticles that form micro-sized aggregates. The samples obtained by both solution and hydrothermal methods provided the best electrochemical behavior. In all cases, the coulombic efficiency is around 90%, and it remains constant during the tested cycles. Specific capacities remain stable between 95% and 98% of capacity retention after series of cycles in samples formed by microspheres or micro-size aggregates. These values are notably higher than those obtained for the samples with particles of heterogeneous size (49%). A LiMn1.5Fe0.5O4/Li2MnO3 composite has been prepared by the solvothermal technique in order to increase its capacity and energy density. These cells show a good cyclability at different current densities. All cells based on these LiFe0.5Mn1.5O4 cathodes recover their discharge capacity when the current density returns to C/10.

[Nutrition and Metabolism Group of the Spanish Neonatology Society: recommendations and evidence for dietary supplementation with probiotics in very low birth weight infants]. / Grupo de Nutrición y Metabolismo Neonatal, Sociedad Española de Neonatología: recomendaciones y evidencias para la suplementación dietética con probióticos en recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacer.

Clinical practice guidelines are an important tool for improving healthcare. In recent years there has been accumulating evidence on the impact of nutritional supplementation with probiotics in the very low birth weight infants. With no uniformity in microorganisms and strains used. The Spanish Neonatology Society (SENeo), through its Nutrition and Metabolism Group has undertaken to develop recommendations that will be useful as a guide for the neonatologist in this field.

[Ante-natal corticosteroids and prevention of respiratory distress in the premature newborn: usefulness of rescue treatment]. / Corticoides antenatales y prevención del distrés respiratorio del recién nacido prematuro: utilidad de la terapia de rescate.

The effectiveness of antenatal corticosteroid therapy for foetal lung maturation in pre-term infants is well known, but there is uncertainty about the time that the treatment remains effective. A descriptive, longitudinal study was conducted to determine whether the need for surfactant administration was determined by the time-lapse between corticosteroids administration and delivery, and when repeating the doses of maternal corticosteroids should be considered. A total of 91 premature infants ≤32 weeks and/or ≤1,500 g (limit 34+6 weeks) whose mothers had received a complete course of corticosteroids were included. In patients at 27-34+6 weeks, we found that the longer the time elapsed between delivery and administration of corticosteroids, most likely were the babies to require treatment with surfactant (P=.027). The resulting ROC curve determined an 8-days cut-off after which repeating a dose of corticosteroids should be assessed.

Canalización epicutánea en neonatos: una técnica no exenta de riesgos / Epicutaneous Channeling in Neonates: a Technique which Involves Certain Risks

El uso de catéteres centrales de inserción periférica (epicutáneos) se ha convertido en una práctica de rutina en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales por su facilidad de inserción su baja incidencia de complicaciones en comparación con otros catéteres centrales. Sin embargo, esto no significa que la utilización de los catéteres epicutáneos esté exenta de riegos. En este artículo, a partir de la descripción de dos casos de derrame pleural relacionados con la migración del catéter epicutáneo, se pretende llamar la atención de las enfermeras de cuidados neonatales sobre la importancia de extremar la vigilancia y elcontrol del neonato portador de epicutáneo para evitar las posibles complicaciones (AU)

The use of central catheters with peripheral (epicutaneous) insertion has become a routine practice in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units, due to its easy insertion and the low incidence of complications compared with other central catheters. However, this does not mean that using epicutaneous catheters won’t entail any risks. In this article, starting with the description of two pleural effusion cases associated with epicutaneous catheter migration, we intend to point out to Neonatal Care Nurses the importance of being extremely watchful and controlling the neonate with an epicutaneous catheter, in order to prevent potential complications (AU)

Autocuidado de la salud en jóvenes universitarios, Manizales, 2010-2011 / Self-care in university students. Manizales, 2010-2011

Los jóvenes se consideran un grupo poblacional relativamente sano, de ahí la necesidad de repensar el autocuidado como estrategia para promover su salud. Objetivo: Describir algunas características de las prácticas de autocuidado de la salud, en jóvenes universitarios. Metodología: Investigación descriptiva transversal, realizada en el 2010-2011, en una muestra de 353 estudiantes universitarios. Por medio del Cuestionario de Estilos de Vida en Jóvenes Universitarios, se evaluó la dimensión autocuidado de la salud indagando sobre: prácticas, motivos para realizar o no una práctica, motivación para el cambio y recursos para llevarlas a cabo. Resultados: en las mujeres se presentan más prácticas de autocuidado relacionadas con: baño diario y cepillado de dientes después de las comidas. En cuanto a la exploración del cuerpo para detectar cambios, los hombres son los que menos la realizan, siendo estadísticamente significativo. Las mujeres utilizan menos el bloqueador solar con relación a los hombres. Conclusiones: las prácticas de autocuidado de la salud fueron saludables según la puntuación establecida en la metodología implementada para la dimensión de autocuidado de la salud. Se plantea la necesidad de educar a los jóvenes universitarios para su autocuidado como parte del proceso de la formación integral...

Young people are considered a relatively healthy population, hence the need to rethink self-care as a strategy for promoting their health. Objective: to describe some of the characteristics of the health-related self-care practices among young university students. Methodology: a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in 2010-2011 using a sample of 353 university students. The health-related self-care dimension was assessed using the Lifestyle Questionnaire for Young University Students. The participants were asked about their practices, reasons for having or not having them, their motivations for changing a practice and the resources required for carrying them out. Results: women have more self-care practices related to taking a daily bath and brushing their teeth after meals. As for checking oneÆs body to detect changes, it was found that men are less likely to do so, which is statistically significant. In addition, women use less sunscreen than men. Conclusions: the health-related self-care practices were healthy according to the score established in the methodology used for the self-care dimension. Likewise, the authors propose that education regarding self-care practices should be provided to young university students as part of their comprehensive training...

Meduloblastoma congénito gigante de presentación y localización atípicas / Congenital giant medulloblastoma with atypical presentation and location

El meduloblastoma congénito es uno de los tumores intracraneales más frecuentes en la edad pediátrica; sin embargo, su presentación es poco frecuente antes de los 2 meses de vida. Presentamos el caso deun recién nacido con un meduloblastoma congénito gigante, con sintomatología en el periodo neonatal inmediato y de localización atípica. Este tipo de tumor debe ser tenido en consideración al realizar el diagnóstico diferencial de la hidrocefalia congénita (AU)

Congenital medulloblastoma is one of the most frequent pediatric intracranial tumors, however, it is unusual its presentation before the two months of life. We are presenting the case of a new-born infant with a giant congenital medulloblastoma, with symptoms in the immediate neonatal period and atypical location. This kind of tumor must be taken on account when making a differential diagnosis of congenital ventricular hydrocephalus (AU)