ABSTRACT
Background: In Colombia, the average age of first sexual intercourse is between 14 and 15, and it has one of the highest fertility rates among adolescents in Latin America, which reflects poor access to health services and a lack of knowledge about contraception. Some laws support comprehensive sex education as a learning process that families and schools should provide. The objective of this work was to assess the frequency of adequate knowledge and attitudes of acceptance towards contraception in students, their associated factors, sexual behaviours in sexually active students, and experiences with sex education. Methods: Mixed methods study consisting of an analytical cross-sectional study and a qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study. The former included students who completed a questionnaire with sociodemographic variables, surveys on knowledge and attitudes toward contraception, and questions about sexual behaviour. Focus groups were used in the qualitative study to evaluate students' and parents' sex education experiences. Findings: 827 students were surveyed, of whom 52.3% had adequate knowledge about contraceptives and 80.1% had attitudes of acceptance. Talking with parents about sex education, receiving sex education, and being in the eleventh grade increased the likelihood of having adequate knowledge. Each year of age, being male, being a victim of forced displacement, and studying in a public school were associated with lower possibilities of attitudes of acceptance. Using condoms, compared to other contraceptives, was associated with less adequate knowledge and attitudes of acceptance (p < 0.05). Experiences with sex education, contraception, and sexual and reproductive rights were three emerging categories in the focus groups. Interpretation: In a group of Colombian high school students, half of them had adequate knowledge, eight out of 10 had attitudes of acceptance about contraception, and both were associated with having received sex education. Nevertheless, different types of barriers to sexual education were identified at home and in schools. The results will allow the generation of educational policies that modify the educational model as well as new strategies by health professionals to raise awareness about responsible sexuality. Funding: This project was financed by internal research of the Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS (DI-I-0392-20).
ABSTRACT
This article deals with the history and evolution of students scientific journals in Latin-America, their beginnings, how many still exist and which is their future projection. Relevant events show the growth of students scientific journals in Latin-America and how are they working together to improve their quality. This article is addressed not only for Latin American readers but also to worldwide readers. Latin American medical students are consistently working together to publish scientific research, whose quality is constantly improving.
Subject(s)
Humans , Periodicals as Topic/standards , Publishing , Students, Medical , Latin America , Publishing/standards , Publishing/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
This article deals with the history and evolution of student's scientific journals in Latin-America, their beginnings, how many still exist and which is their future projection. Relevant events show the growth of student's scientific journals in Latin-America and how are they working together to improve their quality. This article is addressed not only for Latin American readers but also to worldwide readers. Latin American medical students are consistently working together to publish scientific research, whose quality is constantly improving.
Subject(s)
Periodicals as Topic/standards , Publishing , Students, Medical , Humans , Latin America , Publishing/standards , Publishing/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Reproducir en nuestro país, la técnica de colecistectomía laparoscópica con un sólo puerto umbilical, sin huella, con el fin de añadir a la laparoscopia tradicional resultados estéticos óptimos, libre de cicatriz abdominal. Trabajo realizado en el Departamento de Cirugía General de dos hospitales privados. Estudio prospectivo observacional en 3 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente con la técnica de colecistectomía laparoscópica con un sólo puerto umbilical asistido con agujas percutáneas, en un período de tiempo del 1 al 30 del octubre del 2008. Se excluyeron casos de colecistitis aguda, colédoco litiasis y cáncer. Se analizó edad, sexo, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria, complicaciones, índice de conversión y efectos estéticos. Predominó el sexo femenino (100 por ciento). La edad promedio fue de 30 años. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 107 minutos. El tiempo de hospitalización fue de 24 horas. No se evidenció cicatriz abdominal, en contraste con la técnica laparoscópica habitual, con 3 cicatrices visibles. No hubo conversiones. Morbilidad = 0 por ciento, mortalidad = 0 por ciento. La técnica es perfectamente reproducible en nuestro medio, aportando beneficios estéticos óptimos a la colecistectomía laparoscópica tradicional, quedando ausente la pared abdominal de cicatrices visibles.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/methods , Gallbladder/surgery , Gallbladder/pathology , Dissection/methods , Ligation/methods , Umbilicus/surgeryABSTRACT
Presentar nuestra experiencia en 18 colecistectomías laparoscópicas con un sólo puerto visible subxifoideo de 5 mm, obtenida en el Departamento de Cirugía de dos hospitales privados, con el fin de introducir en nuestro país las técnicas que disminuyan aún más el trauma de la laparoscopia tradicional. Estudio prospectivo, observacional. Fueron intervenidos 18 pacientes con la técnica de colecistectomía laparoscópica con un sólo puerto visible subxifoideo, en el período de enero a abril de 2008. Se excluyeron casos de colecistitis aguda, coledocolitiasis y cáncer. Se analizaron la edad, sexo, el tiempo quirúrgico, la estancia hospitalaria, las complicaciones, el índice de conversión y los efectos estéticos. Predominó el sexo femenino (17 a 1). La edad promedio fue de 41 años. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 67 minutos (58 minutos promedio con el uso del ligasure y 98 minutos sin este equipo). El tiempo de hospitalización fue de 24 horas. Se evidenció una sola cicatriz a nivel subxifoideo, en contraste con la técnica laparoscópica habitual, con 3 cicatrices visibles. No hubo conversiones. No hubo morbilidad ni mortalidad. La técnica es perfectamente reproducible en nuestro medio, aportando beneficios adicionales estéticos a la colecistectomía laparoscópica tradicional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Ampicillin/administration & dosage , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/methods , Urinary Bladder Calculi/complications , Urinary Bladder Calculi/diagnosis , Ampicillin/pharmacology , Xiphoid Bone/surgery , Cystic Duct/surgeryABSTRACT
La producción científica de un país y de una institución es considerada un indicador directo del desarrollo científico; si tomamos como medida de aporte a la comunidad científica la publicación, resalta que el mayor aporte a la ciencia mundial en revistas ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) está dado por las grandes potencias industriales, siendo los Estados Unidos la de mayor producción, seguida por Japón, Reino Unido y Alemania; en contraste, encontramos que Latinoamérica y el Caribe solo aporta el 3% de la producción científica mundial, donde se destacan en la publicación biomédica Brasil, Argentina, México, Venezuela y Chile.
The scientific production of a country and an institution is considered a direct indicator of scientific development; If we take the publication as a measure of contribution to the scientific community, it highlights that the greatest contribution to world science in ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) journals is given by the great industrial powers, with the United States being the one with the highest production, followed by Japan, the United Kingdom and Germany; In contrast, we find that Latin America and the Caribbean only contributes 3% of world scientific production, where Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Venezuela and Chile stand out in the biomedical publication
