Structural Model for Socially Sustainable Public Housing Decision-Making in Chile.

Normally the social approaches addressed in public housing policies are unclear in the implementation processes. Indeed, public agencies do not have systems that integrate clear social criteria to consider the social assessment of public housing projects. Therefore, the inclusion of social sustainability in planning and early decision-making is limited. In addition, social development technically involves variables that are not normally independent, and its completeness means their relationships must be considered to sum up the impacts. Thus, this work proposes a structural model that explains an integral interrelation of social criteria that determines socially sustainable housing projects for the vulnerable population in Chile. For this, a theoretical model was constructed and validated using a structural equation model (SEM). This system derives from the application of a survey applied to 188 professionals related to the development of public housing. From this, a model of social sustainability of public housing is validated with ten social criteria and eleven unidirectional interrelations, structured in two dimensions: the functional conditions of the home and the environmental conditions of the house. In the first dimension, the relation between the Improvement in family economic availability and Spaces for family development stands out. In the second, the strongest link is between Community health and safety and the Integration of the design in the context.

The Impact of Mild Frost Occurring at Different Harvesting Times on the Volatile and Phenolic Composition of Virgin Olive Oil.

The organoleptic characteristics of virgin olive oil (VOO), together with its nutritional and health properties, have led the olive tree to be cultivated beyond the Mediterranean basin, reaching latitudes with colder climates, with minimum temperatures below 0 °C and with a higher probability of early frosts. The freezing of olives generates destruction within the tissues and promotes degradation reactions. In this study, the impact of mild frost occurring at different harvesting times on the composition of volatiles and phenolic compounds in VOO were investigated. Arbequina variety olives were harvested at different stages of ripening. Half of the olives were subjected to oil extraction and the other half were frozen at -3 ± 1 °C for 12 h prior to oil extraction. A significant decrease of phenolic compounds with harvesting time was observed in both types of oils (fresh and frozen olives). Oils from frozen olives presented a slightly higher content of total phenols, except in the advanced ripening stage (September), and a slightly lower content of volatile compounds at all harvesting times. In addition, a higher content of 3,4-DHPEA-EDA was observed in oils from frozen olives, which is attributed to an early action of the endogenous ß-glucosidase enzyme on oleuropein in freeze-damaged olive fruits. Principal component analysis and Discriminant Partial Least Square Regression allowed the oils to be classified according to the type of fruit (fresh and frozen) and the month of harvest. This study would indicate that mild frost would have a low impact on the chemical composition of virgin olive oil, although, this depends on the ripening stage.

Calidad de vida en personas con disartria / Quality of life in people with dysarthria

Introducción: La disartria corresponde a un trastorno adquirido del habla de origen neurológico. Habitualmente, la evaluación se centra en describir los procesos motores del habla afectados, las características perceptuales y determinar el grado de severidad a través de la inteligibilidad del habla. Pocas veces se explora el impacto de este trastorno sobre la calidad de vida de la persona. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Se evaluaron 21 personas con disartria (51.04 ± 13.06 años, 13 hombres) con el protocolo de evaluación de habla para pacientes disártricos y el cuestionario autoadministrado de calidad de vida en hablantes disártricos (QOL-Dys). Resultados: Las personas con disartria ven alterada su calidad de vida. Hay una correlación significativa con el grado de severidad de la disartria (r = -.5, p =.02). La inteligibilidad predice de manera significativa el puntaje en el cuestionario de calidad de vida total (R2 =.2, p =.04). El puntaje más bajo se presenta en la percepción de la reacción de los otros (1.66 ± 12.93), y el más alto en enfrentarse a situaciones difíciles (24.38 ± 9.12). Conclusión: La disartria afecta la calidad de vida de las personas. Se recomienda su evaluación para mejorar la intervención en estas personas

Introduction: Dysarthria is an acquired motor speech disorder of neurological origin. Usually assessment focuses on describing the affected motor processes of speech, perceptual characteristics and determining the degree of severity through speech intelligibility, but rarely explores the impact it has on the quality of life of the person. Method: A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study was performed. Twenty-one patients with dysarthria (51.04 ± 13.06 years, 13 men) were evaluated with the speech assessment protocol for dysarthric patients and the self-administered quality of life questionnaire for dysarthric speakers (QOL-Dys). Results: The quality of life of people with dysarthria is affected (QOL), which correlates significantly with the degree of severity of the dysarthria (r = -.5, p = .02). Intelligibility significantly predicts the score of the total quality of life questionnaire (R2 =.2, p = .04). The lowest score occurred in the perception of the reaction of the others (16.66 ± 12.93), and the highest in dealing with difficult situations (24.38 ± 9.12). Conclusion: Quality of life is affected in people with dysarthria, its assessment is recommended to improve intervention in these people