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Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 46(4): 295-302, oct.-dic. 2012. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-107904

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos. Los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo ii tienen un riesgo cardiovascular de 2 a 4 veces mayor a la población general, siendo esta la principal causa de muerte. El objetivo del estudio es comparar los resultados de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo ii frente a los no diabéticos que completan un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca, y analizar la incidencia de complicaciones cardiológicas y del aparato locomotor. Material y método. Estudio cuasiexperimental comparando los subgrupo de pacientes diabéticos frente a los no diabéticos, en cuanto a control de factores de riesgo y capacidad funcional de los pacientes que han completado el programa en nuestra Unidad entre 01/01/2009 y 31/12/2010. Resultados. Trescientos ochenta y seis pacientes, de los cuales 81 con diabetes mellitus tipo ii. La edad media era de 54,5 años y el 92% son varones. Los pacientes diabéticos tenían una menor capacidad funcional al inicio del programa mejorando de forma similar tras realizar el programa de rehabilitación cardiaca (8±1,9 vs. 9,2±2), que los no diabéticos (9,2±2,2 vs. 10,3±2,2). Presentaron un aumento del HDL en ambos grupos de forma estadísticamente significativa, sin cambios en colesterol total y colesterol LDL. Mayor porcentaje de incidencias cardiológicas en el grupo de diabéticos (6,2 vs. 1,6%; p<0,04). Conclusiones. Los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo ii han presentado una mejoría similar con el programa de rehabilitación cardiaca respecto a los no diabéticos. El grupo de diabéticos presentaron una mayor incidencia de eventos cardiológicos, aunque ningún evento fatal, durante el programa de ejercicio lo que nos obliga a considerar este factor como predictor de riesgo de estos eventos durante la realización del ejercicio físico (AU)


Introduction and objectives. Type ii diabetic patients have two to four times more cardiovascular risk than the general population, cardiovascular disease being their main cause of death. The aim of this study was to compare the results between type ii diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients who underwent a cardiac rehabilitation program and to analyze the incidence of cardiologic and musculoskeletal complications. Material and method. A quasiexperimental study comparing the subgroup of diabetic and non-diabetic patients in regards to risk factors and the functional capacity of patients who had completed the program in our Unit between 1/1/2009 and 12/31/2010. Results. The 386 patients, 81 of whom were diabetic, mean age 54.5 years, 92% of whom were male. The diabetic patients had less functional capacity before starting the program (8±1.9 vs. 9.2±2) than the non-diabetics (9.2±2.2 vs. 10.3±2.2). There was a statistically significant increase in HDL in both groups, while total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol remained unchanged. The diabetic group had a higher percentage of cardiological complications (6.2 vs. 1.6%; P<.04). Conclusions. Type ii diabetic patients presented a similar improvement after the cardiac rehabilitation program compared to non-diabetic ones. The diabetic group had a greater incidence of cardiological events during the exercise program, although none of them were lethal, so we must consider diabetes as a risk predictor of these events during exercise (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/rehabilitation , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Coronary Disease/complications , Coronary Disease/rehabilitation , Exercise/physiology , Risk Factors , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions/trends , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/organization & administration , Exercise Therapy/trends , Exercise Therapy , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Prospective Studies , Informed Consent/ethics
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