ABSTRACT
Four undescribed butanolides, linderangolides A-D (1-4), along with four known congeners, lincomolide A (5), (-)-epilitsenolide C2 (6), (-)-epilitsenolide C1 (7) and litseakolide H (8), were isolated from the roots of Lindera angustifolia. The planar structures of 1-4 were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, the relative and absolute configurations of 1-4 were determined by the NOESY spectra and the comparison of calculated and experimental ECD. The cytotoxic activities of all isolated compounds were tested, 4 showed inhibitory activity against SGC-7 cells with IC50 value of 6.62 µM.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Lindera , Phytochemicals , Plant Roots , Plant Roots/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Lindera/chemistry , Cell Line, Tumor , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Humans , Phytochemicals/pharmacology , Phytochemicals/isolation & purification , China , 4-Butyrolactone/analogs & derivatives , 4-Butyrolactone/pharmacology , 4-Butyrolactone/isolation & purification , 4-Butyrolactone/chemistryABSTRACT
The presence and diversity of endophytic fungi associated with host plants are important not just for host plant growth and defense, but also impact the production of medicinal secondary metabolites. However, the correlation between endophytic fungi and crocin production in Crocus sativus (CS) remains underexplored. Here, we explore the relationship between endophytic fungal diversity and crocin content among different CS tissues and field sites. Specifically, we isolated endophytic fungi from five different field sites (Shanghai, Jiande, Huzhou, Anhui, and Hebei) and five different tissues (corm, scape, leaf, petal, and stigma) and analyzed fungal community diversity, richness, and evenness. We identified a total of 32 endophytic fungal taxa, assigned to 7 orders within 4 classes (Eurotiomycetes, Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, and Sordariomycetes). The most dominant order was Eurotiales, and the most dominant genera were Penicillium and Talaromyces. Species richness tended to be highest in belowgrown tissues, such as corm and scape. Additionally, several fungal taxa were found to be either site- or tissue-specific. Three genera in particular were correlated with crocin content: Penicillium, Sistotrema, and Bjerkandera. Given the fact that endophytic microorganisms can both promote the production of secondary metabolites in host plants and potentially produce secondary metabolites themselves, further study is required to understand the mechanistic relationship between these and other fungal genera and crocin production.
Subject(s)
Ascomycota , Crocus , Penicillium , Fungi , Endophytes , China , Penicillium/geneticsABSTRACT
Natural products (NP) are an important source of bioactive compounds. Considering their complex matrix effects, the development of suitable methodologies for the quick identification and analysis of active substances in NPs played a significant role in controlling their quality and discovering new drugs. In recent years, the technology of immobilized biomembrane has attracted increasing attention, due to its advantages such as multitarget efficiency, accuracy, and/or time-saving compared with traditional activity-guided separation and ligand fishing methods. This article provides a systematic review of the latest advances in screening technologies based on biomembrane in the field of NPs. It includes detailed discussions on these technologies, including cell membrane chromatography, artificial membrane chromatography, cell membrane fishing, living cell fishing methods, and their applications in screening various active molecules from NPs. Their limitations and future development prospects are further discussed.