ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This systematic review investigates the diagnostic value of ultrasound in the evaluation of torso injuries following a penetrating trauma. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and WOS databases for related original articles until May 7, 2023, and extracted data related to diagnostic performance. The bivariate model and hierarchic summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) approach were used to calculate pooled diagnostic values. Cochrane Q test and I-squared were performed to evaluate heterogeneity. We assessed heterogeneity with meta-regression. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included, which involved a total number of 1866 patients. According to meta-analysis, sonography demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 56% (45-67%) and specificity of 96% (94-97%), positive likelihood ratio (LR +) of 13.66 (8.03-23.23), and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.45 (0.35-0.59) for detecting abdominal injuries. In pericardial penetrating trauma, pooled sensitivity was 100% (45-100%), pooled specificity was 99% (96-100%), LR + was 136.7 (24.8-752.3), and LR- was 0.00 (0.00-1.22). For thoracic penetrating trauma, pooled sensitivity was 99% (93-100%) and specificity was 100% (98-100%). CONCLUSIONS: Sonography demonstrated promising diagnostic value in the initial assessment of torso penetrating trauma, particularly in the thoracic and pericardial regions. However, the sensitivity of sonography is limited in abdominal penetrating trauma and a combination with other imaging modalities should be considered in these cases.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sonography is a beneficial imaging modality for detecting elbow fractures in children, considering the lack of radiation exposure and time efficiency. This systematic review aims to determine the diagnostic value and clinical applicability of sonography and each sonographic finding in detecting pediatric elbow fractures. METHODS: Pubmed, Scopus, and WOS databases were searched for related original articles until February 25, 2023, and data related to diagnostic performance were extracted. We used the Bivariate model and hierarchic summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) approach to calculate pooled diagnostic values. Cochrane Q test and I-squared were performed to evaluate heterogeneity. We assessed heterogeneity with meta-regression. RESULTS: Eight studies were included, which involved a total number of 880 patients. According to meta-analysis, sonography demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 97% (91-99%) and specificity of 90% (80-95%), positive likelihood ratio(LR+) of 9.82 (4.59-20.97), and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.03 (0.01-0.10). For the sonographic posterior fat pad sign as a sole diagnostic sign, we calculated a Pooled Sensitivity of 80% (70-88%), Specificity of 97% (87-99%), LR+ of 28.8 (6-139.3), and LR- of 0.2 (0.13-0.31). Also, lipohemarthrosis demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 80% (70-88%), specificity of 97% (87-99%), LR+ of 28.8 (6-139.3), and LR- of 0.2 (0.13-0.31). The sensitivity of detecting fractures with cortical line disruption was significantly higher in studies that utilized a comprehensive technique compared to a conventional technique. CONCLUSIONS: Sonography is a valuable diagnostic tool for the assessment of pediatric elbow injuries, and it can be capable of confirmation or exclusion of the diagnosis.
