Comparative Evaluation of Implant Stability, Insertion Torque, and Implant Macrogeometry in Different Bone Densities Using Resonance Frequency Analysis.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: Evaluation and comparison of insertion torque (IT) and the implant stability of two different implant macrogeometry in different bone densities using resonance frequency analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 48 implants (with two implant types having regular and novel macrogeometry) were classified into 4 groups with 12 samples in each group. Group A regular implant without surface treatment, group B regular implant with surface treating, group C novel implant deprived of surface treating, and group D was new dental implant with surface treatment were used. Implant stability quotient (ISQ), implant IT, removal torque (RT) percentage, and torque reduction percentage were calculated. RESULTS: The mean ± SD ISQ value of bone 1 in group A was 56.7 ± 3.2, in group B was 58.6 ± 2.4, in group C was 57.1 ± 3.5, and in group D was 59.3 ± 2.9. In bone 2, the value was 57.8 ± 1.4, 59.5 ± 1.5, 58.2 ± 2.6, and 59.5 ± 2.4 among A, B, C, and D groups correspondingly. In bone 3, it was 59.4 ± 2.4, 60.3 ± 2.3, 60.4 ± 2.8, and 62.7 ± 2.5 among A, B, C, and D groups correspondingly. In bone 4, it was 67.2 ± 3.4, 69.5 ± 2.7, 68.7 ± 2.4, and 69.4 ± 2.3 among A, B, C, and D groups correspondingly. There was a substantial difference in IT and nonsignificant difference in RT in different groups. CONCLUSION: There was a low IT value with new implant macrogeometry as compared to regular implant macrogeometry. There was absence of association between IT and implant stability. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Calculation of torque insertion score helps in implant placement. Higher bone density scores produce a higher option of decreasing the initial torque. Low IT of new implant types is useful to reduce failure.

Effect of platelet-rich fibrin versus chitosan-based Axiostat hemostatic agent following dental extraction in cardiac patients on antiplatelet therapy: A comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a biomaterial that promotes wound healing. It has a fibrinous matrix wherein platelets, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and various growth factors along with few cells are entrapped while Chitosan is a naturally occurring cationic biopolymeric material that is derived from an animal product, chitin. It has demonstrated biological properties which include acceleration in wound healing, hemostasis, enhancement of immunological response, mucosal adhesion by eliciting biological responses, and anti-microbial action. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PRF and Axiostat (A chitosan-based product) on hemostasis after tooth extraction among cardiac patients on antiplatelet medication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was carried out on 300 patients undergoing tooth extraction. Participants were divided into two categories (n = 150, respectively) as Group I (PRF dressing) and Group II (Axiostat dressing). Time to achieve hemostasis was observed using a stopwatch. Average pain score calculation was performed using visual analog on the 7-day postoperative period. Descriptive statistics were done, and data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. P < 0.5 and < 0.001 were considered statistically significant and extremely significant, respectively. RESULTS: Average pain score was 1.86 ± 0.06 in Group I and 1.05 ± 0.87 in Group II. Thus, lower postoperative pain was seen with Axiostat dressing. Hemostasis was achieved in Group II participants in 1.25 ± 0.06 min and in 1.89 ± 0.54 min in Group I. P < 0.01 was obtained, although no statistically significant difference in postoperative pain scores (P = 0.8) was seen. CONCLUSION: Chitosan is a superior wound dressing material in achieving hemostasis in cardiac patients on antiplatelet medication after tooth extraction.

Clinical and Histopathological Analysis of Odontogenic Tumors in Institution-A 10 Years Retrospective Study.

AIM: The present study was conducted to analyze the clinical and histopathological cases of odontogenic tumors (OTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present 10-year retrospective study comprised of 104 OTs. Parameters such as name, age, gender, clinical features, location, extension, etc were noted. H and E stained slides were carefully assessed by an oral pathologist and were classified according to the latest WHO classification of head and neck tumors. RESULTS: Out of 104 OTs, the most common was ameloblastoma constituting 45 cases, KCOT (28), odontoma (17), odontogenic myxoma (4), Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) (5), cementoblastoma (3) and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (2). The p value found to be 0.01 (significant). Common OTs was ameloblastoma (25 males and 20 males), KCOT (12 males and 16 females), odontoma (10 males and 7 females), odontogenic myxoma (3 males and 1 female), CEOT (3 males and 2 females), cementoblastoma (2 males and 1 female) and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (1 male and 1 female). Ameloblastoma, KCOT, and odontoma were predominantly seen in the age group 21-30 years, CEOT and cementoblastoma in age group 31-40 years. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). Common clinical features in OTs were facial disfigurement (65), swelling (78) and pain (55). The difference was non significant (P > 0.05). The average size of ameloblastoma was 6.8cm, KCOT was 4.2 cm, odontoma was 3.9 cm, odontogenic myxoma was 2.7 cm, CEOT was 5.5 cm, cementoblastoma was 3.8 cm and Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour (COC) was 3.6 cm. The difference was non-significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Mandible exhibited more OTs as compared to the maxilla. The most common lesion was ameloblastoma, KCOT, and odontomas. We observed male predominance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The study helps in assessing the occurrence of the odontogenic tumor. This is useful for identification and clinical management.

A Clinical and Microbiological Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori in Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.

AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) with or without peptic ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 42 patients were selected for the present study from outpatient Department of Oral Medicine, and divided into control (group I) and test groups (groups II, III). A total number of 15 patients suffering from RAS based on history and clinical examination was selected as group II. A total number of 12 patients suffering concomitantly from RAS and duodenal ulcer based on history and clinical examination were selected as group III. A total number of 15 healthy subjects were selected as controls in group I. All selected subjects belonged to the age group of 16 to 45 years. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software version 19 of IBM, Chicago, Illinois, USA. RESULTS: Among all three groups, 54.8% was negative and 45.2% was positive for H. pylori. No significant relation was established between H. pylori and RAS. CONCLUSION: In the present study, there was no association of H. pylori in patients with RAS and in patients with RAS along with gastric ulcers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This clinical study evaluated the relation of H. pylori in RAS patients.