Salivary detection of high-risk human papillomavirus 16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma using polymerase chain reaction in the South Indian population.

INTRODUCTION: Human papilloma virus (HPV) has been associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as a potential carcinogen. There are several types of HPV, of which type 16 has been strongly implicated in carcinogenesis. HPV16 in saliva can potentially facilitate early detection of subclinical cases that may warrant further diagnosis, monitoring and intervention. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of HPV 16 in saliva and lesional tissue of OSCC and to determine the use of saliva as an alternative non invasive diagnostic tool in HPV16 identification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 cases of Histopathologically confirmed OSCC with HPV positive on ELISA were taken up for the study. The tumour tissue and saliva sample of each patient were obtained to detect the presence of specific HPV16 genotype by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Student t-test. RESULTS: In our study we found 28/30, 26/30 positive for HPV 16 in tissue and saliva samples respectively on PCR analysis. The P value was statistically significant (0.00). CONCLUSION: The study revealed significant prevalence of HPV 16 among both tissue and salivary specimens of OSCC patients in south Indian population. Though, the yielded content was relatively less in saliva, it can be concluded that, saliva being a non invasive tool proved to be as useful as tissue specimen and can be used as an alternative indicator of HPV16 positivity in OSCC.

Management of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis: report of a case and literature review.

Gingival hyperplasia is a rare condition and is of importance for cosmetic and mechanical reasons. Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis, a benign, slow-growing proliferation of the gingival tissues, is genetically heterogeneous. The enlargement is most intense during the eruption of the primary and permanent teeth, and minimal or nondetectable growth is observed in adults. The genetic aspect, clinical feature, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and treatment aspects are reviewed. The purpose of this paper was to report a case of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis in a 13-year-old female who had a negative family history for a similar type of gingival enlargement. The diagnosis was established through history, clinical examination, and histopathology using both hematoxylin and eosin and Van Giesen stain (a special stain for collagen). Surgical treatment, which included both gingivectomy and gingivoplasty, was carried out. The case showed remarkable esthetic and functional improvement. The patient returned after a year and showed no recurrence.