Formation of a Conducting Polymer by Different Electrochemical Techniques and Their Effect on Obtaining an Immunosensor for Immunoglobulin G.

In this work, a conducting polymer (CP) was obtained through three electrochemical procedures to study its effect on the development of an electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG-Ag) by square wave voltammetry (SWV). The glassy carbon electrode modified with poly indol-6-carboxylic acid (6-PICA) applied the cyclic voltammetry technique presented a more homogeneous size distribution of nanowires with greater adherence allowing the direct immobilization of the antibodies (IgG-Ab) to detect the biomarker IgG-Ag. Additionally, 6-PICA presents the most stable and reproducible electrochemical response used as an analytical signal for developing a label-free electrochemical immunosensor. The different steps in obtaining the electrochemical immunosensor were characterized by FESEM, FTIR, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and SWV. Optimal conditions to improve performance, stability, and reproducibility in the immunosensing platform were achieved. The prepared immunosensor has a linear detection range of 2.0-16.0 ng·mL-1 with a low detection limit of 0.8 ng·mL-1. The immunosensing platform performance depends on the orientation of the IgG-Ab, favoring the formation of the immuno-complex with an affinity constant (Ka) of 4.32 × 109 M-1, which has great potential to be used as point of care testing (POCT) device for the rapid detection of biomarkers.

Lazer e favela: produção do conhecimento em periódicos especializados / Leisure and favela: production of knowledge in specialized journals

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a produção acadêmica acerca do tema "Lazer e Periferia" nos periódicos especializados do campo do Lazer no Brasil. Buscaremos a partir desta análise, observar, por exemplo, se a periferia tem sido tratada como um lugar de ausência ou um espaço de produção cultural. Além disso, vamos investigar em que medida o Lazer se constitui como um direito para a população periférica, a partir destas publicações. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, levando em conta os periódicos voltados ao campo do Lazer no Brasil, que possuem Qualis Capes B4 ou superior. Os estudos apontam para três principais categorias de análise para compreendermos a relação entre o Lazer e a Periferia: "Equipamentos de Lazer", "Atuação e Formação Profissional de Lazer" e "Políticas Públicas". A partir destas três categorias, foi possível observar que a intervenção estatal no âmbito da garantia do direito ao Lazer precisa, antes de tudo, estar alinhada às próprias demandas das comunidades, sem, contudo, negligenciar o acesso ao patrimônio histórico-cultural que precisa ser garantido à população periférica.

This research aims to analyze the academic production on the theme "Leisure and Periphery" in specialized journals in the field of Leisure in Brazil. Based on this analysis, we will seek to observe, for example, whether the periphery has been treated as a place of absence or a space for cultural production. In addition, we will investigate to what extent Leisure constitutes a right for the peripheral population, based on these publications. For that, a literature review was carried out, taking into account the journals focused on the field of Leisure in Brazil, which have Qualis Capes B4 or higher. The studies point to three main categories of analysis to understand the relationship between Leisure and the Periphery: "Leisure Equipment", "Leisure Activities and Professional Training" and "Public Policies". From these three categories, it was possible to observe that state intervention in the scope of guaranteeing the right to Leisure needs, above all, to be aligned with the communities' own demands, without, however, neglecting access to the historical and cultural heritage that needs to be guaranteed to the peripheral population.

O lugar do amadorismo em tempos de profissionalismo no futebol da cidade de Belo Horizonte (décadas de 1930 e 1940) / The place of amateurism in times of professionalism in football in the city of Belo Horizonte (1930s and 1940s)

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar o lugar ocupado pelo regime amador no futebol da cidade de Belo Horizonte, nas décadas de 1930 e 1940. Para tanto, foi feita uma análise de trinta e seis reportagens de seis jornais que circularam no período proposto. Em suma, pode-se considerar que os anos estudados se mostraram difíceis para os clubes amadores em sua reorganização em meio ao futebol profissionalizado. Houve uma perda de valor social, que se traduziu no pouco apoio institucional. A vertente profissional, tão logo foi estabelecida, tornou-se central e os cerca de 200 clubes amadores da capital, espalhadas pelos bairros da cidade, tiveram pouca ou nenhuma visibilidade.

The article aims to analyze the place occupied by the amateur regime in soccer in the city of Belo Horizonte, in the 1930s and 1940s. To this end, an analysis was made of thirty-six reports from six newspapers that circulated during the proposed period. In summary, it can be considered that the years studied proved to be difficult for the amateur clubs in their reorganization in the midst of professionalized soccer. There was a loss of social value, which translated into little institutional support. The professional side, as soon as it was established, became central, and the nearly 200 amateur clubs in the capital, spread throughout the city's districts, had little or no visibility.

The influence of different musical modes and tempi on time perception.

Studies involving the interaction between musical mode and tempo on time perception have been carried out through comparisons between a single major mode and a single minor mode, presented in different tempi. However, classifying the modes only into major and minor has not been considered sufficient. The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of the musical mode and tempo interaction on time perception analyzing the effect of different modes performed in the slow, moderate and fast tempi. Fifty undergraduate students of both sexes individually listened to 12 musical excerpts (4 modes - Ionian, Mixolydian, Dorian and Aeolian - and 3 tempi - 72 bpm, 114 bpm, and 184 bpm), one excerpt at a time. After each excerpt, the participants performed a time-reproduction task, in which they had to press a button (beginning of the task), recal the duration of each excerpt and press a button again (end of the task). Results showed no interaction between mode and tempi and no differences between musical modes, regardless of tempo. However, regardless of the mode, excerpts in slow tempo was judged shorter than in moderate and fast tempi, respectively, and excerpts in moderate tempo was judged shorter than excerpts in fast tempo. These results can contribute to understanding the psychological processes of attention, memory and expectancy related to the perception of time in music listening situations.

Tenofovir-induced renal and bone toxicity: report of two cases and literature review.

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) is one of the drugs in the initial first-line antiretroviral regimen for the treatment of hepatitis B and HIV infections. Despite its effectiveness and few adverse effects, it is related to renal and bone toxicity. We described two cases of HIV-positive middle-aged women who had been using TDF for two and four years (cases 1 and 2, respectively) and were admitted to the emergency room. Case 1 presented with metabolic ileum and diffuse bone pain while case 2 presented with bilateral coxo-femoral pain after a fall from standing height. Both cases had similar laboratory tests: hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypouricemia and elevated plasma creatinine. In urinary exams, there was evidence of renal loss of electrolytes, justifying the serum alterations, in addition to glucosuria and proteinuria. The bone pain investigation identified bone fractures and reduced bone mineral density, together with increased levels of parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D deficiency. These two cases illustrate the spectrum of adverse renal and bone effects associated with TDF use. TDF was discontinued and treatment was focused on correcting the electrolyte disturbances and acidosis, in addition to controlling the bone disease through vitamin D and calcium supplementation. The renal changes found in both cases characterized the Fanconi's syndrome, and occurred due to TDF toxicity to proximal tubule cells mitochondria. Bone toxicity occurred due to direct interference of TDF in bone homeostasis, in addition to vitamin D deficiency and phosphaturia resulting from tubulopathy. During the follow-up, both cases evolved with chronic kidney disease and in one of them, the Fanconi's syndrome did not revert. We emphasize the need to monitor markers of bone metabolism and glomerular and tubular functions in patients using TDF.

Tenofovir-induced renal and bone toxicity: report of two cases and literature review

ABSTRACT Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) is one of the drugs in the initial first-line antiretroviral regimen for the treatment of hepatitis B and HIV infections. Despite its effectiveness and few adverse effects, it is related to renal and bone toxicity. We described two cases of HIV-positive middle-aged women who had been using TDF for two and four years (cases 1 and 2, respectively) and were admitted to the emergency room. Case 1 presented with metabolic ileum and diffuse bone pain while case 2 presented with bilateral coxo-femoral pain after a fall from standing height. Both cases had similar laboratory tests: hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypouricemia and elevated plasma creatinine. In urinary exams, there was evidence of renal loss of electrolytes, justifying the serum alterations, in addition to glucosuria and proteinuria. The bone pain investigation identified bone fractures and reduced bone mineral density, together with increased levels of parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D deficiency. These two cases illustrate the spectrum of adverse renal and bone effects associated with TDF use. TDF was discontinued and treatment was focused on correcting the electrolyte disturbances and acidosis, in addition to controlling the bone disease through vitamin D and calcium supplementation. The renal changes found in both cases characterized the Fanconi's syndrome, and occurred due to TDF toxicity to proximal tubule cells mitochondria. Bone toxicity occurred due to direct interference of TDF in bone homeostasis, in addition to vitamin D deficiency and phosphaturia resulting from tubulopathy. During the follow-up, both cases evolved with chronic kidney disease and in one of them, the Fanconi's syndrome did not revert. We emphasize the need to monitor markers of bone metabolism and glomerular and tubular functions in patients using TDF.

Rompendo os silêncios sobre o perfil do lazer da população negra no Brasil / Breaking the silences about leisure profile of black population in Brazil

A ausência de estudos sobre o lazer e a negritude é a situação que nos chamou a atenção por reforçar, no âmbito da academia, o racismo que invisibiliza produções científicas sobre essa temática. Essa ponderação denuncia a existência do epistemicídio que reforça o apagamento cultural da negritude e reafirma a construção de uma única história em que a branquitude se coloca como centro. Dessa maneira, o objetivo desse estudo é analisar a vivência do lazer de negros e negras a partir dos dados coletados na pesquisa 'Lazer no Brasil'. A coleta de dados dessa pesquisa foi realizada através de entrevistas individuais, por levantamento amostral, utilizando um questionário estruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas. O tamanho da amostra foi de 2.400 entrevistas no Brasil. Percebemos a necessidade de produção de pesquisas sobre o lazer da população negra, sobretudo, estudos que deem conta de questionar os saberes hegemônicos circulantes, constituídos como história única. Ainda que as pessoas possam construir desejos semelhantes sobre o lazer, as vivências e as barreiras impostas às pessoas negras, sobretudo às mulheres negras, constituem particularidades que precisam ser tensionadas.

The lack of studies on leisure and blackness is the situation that attracted our attention because it reinforces, within the academy, the racism that makes scientific productions on this subject invisible. This consideration denounces the existence of the epistemicide that reinforces the cultural erasure of blackness and reaffirms the construction of a single story in which whiteness is at the center. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the leisure experience of black men and women from the data collected in the 'Leisure in Brazil' survey. Data collection for this study was carried out by means of individual interviews, through a sample survey, using a structured questionnaire with open and closed-ended questions. The sample size was 2,400 interviews in Brazil. We realized the need to produce studies about the leisure of the black population, above all, studies that can interrogate the circulating hegemonic knowledge, constituted as a single story. Even though people can create similar desires about leisure, the experiences and barriers imposed on black people, especially black women, constitute features that need to be discussed.

Common beans genotypes behavior cultivated in cerrado soils of southern Tocantins / Comportamento de genótipos de feijão comum cultivados em solos de cerrado no sul do Tocantins

Common bean was originated from the Americas and has shown enormous socioeconomic importance as the main source of feeding in many countries. Due to adoption of technologies such as irrigation, the bean has been cultivated at different times throughout the year, however, the lack of cultivars adapted to the climatic conditions of the Cerrado of Tocantins has limited obtaining best yields at the time of the season. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of common bean genotypes in three cropping years in Cerrado soils. The experiments were conducted in the field at the Experimental Station of the Federal University of Tocantins in the dry season of the years 2010, 2011 and 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in a 8 x 3 factorial, consisting of eight genotypes and three years. The evaluated characteristics were plant height, the first pod height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of hundred grains and grain yield. The Princesa genotype stood out with yields above 3,000 kg ha-1 in more than a year of cultivation, demonstrating its potential for cropping systems in the State of Tocantins. The genotype BRS-Esplendor was the only genotype that showed stable behavior for all traits.

Originário das Américas o feijão comum tem apresentado enorme importância socioeconômica como principal fonte de alimento em diversos países. Devido à adoção de tecnologias como a irrigação, o feijoeiro tem sido cultivado em diferentes épocas ao longo do ano, porém, a falta de cultivares adaptadas as condições edafoclimáticas do Cerrado do Tocantins tem limitado a obtenção de melhores produtividades na época da entressafra. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desempenho produtivo de genótipos de feijão comum em três anos de cultivo em solo de Cerrado. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em campo na Estação Experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins nas entressafras dos anos 2010, 2011 e 2012. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, num esquema fatorial 8x3, constituído por oito genótipos e três anos. As características avaliadas foram altura de plantas, altura de inserção da primeira vagem, número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por vagem, massa de cem grãos e produtividade de grãos. O genótipo Princesa se destacou por apresentar produtividades acima de 3.000 kg ha-1 em mais de um ano de cultivo, demonstrando desta forma potencial para o cultivo na entressafra no Estado do Tocantins. O genótipo BRS-Esplendor foi o único genótipo que demonstrou comportamento estável para todas as características avaliadas.

Music, emotion, and time perception: the influence of subjective emotional valence and arousal?

The present study used a temporal bisection task with short (<2 s) and long (>2 s) stimulus durations to investigate the effect on time estimation of several musical parameters associated with emotional changes in affective valence and arousal. In order to manipulate the positive and negative valence of music, Experiments 1 and 2 contrasted the effect of musical structure with pieces played normally and backwards, which were judged to be pleasant and unpleasant, respectively. This effect of valence was combined with a subjective arousal effect by changing the tempo of the musical pieces (fast vs. slow) (Experiment 1) or their instrumentation (orchestral vs. piano pieces). The musical pieces were indeed judged more arousing with a fast than with a slow tempo and with an orchestral than with a piano timbre. In Experiment 3, affective valence was also tested by contrasting the effect of tonal (pleasant) vs. atonal (unpleasant) versions of the same musical pieces. The results showed that the effect of tempo in music, associated with a subjective arousal effect, was the major factor that produced time distortions with time being judged longer for fast than for slow tempi. When the tempo was held constant, no significant effect of timbre on the time judgment was found although the orchestral music was judged to be more arousing than the piano music. Nevertheless, emotional valence did modulate the tempo effect on time perception, the pleasant music being judged shorter than the unpleasant music.

Emoções de uma escuta musical afetam a percepção subjetiva de tempo / Emotions from listening to music affect the subjective perception of time

Este estudo verificou se emoções percebidas durante uma escuta musical influenciam a percepção temporal. Músicos e não músicos foram submetidos a tarefas de escuta de trechos musicais do repertório erudito ocidental com 20 segundos de duração cada um e tarefas de associação temporal de cada trecho ouvido a durações padrões, que variavam de 16 a 24 segundos. Os trechos musicais empregados eram representativos de uma dentre as categorias emocionais Alegria, Tristeza, Serenidade ou Medo / Raiva. Uma análise de variância mostrou que, enquanto os não músicos apresentaram subestimações temporais associadas a pelo menos um trecho musical de cada uma das categorias emocionais, os músicos subestimaram todos os trechos musicais tristes, relacionados às características de baixo arousal e valência afetiva negativa.

This study examined whether perceived emotions during music listening tasks influence time perception. Musicians and non-musicians were submitted to tasks of listening to musical excerpts from Western classical repertoire of 20 seconds and tasks of temporal association of each piece of music to standard durations, ranging from 16 to 24 seconds. Musical excerpts were representative from one of the following emotional categories: Happiness, Sadness, Threat and Peacefulness. An analysis of variance showed that, while non-musicians showed temporal underestimations associated with, at least, one piece of music from each emotional category, musicians underestimated all sad musical excerpts, related to low arousal and negative valence features.

Emoções de uma escuta musical afetam a percepção subjetiva de tempo / Emotions from listening to music affect the subjective perception of time

Este estudo verificou se emoções percebidas durante uma escuta musical influenciam a percepção temporal. Músicos e não músicos foram submetidos a tarefas de escuta de trechos musicais do repertório erudito ocidental com 20 segundos de duração cada um e tarefas de associação temporal de cada trecho ouvido a durações padrões, que variavam de 16 a 24 segundos. Os trechos musicais empregados eram representativos de uma dentre as categorias emocionais Alegria, Tristeza, Serenidade ou Medo / Raiva. Uma análise de variância mostrou que, enquanto os não músicos apresentaram subestimações temporais associadas a pelo menos um trecho musical de cada uma das categorias emocionais, os músicos subestimaram todos os trechos musicais tristes, relacionados às características de baixo arousal e valência afetiva negativa.(AU)

This study examined whether perceived emotions during music listening tasks influence time perception. Musicians and non-musicians were submitted to tasks of listening to musical excerpts from Western classical repertoire of 20 seconds and tasks of temporal association of each piece of music to standard durations, ranging from 16 to 24 seconds. Musical excerpts were representative from one of the following emotional categories: Happiness, Sadness, Threat and Peacefulness. An analysis of variance showed that, while non-musicians showed temporal underestimations associated with, at least, one piece of music from each emotional category, musicians underestimated all sad musical excerpts, related to low arousal and negative valence features.(AU)

A experiência de estudantes de enfermagem em um grupo de educação em saúde: uma abordagem dialógica / Nursing students? experience in a health education group: a dialogic approach

Objetivo: Fazer uma reflexão teórica sobre a experiência de estudantes de Enfermagem em um grupo de educação em saúde, no município de Campinas-SP, tendo como referencial teórico-metodológico o Modelo Dialógico. Síntese dos Dados: Tratou-se de um relato de experiência, realizado em um Centro de Saúde do Distrito de Saúde Sudoeste, no município de Campinas-SP, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2009. Este Grupo foi dividido em 04 subgrupos de, em média, 60 usuários cada, sendo realizadas avaliação diagnóstica; identificação de temáticas a serem trabalhadas com os usuários e planejamento e execução de dinâmicas de grupo. A metodologia desenvolvida nas atividades educativas baseava-se no referencial teórico do Modelo Dialógico de Educação em Saúde. Por meio das dinâmicas de grupo, promoveram-se três mudanças na forma de pensar e fazer educação em saúde: i) do enfoque biologicista à apreensão multidimensional do indivíduo; ii) ao compartilhar, nós aprendemos: o princípio da bidirecionalidade; e iii) saber, não-saber ou sabemos? O princípio da simetria. Conclusão: Demonstra-se a viabilidade e operacionalidade do Modelo Dialógico para intervenções educativas em saúde.

Objective: To conduct a theoretical reflection on the experience of nursing students in a group of health education, in Campinas-SP, having as theoretical and methodological referential the Dialogical Model. Data Synthesis: This was an experience report, conducted in a Health Center of Southwest Health District, located in Campinas-SP, in the period from August to December 2009. This group was divided into 04 subgroups of on average 60 users each, being held diagnostic evaluation, identification of issues to be worked with users and planning and execution of group dynamics. The methodology developed in the educational activities was based on the theoretical Dialogical Model of Health Education. By means of group dynamics three changes were promoted in the way in which health education is thought and conducted: i) from a biologicist focus to the multidimensional apprehension of the individual; ii) through sharing, we learn: the principle of bidirectionality; iii) to know, not to know or do we know? The principle of symmetry. Conclusions: The viability and operability of the Dialogic Model for health education interventions is demonstrated.

Time flies with music whatever its emotional valence.

The present study used a temporal bisection task to investigate whether music affects time estimation differently from a matched auditory neutral stimulus, and whether the emotional valence of the musical stimuli (i.e., sad vs. happy music) modulates this effect. The results showed that, compared to sine wave control music, music presented in a major (happy) or a minor (sad) key shifted the bisection function toward the right, thus increasing the bisection point value (point of subjective equality). This indicates that the duration of a melody is judged shorter than that of a non-melodic control stimulus, thus confirming that "time flies" when we listen to music. Nevertheless, sensitivity to time was similar for all the auditory stimuli. Furthermore, the temporal bisection functions did not differ as a function of musical mode.

Fatores emocionais durante uma escuta musical afetam a percepção temporal de músicos e não músicos? / Emotional factors during music listening tasks affect time perception of musicians and nonmusicians?

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar o papel das emoções desencadeadas pela música percepção temporal de músicos e não músicos. Quatro experimentos foram realizados: no Experimento I, músicos e não músicos realizaram tarefas de associações emocionais a trechos musicais de 36 segundos de duração, pertencentes ao repertório erudito ocidental. A tarefa consistia em escutar cada trecho musical e associá-lo às categorias emocionais Alegria, Serenidade, Tristeza, Medo ou Raiva. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos trechos musicais desencadeou uma única emoção específica nos ouvintes; além disso, as associações emocionais dos músicos foram semelhantes às associações emocionais dos não músicos para maioria dos trechos musicais apresentados. No Experimento II, músicos e não músicos realizaram tarefas de associação temporal aos trechos musicais mais representativos de cada emoção, utilizados no Experimento I. Assim, os trechos musicais eram apresentados e os participantes deveriam associar cada um deles a durações de 16, 18, 20, 22 ou 24 segundos. : resultados mostraram que, para o grupo Músicos, os três trechos musicais associados à tristeza foram subestimados em relação às suas durações reais; nenhuma outra categoria emocional apresentou mais do que um trecho musical sendo subestimado ou superestimado em relação a suas durações reais, para ambos os grupos. Pesquisas recentes em Psicologia da Música têm mostrado duas propriedades estruturais como sendo moduladoras da percepção emoções específicas durante uma escuta musical: o modo (organização das notas dentro de uma escala musical) e o andamento (número de batidas por minuto). Assim, no Experimento III, músicos e não músicos realizaram tarefas de associações emocionais a composições musicais construídas em sete modos (Jônio, Dórico, Frígio, Lídio, Mixolídio, Eólio e Lócrio) e três andamentos (adágio, moderato e presto)...(AU)

Reflexões sobre o vestibular para a carreira de música da UNICAMP: um estudo preliminar / Some reflexions about the UNICAMP entrance exam for the music career: a prelimary study

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi iniciar um debate sobre o processo seletivo para a carreira de Música da UNICAMP, através da perspectiva de estudantes e professores de música. A pesquisa contou com 20 participantes, sendo 10 estudantes em processo de preparação para o exame vestibular para a carreira de Música e 10 profissionais responsáveis pela preparação musical destes alunos. A pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas: contatos institucionais, aplicação de questionários via Internet e uma entrevista oral, com questões de opinião sobre o vestibular de música e questões sobre a formação musical de cada participante. Os resultados mostraram opiniões convergentes e divergentes entre os professores e os alunos, abrindo assim, espaço para debates futuros.

The aim of this study was to investigate the selection process for Music Career at UNICAMP (Universidade Estadual de Campinas) according to the candidates’ and the music teachers’ points of view. The subjects were 10 preparatory course students and 10 music teachers. The participants answered questionnaires via internet an one oral interview about the music entrance exam and their musical training. The results showed diverging opinions between teachers and students, showing the need for further debates.

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar cuestiones sobre el proceso selectivo para la carrera de música de la UNICAMP, según la perspectiva de estudiantes y profesores de música. Esta investigación fue hecha con la participación de 20 personas: 10 estudiantes, con edad de entre 16 y 24 años, en fase de preparación para el examen de acceso a la carrera de música y 10 profesores de música, con edad de entre 27 y 58 años, responsables por la preparación de estos alumnos para la realización del referido examen. La investigación fue dividida en tres etapas: contactos institucionales, aplicación de cuestionarios por la Internet y una entrevista oral, con cuestiones sobre el examen de música y sobre la formación musical de cada participante. Los resultados indican que el formato actual del proceso selectivo en música de la UNICAMP podría examinar a los candidatos de forma más consistente. El autor presenta sugestiones sobre el proceso selectivo en música en las universidades.

Reflexões sobre o vestibular para a carreira de música da UNICAMP: um estudo preliminar / Some reflexions about the UNICAMP entrance exam for the music career: a prelimary study

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi iniciar um debate sobre o processo seletivo para a carreira de Música da UNICAMP, através da perspectiva de estudantes e professores de música. A pesquisa contou com 20 participantes, sendo 10 estudantes em processo de preparação para o exame vestibular para a carreira de Música e 10 profissionais responsáveis pela preparação musical destes alunos. A pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas: contatos institucionais, aplicação de questionários via Internet e uma entrevista oral, com questões de opinião sobre o vestibular de música e questões sobre a formação musical de cada participante. Os resultados mostraram opiniões convergentes e divergentes entre os professores e os alunos, abrindo assim, espaço para debates futuros. (AU)

Musical mode and estimation of time.

This study assesses whether different musical modes can influence the subjective estimation of time. The three musical stimuli, each of 64.3 sec. duration, had the same harmonic structure, although each was constructed in a different mode: Ionian (major), Aeolian (minor), or Locrian (diminished) mode. Study participants were 108 undergraduate students (56 men and 52 women) in Education (n = 41), Psychology (n = 32), or Law (n = 35), ages 17 to 35 years and nonmusicians, who were divided into three groups by the musical stimuli presented. Participants listened to the stimulus, made a temporal estimation of the stimulus duration, and provided a written verbal rating of mood state. Analysis of variance indicated the Locrian stimulus was estimated as longer than the Aeolian and Ionian stimuli which suggested the dissonant (unpleasant) stimuli was associated with a longer estimated duration than consonant (pleasant) stimuli.