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1.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado São Paulo, Supl. ; 34(2B): 206-206, abr-jun. 2024.
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1562008

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O Pseudoaneurisma do ventrículo esquerdo (PSAVE), aneurisma de ventrículo esquerdo (VE) e trombo mural são ocorrências incomuns no infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), sendo o PSAVE uma complicação ainda mais rara, correspondendo a menos de 0,1% dos pacientes com diagnóstico de IAM e com alta letalidade. Decorrem de ruptura miocárdica por necrose e o tratamento definitivo cirúrgico modifica o curso natural da doença. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente masculino, 70 anos, com hipertensão e diabetes apresentou IAM com supradesnivelamento de ST (IAMCSST) de parede anterior, sem reperfusão e foi submetido à estratificação invasiva em outro serviço após 72 horas. Foi tratado com implante de Stent farmacológico na artéria descendente anterior. Procurou assistência médica após 2 meses devido a quadro de insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Realizado ecocardiograma transtorácico que evidenciou PSAVE, recebendo alta com orientação de procurar esta instituição. Nova ecocardiografia evidenciou fração de ejeção do VE de 22% e grande aneurisma da região apical do VE, trombo mural e PSAVE na região ínfero-apical. Recebeu manejo com inotrópico intravenoso e após melhora clínica foi encaminhado para aneurismectomia com reconstrução do VE roto e trombectomia. Recebeu alta da UTI com18 dias de pós-operatório. DISCUSSÃO: Complicações mecânicas decorrentes da rotura por necrose miocárdica estão associadas à elevada mortalidade e as apresentações tardias após o evento agudo são relatos de seleção natural e achados incidentais. São associadas à necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico, especialmente em casos agudos, quando a ruptura pode ser fatal em até 45% dos casos. Na fase crônica, os sintomas por vezes são inespecíficos, podendo se apresentar com IC, insuficiência mitral, embolia sistêmica e arritmias cardíacas. CONCLUSÃO: Até o presente momento, este representa o primeiro relato de caso de tripla ocorrência de complicações associadas à grande massa miocárdica necrótica na era contemporânea da intervenção coronária percutânea no Brasil. Reiteramos a relevância dos casos com IAMCSST serem tratados com reperfusão precoce, fator independente para redução de mortalidade e salvamento miocárdico, portanto com menor risco desenvolvimento dessas complicações em pacientes tratados com implante de stent coronario após IAM, porém associada à elevada morbimortalidade na fase aguda. Sua suspeição, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento cirúrgico são essenciais para um desfecho clínico favorável.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Thrombosis , Myocardial Infarction
2.
J Dent ; 144: 104918, 2024 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38461887

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of airborne particle abrasion (APA) on micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) to dentin using different air-abrasion/polishing powders. METHODS: The bonding effectiveness of G2 Bond Universal (G2B), used in etch-and-rinse (E&R) and self-etch mode (SE), was tested on bur-cut dentin and dentin air abraded/polished using six different powders (aluminum oxide 29 µm (AO29) and 53 µm (AO53), aluminum trihydroxide (AT), sodium bicarbonate (SB), sodium bicarbonate soft (SBsoft) and bioactive glass (BG); Velopex). Adhesive-composite resin specimens were immersed in distilled water at 37 °C for one week and cut into microspecimens. Half of the specimens were subjected to 50,000 thermocycles (aged). Immediate and aged µTBS to dentin were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed-effects (LME) modeling (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Comparing the aged bond strengths to air-abraded/polished dentin with bur-cut dentin, pretreatment with SB and SBsoft in combination with G2B used in E&R mode, and BG air polishing in combination with both application modes (E&R, SE), resulted in a significantly higher bond strength. Dentin bond strength was only significantly lower when air abraded with AO29 and using G2B in SE mode. Aging did not significantly influence bond strength for both application modes (E&R, SE), except for AO29 and AT-treated dentin, where bond strengths decrea sed significantly using G2B in SE mode. In general, G2B reached significantly higher bond strengths on air-abraded/polished dentin in E&R mode than in SE mode. CONCLUSION: Air-abrasion/polishing did not impair dentin bond strength using G2B, except when dentin was air abraded with AO29 and using G2B in SE mode. Air polishing positively influenced the bond strength to dentin in specific groups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: APA is safe concerning bonding to dentin. The E&R application mode is preferred using G2B as adhesive on air-abraded/polished dentin. Air polishing with BG positively influenced dentin bond strength for both application methods.


Subject(s)
Air Abrasion, Dental , Composite Resins , Dental Bonding , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Dentin , Materials Testing , Resin Cements , Surface Properties , Tensile Strength , Dental Bonding/methods , Humans , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Dental Stress Analysis , Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Dental Polishing/methods , Stress, Mechanical , Dental Materials/chemistry , Powders
3.
Braz J Biol ; 83: e274016, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37610947

ABSTRACT

The scale mealybug, Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché, 1833) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is one of the main pests of the cactus pear in Brazil. The objective was to study biological aspects of D. echinocacti at the constant temperatures of 25, 28, 30, 33 and 35 °C with relative humidity of 60 ± 10% and photoperiod of 12 hours in the laboratory on the cactus pear cultivar, "Orelha de Elefante Mexicana", Opuntia stricta [Haw.] Haw. The development period (22 to 35 days) and survival in the egg (92 to 100%) and nymph (21.8 to 100%) stages and of the egg-adult cycle (20 to 100%), longevity (34.1 to 59.6 days) and fecundity (33 to 112 eggs) of D. echinocacti females with the different temperature and absence of males at the highest temperatures (> 30°C), indicated that the range between 25 °C and 30°C is the most favorable for this scale mealybug. This information may help to improve integrated management programs for D. echinocacti, in areas subject to seasonal temperature changes in the Brazilian regions where cactus pear is cultivated.


Subject(s)
Hemiptera , Opuntia , Female , Male , Animals , Temperature , Brazil , Fertility
4.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol ; 11: 1227212, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37588136

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Microbial systems, such as Escherichia coli, as host recombinant expression is the most versatile and the cheapest system for protein production, however, several obstacles still remain, such as recovery of soluble and functional proteins from inclusion bodies, elimination of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) contamination, incomplete synthesis, degradation by proteases, and the lack of post-translational modifications, which becomes even more complex when comes to membrane proteins, because they are difficult not only to produce but also to keep in solution in its active state. T-cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) is a type I transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, playing a role as a negative immune checkpoint receptor. TIM-3 comprises a single ectodomain for interaction with immune system soluble and cellular components, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail, responsible for the binding of signaling and scaffolding molecules. TIM-3 pathway holds potential as a therapeutic target for immunotherapy against tumors, autoimmunity, chronic virus infections, and various malignancies, however, many aspects of the biology of this receptor are still incompletely understood, especially regarding its ligands. Methods: Here we overcome, for the first time, the challenge of the production of active immune checkpoint protein recovered from bacterial cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, being able to obtain an active, and non-glycosylated TIM-3 ectodomain (TIM-3-ECD), which can be used as a tool to better understand the interactions and roles of this immune checkpoint. The TIM-3 refolding was obtained by the association of high pressure and alkaline pH. Results: The purified TIM-3-ECD showed the correct secondary structure and was recognized from anti-TIM-3 structural-dependent antibodies likewise commercial TIM-3-ECD was produced by a mammal cells system. Furthermore, immunofluorescence showed the ability of TIM-3-ECD to bind to the surface of lung cancer A549 cells and to provide an additional boost for the expression of the lymphocyte activation marker CD69 in anti-CD3/CD28 activated human PBMC. Discussion: Taken together these results validated a methodology able to obtain active checkpoint proteins from bacterial inclusion bodies, which will be helpful to further investigate the interactions of this and others not yet explored immune checkpoints.

5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 75(2): 199-204, Mar.-Apr. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1427476

ABSTRACT

Sea turtles are endangered animals that present cosmopolitan distribution. Anthropic actions have been considered important causes for the reduction of sea turtle population, but natural aspects such as parasitism may also contribute to their decline. This study aimed to report the occurrence of parasites in stranded dead sea turtles found in an area known as Potiguar Basin, northeastern Brazil, from 2010 to 2019. They were identified and classified according to the carapace length. At post-mortem analyses all organs were examined, parasites collected and morphologically identified. Ecological parasitic indexes as prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA) were calculated. A total of 80 Chelonia mydas and 5 Eretmochelys imbricata were assessed. Neoctangium travassosi was detected in both species presenting P = 20%, MI = 4.19 and MA = 0.84 for C. mydas and P = 60%, MI = 1.67 and MA = 1.0 for E. imbricata. This is the first report of N. travassosi parasitizing E. imbricata in South America. Finally, the retrieval of these parasites is a warning regarding the need for further studies to assess the impact of this parasitism on the health and conservation of sea turtles.


As tartarugas marinhas são animais ameaçados de extinção que apresentam distribuição cosmopolita. Ações antrópicas têm sido consideradas causas importantes para a redução da população de tartarugas marinhas, mas aspectos naturais, como o parasitismo, também, podem contribuir para o seu declínio. Este estudo objetivou relatar a ocorrência de parasitos em tartarugas marinhas, encalhadas mortas, encontradas em uma área conhecida como Bacia Potiguar, nordeste do Brasil, de 2010 a 2019. Essas foram identificadas e classificadas de acordo com o comprimento da carapaça. Nas análises post mortem, todos os órgãos foram examinados, e os parasitos coletados e identificados morfologicamente. Foram calculados índices parasitários ecológicos, como prevalência (P), intensidade média (IM) e abundância média (AM). Um total de 80 Chelonia mydas e cinco Eretmochelys imbricata foi estudado. Neoctangium travassosi foi detectado em ambas as espécies, apresentando P = 20%, MI = 4,19 e MA = 0,84 para C. mydas e P = 60%, IM = 1,67 e AM = 1,0 para E. imbricata. Este é o primeiro relato de N. travassossi parasitando E. imbricata na América do Sul. Conclui-se que a recuperação desses parasitos soa como um alerta para a necessidade de mais estudos para avaliar o impacto desse parasitismo na saúde e na conservação das tartarugas marinhas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Trematoda/pathogenicity , Turtles/parasitology , Marine Fauna , Helminthiasis , South America
6.
Oper Dent ; 48(3): 294-303, 2023 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36656317

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to compare the fracture toughness of molars with wide mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities restored with regular and flowable bulk-fill resin composite and a conventional resin composite after 250,000 mechanical cycles of chewing simulation. Thirty-two extracted mandibular third molars were selected and class II MOD cavities involving 2/3 of the intercuspal width and 4 mm depth were prepared. Teeth were divided into four groups based on resin composite type and insertion technique (n=8): (1) CT, unprepared teeth (control); (2) CV, conventional resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent) with incremental technique; (3) R-BF, regular bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) with a single increment; and (4) F-BF, flowable bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) with a single increment, except for a 1-mm-thick layer at the occlusal surface, restored with conventional resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram). All specimens were evaluated to detect the presence and propagation of enamel cracks using a LED transilluminator before and after 250,000 mechanical cycles (SD Mechatronic GmbH). After a chewing simulation, they were subjected to a compressive force in a universal testing machine (DL-2000, EMIC) until fracture. The maximum fracture load of the specimens was measured (N) and the fracture patterns were classified based on the fracture site (above or below the cementoenamel junction [CEJ]). Data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA. All specimens survived after 250,000 mechanical cycles, and no statistically significant differences among groups were observed regarding the fracture toughness (p<0.05). The fracture analysis demonstrated that failures below the CEJ were more common in CV (75%), while CT, R-BF, and F-BF showed this type of failure in 38%, 63%, and 63% of the specimens, respectively. The results of the crack analysis showed that the occurrence of new cracks and crack propagation was also higher in CV (33.3%), followed by R-BF, F-BF, and CT (14%, 14%, and 11% of the specimens, respectively). Teeth restored with regular and flowable bulk-fill composites showed similar fracture toughness after the chewing simulation compared to those restored with the conventional resin composite and unprepared teeth. Furthermore, teeth restored with both regular and flowable bulk-fill composites showed a lower incidence of enamel cracks and fractures below the CEJ compared to those restored with the conventional resin composite.


Subject(s)
Composite Resins , Mastication , Composite Resins/therapeutic use , Acrylic Resins , Polyurethanes , Molar , Materials Testing , Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods
7.
Environ Res ; 216(Pt 4): 114772, 2023 01 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36379235

ABSTRACT

In this work nanocomposites based on alginate (Alg) and halloysite as a nanotubular clay (Hy) were developed. Characterization techniques reveal that Hy/Alg nanocomposites are cation exchangers with predominantly negative charge density and good thermal stability. The adsorption equilibrium of Cd(II) in aqueous solution onto Hy/Alg nanocomposites revealed that by increasing the mass of halloysite in the nanocomposite, the adsorption capacity diminished significantly due to the halloysite-alginate interactions. Maximum adsorption capacities of 8, 65, 88, and 132 mg/g of Cd(II) were obtained for samples Hy, Hy/Alg 50%, Hy/Alg 95%, and Alg, respectively. In addition, the adsorption equilibrium of Cd(II) on the Hy/Alg bionanocomposites was affected by the pH and temperature of the solution, demonstrating the presence of electrostatic interactions during adsorption and that this is an exothermic process. The controlling mechanism of adsorption was cation exchange influenced by electrostatic forces. The Cd(II) adsorption rate studies were interpreted by the diffusion-permeation model and reveal that the presence of Hy in the structure of the nanocomposites enhances the permeation coefficient, that is, the adsorption rate was increased. The values of the permeation coefficient varied from 1.95 × 10-7 to 8.50 × 10-7 cm2/s for Hy/Alg 50% and from 1.70 × 10-7 to 3.55 × 10-7 cm2/s for Hy/Alg 95%.


Subject(s)
Alginates , Nanocomposites , Clay/chemistry , Adsorption , Alginates/chemistry , Cadmium , Minerals , Kinetics , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
8.
Braz. j. biol ; 83: e274016, 2023. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1505858

ABSTRACT

The scale mealybug, Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché, 1833) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is one of the main pests of the cactus pear in Brazil. The objective was to study biological aspects of D. echinocacti at the constant temperatures of 25, 28, 30, 33 and 35 °C with relative humidity of 60 ± 10% and photoperiod of 12 hours in the laboratory on the cactus pear cultivar, "Orelha de Elefante Mexicana", Opuntia stricta [Haw.] Haw. The development period (22 to 35 days) and survival in the egg (92 to 100%) and nymph (21.8 to 100%) stages and of the egg-adult cycle (20 to 100%), longevity (34.1 to 59.6 days) and fecundity (33 to 112 eggs) of D. echinocacti females with the different temperature and absence of males at the highest temperatures (> 30°C), indicated that the range between 25 °C and 30°C is the most favorable for this scale mealybug. This information may help to improve integrated management programs for D. echinocacti, in areas subject to seasonal temperature changes in the Brazilian regions where cactus pear is cultivated.


A cochonilha-escama, Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché, 1833) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), é uma das principais pragas da palma forrageira no Brasil. O objetivo foi estudar aspectos biológicos de D. echinocacti nas temperaturas constantes de 25, 28, 30, 33 e 35 °C, umidade relativa de 60 ± 10% e fotoperíodo de 12 horas em laboratório na cultivar de palma forrageira, "Orelha de Elefante Mexicana", Opuntia stricta [Haw.] Haw. O período de desenvolvimento (22 a 35 dias) e a sobrevivência nas fases de ovo (92 a 100%) e ninfa (21,8 a 100%) e o ciclo ovo-adulto (20 a 100%), longevidade (34,1 a 59,6 dias) e fecundidade (33 a 112 ovos) de fêmeas de D. echinocacti nas diferentes temperaturas e ausência de machos nas maiores (> 30°C) indicam ser a faixa entre 25°C e 30°C a mais favorável para esta cochonilha de escama. Essas informações podem auxiliar no aprimoramento de programas de manejo integrado de D. echinocacti em áreas sujeitas a variações sazonais de temperatura nas regiões brasileiras onde a palma forrageira é cultivada.


Subject(s)
Temperature , Agricultural Pests , Opuntia/parasitology , Hemiptera
9.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol, v. 11, jul. 2023
Article in English | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: bud-5086

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Microbial systems, such as Escherichia coli, as host recombinant expression is the most versatile and the cheapest system for protein production, however, several obstacles still remain, such as recovery of soluble and functional proteins from inclusion bodies, elimination of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) contamination, incomplete synthesis, degradation by proteases, and the lack of post-translational modifications, which becomes even more complex when comes to membrane proteins, because they are difficult not only to produce but also to keep in solution in its active state. T-cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) is a type I transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, playing a role as a negative immune checkpoint receptor. TIM-3 comprises a single ectodomain for interaction with immune system soluble and cellular components, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail, responsible for the binding of signaling and scaffolding molecules. TIM-3 pathway holds potential as a therapeutic target for immunotherapy against tumors, autoimmunity, chronic virus infections, and various malignancies, however, many aspects of the biology of this receptor are still incompletely understood, especially regarding its ligands. Methods: Here we overcome, for the first time, the challenge of the production of active immune checkpoint protein recovered from bacterial cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, being able to obtain an active, and non-glycosylated TIM-3 ectodomain (TIM-3-ECD), which can be used as a tool to better understand the interactions and roles of this immune checkpoint. The TIM-3 refolding was obtained by the association of high pressure and alkaline pH. Results: The purified TIM-3-ECD showed the correct secondary structure and was recognized from anti-TIM-3 structural-dependent antibodies likewise commercial TIM-3-ECD was produced by a mammal cells system. Furthermore, immunofluorescence showed the ability of TIM-3-ECD to bind to the surface of lung cancer A549 cells and to provide an additional boost for the expression of the lymphocyte activation marker CD69 in anti-CD3/CD28 activated human PBMC. Discussion: Taken together these results validated a methodology able to obtain active checkpoint proteins from bacterial inclusion bodies, which will be helpful to further investigate the interactions of this and others not yet explored immune checkpoints.

10.
J Forensic Odontostomatol ; 40(2): 31-37, 2022 08 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36027896

ABSTRACT

Reports of deaths caused by alligators or crocodiles are rare in the literature. These deaths may be related to sharp force trauma caused by the teeth of these animals, with or without mutilation, or even drowning after seizure and submersion of the victim. It is difficult to forensically identify bodies in cases of mutilation of the upper limbs during the attack or when the corpse is in an advanced stage of skeletonization. Smile photographs are an important source of ante-mortem references for comparison. We report a human identification based on a photograph of a victim, with the absence of limbs caused by an alligator attack and the advanced skeletonization stage due to scavenger fish action in the Amazon within only 36 hours after his disappearance. The description of alligator attacks and the marks observed on the victim's body are essential to help medical and forensic professionals diagnose the injuries found and, consequently, define the cause of death.


Subject(s)
Alligators and Crocodiles , Forensic Anthropology , Forensic Dentistry , Photography , Animals , Brazil , Forensic Anthropology/methods , Forensic Dentistry/methods , Humans , Rainforest , Smiling
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 74(4): 749-753, July-Aug. 2022. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1393902

ABSTRACT

Os marsupiais estão envolvidos no ciclo de vida de vários patógenos de interesse médico e veterinário. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a ocorrência de parasitos gastrointestinais em marsupiais capturados em fragmentos da Mata Atlântica, estado de Sergipe, nordeste do Brasil. De junho de 2017 a janeiro de 2018, marsupiais foram capturados usando-se armadilhas, e foram obtidas amostras fecais frescas após defecação espontânea. Os animais foram identificados morfometricamente e as fezes analisadas pela técnica FLOTAC. Foram capturados 88 animais, sendo 37 Marmosops incanus, 30 Marmosa demerarae, 20 Didelphis albiventris e 01 Marmosa murina. A espécie mais parasitada foi D. albiventris (45,95%) seguida de M. incanus (43,24%) e M. demerarae (23,3%). No geral, ovos de helmintos foram detectados em 47,72% (42/88) das amostras, enquanto oocistos de protozoários em 32,95% (29/88). Ovos de Ancylostoma sp. predominaram sobre outros parasitos. Este estudo aponta para a ocorrência de parasitos gastrointestinais e contribui para um melhor entendimento do parasitismo em marsupiais que vivem em fragmentos florestais da Mata Atlântica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Parasites , Oocysts , Helminths , Ancylostoma , Marsupialia , Brazil
12.
Oper Dent ; 47(2): 131-137, 2022 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35290465

ABSTRACT

This clinical case describes an esthetic rehabilitation of a young patient presenting with erosive tooth wear. The etiological factors for the erosion in this clinical case was excessive carbonated beverages and lemon water intake. The patient's main complaint was the yellowish aspect of her smile. The treatment procedure selected was direct resin composite veneers in the six maxillary anterior teeth. A three-year follow-up of the case is presented. The three-year follow-up showed a successful clinical performance of the treatment procedure after a finishing/polishing protocol.


Subject(s)
Dental Veneers , Tooth Erosion , Composite Resins/therapeutic use , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Tooth Erosion/therapy
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 74(1): 101-110, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1374392

ABSTRACT

Anomalocardia brasiliana is an intertidal filter-feeding clam that can accumulate enterobacteria, such as Escherichia coli, and consequently affect human health. Shellfish depuration is a procedure which reduces microbiological contaminants; however, salinity and depuration time can vary across species to adequately reduce bacteria load. To analyze the effect of salinity on the bioaccumulation and depuration of E. coli by A. brasiliana, this study evaluated salinity and depuration time in animals artificially contaminated with E. coli. Each experimental group of clams were acclimated for 6 hours in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and then exposed to E. coli for 18 hours. Following exposure, clams were then held at one of four salinities (35, 30, 25 e 20) for a period of one of four depuration times (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48h). The highest bioaccumulation of E. coli in A. brasiliana was observed in clams held at salinities of 35, 30 and 25. The greatest reduction of E. coli in A. brasiliana was observed in clams held at 25 for 48 hours. A salinity of 20 showed low bioaccumulation and depuration of E. coli. The results of this study will contribute to developing a protocol for depurating A. brasiliana to mitigate human health concerns.


Anomalocardia brasiliana é um molusco de areia filtrador que habita entremarés, o qual pode acumular enterobactérias como E. coli e, consequentemente, afetar o ser humano. A depuração de moluscos é o procedimento para reduzir a contaminação; para isso, é necessária uma adequada qualidade da água. A fim de analisar o efeito da salinidade na bioacumulação e na depuração de E. coli por A. brasiliana, o presente estudo avaliou quatro salinidades (35, 30, 25 e 20) e quatro tempos de depuração (0, 12, 24, 36 e 48h) em animais contaminados artificialmente com E. coli. Todos os moluscos foram aclimatados por seis horas e posteriormente expostos a E. coli por 18h no sistema de depuração. O experimento de depuração foi realizado em um sistema de recirculação de água (RAS). A maior bioacumulação de E. coli em A. brasiliana foi observada nas salinidades de 35, 30 e 25, e a maior redução de E. coli nos animais foi observada na salinidade de 25, após 48h de depuração. A salinidade de 20 apresentou uma baixa bioacumulação de E. coli. A maior redução de E. coli em A. brasiliana foi observada na salinidade 25 depois de 48h de depuração. Os resultados do presente estudo podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um protocolo de depuração para essa espécie.


Subject(s)
Animals , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Cardiidae/microbiology , Bioaccumulation , Metabolic Clearance Rate , Salinity
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 74(1): 43-50, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab, ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1374396

ABSTRACT

Dogs and cats are frequently affected by gastrointestinal parasites of medical and veterinary concern. The correct diagnosis is pivotal to the treatment outcome, reducing the risk of environmental contamination and spreading of these pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of domiciled dogs and cats in an urban area of Northeastern Brazil, as well as to discuss the findings from a "One Health" perspective. Fecal samples (n = 231) of dogs (n = 126) and cats (n = 105) were obtained directly from the environment after spontaneous defecation, and subsequently analyzed through the Mini-FLOTAC and Baermann techniques. Of all samples, 28.14% (65/231) presented immature forms of gastrointestinal parasites, with 31.75% (40/126) and 23.81% (25/105) of dogs and cats positive, respectively (x 2 = 1.413; p = 0.2345). Two genera of helminths (Ancylostoma and Toxocara) and two genera of protozoa (Cystoisospora and Entamoeba) were identified. Additionally, co-infections were observed in 15% (6/40) of positive dogs and 28% (7/25) of positive cats (p = 0.2207). None metastrongyloid larvae were detected. In conclusion, animals herein assessed presented a high prevalence of zoonotic gastrointestinal nematodes. Therefore, preventive measures against these neglected parasites should be stimulated.


Cães e gatos são frequentemente afetados por parasitos gastrointestinais de interesse médico e veterinário. Em áreas urbanas, onde esses animais apresentam uma relação próxima com o homem, o diagnóstico correto é fundamental para o resultado do tratamento, reduzindo o risco de contaminação ambiental e de disseminação desses patógenos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência de parasitos gastrointestinais infectando cães e gatos domiciliados em uma área urbana do Nordeste do Brasil, bem como discutir os achados sob a perspectiva de "Saúde Única". Amostras fecais (n = 231) de cães (n = 126) e gatos (n = 105) foram obtidas diretamente do meio ambiente após a defecação espontânea e, posteriormente, analisadas pelas técnicas Mini-FLOTAC e Baermann. Do total de amostras, 28,14% (65/231) apresentaram formas imaturas de parasitos gastrointestinais (ovos, cistos ou oocistos), com 31,75% (40/126) e 23,81% (25/105) de cães e gatos positivos, respectivamente (x2 = 1,413; P = 0,2345). Dois gêneros de helmintos (Ancylostoma e Toxocara) e dois gêneros de protozoários (Cystoisospora e Entamoeba) foram identificados em cães e gatos. Além disso, coinfecções foram observadas em 15% (6/40) dos cães positivos e em 28% (7/25) dos gatos positivos (P = 0,2207). Nenhuma larva de metastrongilídeo foi detectada. Em conclusão, os animais aqui avaliados apresentaram alta prevalência de nematódeos gastrointestinais de importância zoonótica. Portanto, medidas preventivas contra esses parasitos negligenciados devem ser estimuladas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Parasites/isolation & purification , Parasitic Diseases, Animal/epidemiology , Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Toxocara/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Eucoccidiida/isolation & purification , Entamoeba/isolation & purification , One Health , Ancylostoma/isolation & purification
15.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 74(1): 205-209, Jan.-Feb. 2022. tab
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1374407

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se neste estudo determinar a prevalência de vermes pulmonares em ruminantes do semiárido, nordeste do Brasil. Amostras fecais (n=429), de bovinos (n=219), caprinos (n=122) e ovinos (n=88) foram coletadas e laboratorialmente analisadas pela técnica de Baermann. Larvas de Protostrongylus sp. foram detectadas em 8,19% (10/122) dos caprinos. Elas apresentaram o comprimento médio de 351µm (±29,06µm) e largura média de 19µm (±1,46µm). Todos os animais positivos eram mantidos em sistema de criação semi-intensivo e não apresentavam sinais clínicos sugestivos da infecção por nematódeos pulmonares. Bovinos e ovinos foram negativos. Este estudo fornece dados sobre a infecção por parasitos pulmonares em caprinos de uma importante área de criação de pequenos ruminantes no Nordeste do Brasil, onde informações sobre esses parasitos são quase inexistentes. Apesar da ausência de sinais clínicos nos animais deste estudo, medidas sanitárias são preconizadas para prevenir a infecção por esses nematódeos e reduzir o impacto econômico que eles podem causar na produção pecuária.


Subject(s)
Animals , Goats/parasitology , Strongylida Infections/epidemiology , Lung/parasitology , Metastrongyloidea/isolation & purification , Sheep Diseases/parasitology , Cattle Diseases/parasitology
16.
J Forensic Odontostomatol ; 40(3): 45-51, 2022 12 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36623297

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Estimating the age at death is a common procedure in the fields of forensic human identification and anthropological/archaeological investigations. Root translucency and periodontosis are regressive parameters used to estimate the age of adults, more specifically in Lamendin's method - established in 1992 in a French population. This study aimed to test the applicability and validity of Lamendin's method in a Brazilian osteological collection. METHODS: The sample consisted of 74 single-rooted teeth obtained from 50 skeletal remains (mean age: 53.20 ± 16.17 years) from Southeast Brazil. Lamendin's method was applied to enable a comparison between chronological (CA) and estimated ages (EA). A new population-specific equation was designed for the studied sample and the outcomes were compared with those obtained with Lamendin's original equation. RESULTS: The original methods led to a general underestimation of 11.32 years (8.83 years in males and 15.91 years in females). The method had a better performance among individuals between 40 and 59 years (mean differences between CA and EA: 4.8 years). The population-specific equation led to a mean overestimation of -2.04 years in males, and a mean underestimation of 3.77 years in females. Underestimations were considerably higher in other age groups. CONCLUSION: Despite the apparent improvements, both the original and the population-specific equations revealed coefficients of concordance that were constantly low between CA and EA. These outcomes suggest restrictions to the application of Lamendin's method in the forensic field, especially for human identification. The method, however, seems to be applicable for anthropological/archaeological applications.


Subject(s)
Age Determination by Teeth , Aggressive Periodontitis , Tooth Root , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Brazil , Forensic Medicine
17.
Rev. chil. anest ; 51(4): 435-444, 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1572022

ABSTRACT

During the last decades, there has been a significant growth in ambulatory surgeries. Literature, unfortunately, tells us that more than 75% of children have pain during the postoperative period, when they have been discharged, and 40% of these children have mild to severe pain. Caregivers turn to the surgeon, pediatrician or the clinic, places where usually there is no pain management specialist. Frequently, even when pain is evident, children get inadequate treatment. It is inadequate to say that children don't remember or don't respond to a painful experience at the same level as adults do. Many of the transmission and perception nerve tracts are developed in early life, being present and in function since week 24 of intrauterine gestation. The mistreated pain has immediate and long-term consequences. For clinicians, it is of utmost importance the knowledge of these consequences, summarizing, lifestyle deterioration, extended usage of (analgesics) painkillers and onset of persistent or chronic pain. Toddlers are not able to describe their pain or their subjective experience, due to this, the caregiver must learn how to eva- luate properly. This evaluation is intended for every pediatric patient who meets the criteria for an ambulatory surgery. The main objective is to highlight the importance of a safe and effective analgesic management. The most appropriate method to treat postoperative severe pain is multimodal, which involves nonpharmacological, pharmacological, and local anesthetic techniques. The patients' selection, the early anesthetic strategy planning and caregivers' education are the keys for success.


La cirugía ambulatoria ha aumentado de manera importante durante las últimas décadas. La literatura refiere que más del 75% de los niños tiene dolor en el período posoperatorio, cuando ya han sido dados de alta a sus casas, y de estos, el 40% tienen dolor moderado a severo[],[],[]. Los cuidadores recurren al cirujano o al pediatra de cabecera, donde no existe un especialista en manejo de dolor. La creencia obsoleta de que los niños no recuerdan o no responden a la experiencia dolorosa en el mismo grado que los adultos es inadecuada. Muchas de las vías nerviosas de la transmisión y percepción del dolor se desarrollan a temprana edad, estando presentes y funcionales desde las 24 semanas de gestación intrauterina. El dolor mal tratado tiene consecuencias inmediatas y a largo plazo como empeoramiento de la calidad de vida, uso prolongado de analgésicos y aparición de dolor persistente o crónico[],[]. Los niños en etapa preverbal no son capaces de describir su dolor o su experiencia subjetiva y debe ser el cuidador el que aprenda a evaluarlo de manera correcta. Esta revisión está orientada a todo paciente pediátrico que cumpla criterios de selección para ser sometido a una cirugía ambulatoria. El objetivo principal es resaltar la importancia del manejo analgésico efectivo y seguro. El manejo multimodal del dolor es la estrategia más adecuada involucrando técnicas no farmacológicas, farmacológicas y técnicas de anestesia regional[],[],[],[],[]. La selección de pacientes, planificación precoz de la estrategia analgesica y educación de los cuidadores son las claves para el éxito


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Analgesics/administration & dosage , Combined Modality Therapy , Anesthesia, Conduction
18.
Mycopathologia ; 186(3): 411-421, 2021 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34120275

ABSTRACT

Candida yeasts are the most frequent in the vaginal content. This yeast may be a normal microbiota but also causes candidiasis. In symptomatic cases, primary candidiasis (VVC) or recurrence (RVVC) can be considered. This study aims to compare the frequency and in vitro sensitivity profile of Candida species isolated in the vaginal content with the different stages of the presence of yeasts. A total of 258 non-pregnant patients with/without VVC were prospectively screened at a teaching Health Centre of the Faculty of Medicine, in the University of Sao Paulo. The vaginal isolates were identified by traditional and molecular methods. Yeasts were isolated in 160 women. 34% were asymptomatic, 34% with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and 32% recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). C. albicans was the most frequent species with 50.1% (82/160), followed by C. parapsilosis 13.7%(22/160), C. glabrata 12.5% (20/160), and C. tropicalis (6.2%). Analysis by the group showed that, in the asymptomatic group, eight yeast species were isolated, C. albicans 44.5% (24/54), C. glabrata 20% (11/54), C. parapsilosis and Rhodotorula rubra being the most frequent. In the VVC group, 11 yeast species were identified. Most isolates were C. albicans 68.5% (37/54), C. tropicalis 7.5% (4/54), and C. parapsilosis 5.5% (3/54). In the RVVC group, ten species were identified, the most frequent being C. albicans 38.5% (20/52), C. parapsilosis 17% (9/52), C. glabrata 4% (8/52), and C. tropicalis 6% (3/52). Less frequent species, such as C. haemulonii and Trichosporon spp, were isolated in the VVC and RVVC groups, C. kefyr was isolated in the three groups studied, and Rhodotorula spp was isolated in the control and RVVC groups. Candida metapsilosis was present in two isolates from the RVVC group. Most isolates were considered sensitive to the tested antifungals. Less sensitivity was seen for caspofungin. In this study, we were able to verify that the most common species of yeasts found in vaginal secretion were isolated in the three groups studied; however, there was the diversity of species in VVC and RVVC. Cryptic species C. haemulonii and were isolated in symptomatic patients. High levels of MICs, some of the antifungals tested, in the control group, draw attention in the group of asymptomatic women. We would like to emphasize that this research aims to assist clinicians and gynecologists, as well as assist in the epidemiological studies of candidiasis, in our country, how to draw attention to the profile of sensitivity/resistance to antifungals.


Subject(s)
Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal , Candidiasis , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Candida albicans , Candidiasis/drug therapy , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Mucous Membrane , Rhodotorula
19.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(3): 742-746, May-June 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1278357

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se neste estudo relatar a frequência e a identidade de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos em cães residentes de uma área caracterizada por brejo de alta altitude. Amostras sanguíneas (n=203) foram coletadas e molecularmente analisadas via PCR (Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Anaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia spp.) e sequenciamento de DNA. De todas as amostras analisadas, 8,87% (18/203) foram positivas a algum patógeno transmitido por carrapato. Especificamente, 5,42% (11/203) e 3,45% (7/203) foram positivos a Anaplasma platys e Ehrlichia canis, respectivamente. Este estudo fornece, pela primeira vez, evidência científica de infecção de cães por esses patógenos nessa área de alta altitude e reforça o provável papel de R. sanguineus s.l. como vetor de A. platys, principalmente considerando.se que muitos animais positivos eram infestados por essa espécie de carrapato.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Ehrlichiosis/epidemiology , Ehrlichia canis/isolation & purification , Anaplasma/isolation & purification , Anaplasmosis/epidemiology , Brazil , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary , Wetlands , Altitude
20.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 31(supl. 2B): 160-160, abr-jun., 2021. ilus.
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1284347

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: O diagnóstico de SCA e a estratificação de risco contemporâneos são fundamentais para o manejo apropriado e redução da mortalidade e eventos isquêmicos recorrentes, tanto na fase aguda quanto após hospitalização. A Definição Universal de Infarto do Miocárdio recomenda a detecção de curva de troponina acima do limite superior do percentil 99. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a ocorrência de óbito e infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) na fase precoce em pacientes sem elevação de troponina (0,034 ng/mL e 0,12 ng/mL)]. Avaliar o impacto do percentil 99 versus ponto de corte para troponina na indicação de estratégia invasiva e revascularização miocárdica. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de pacientes com SCA sem elevação de ST com avaliação do pico da troponina I, escore de risco GRACE - admissão e alta, análise prospectiva de desfechos clínicos até 30 dias e testes bilaterais de significância. RESULTADOS: Em 494 pacientes, troponina > percentil 99 e abaixo do ponto de corte, assim como valores maiores (acima do ponto de corte), foram associados à maior incidência do desfecho composto (p<0,01) sem diferença significante em mortalidade até 30 dias. (Gráficos 1, 2 e 3) CONCLUSÕES: Valores de troponina acima do percentil 99 pela Definição Universal de IAM apresentam papel prognóstico e agregam informação útil ao diagnóstico clínico e escore de risco na identificação de pacientes com maior probabilidade de benefício com estratificação invasiva e procedimentos de revascularização coronária.


Subject(s)
Troponin I , Myocardial Infarction
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