ABSTRACT
Nine sesquiterpene lactones, anthemin A (1), 1alpha-hydroxydeacetylirinol-4alpha,5beta-epoxide (2), anthemin C (3), tatridin A (4), 1-epi-tatridin B (5), anthemin B (6), 6-deacetyl-beta-cyclopyrethrosin (7), elegalactone A (8), and 1beta,4alpha,6alpha-trihydroxyeudesm-11-en-8alpha-12-olide (9), were isolated from the aerial parts of A. melanolepis in addition to eight known flavonoids and three phenolic acids. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 are new natural products. The structures of the compounds were deduced by spectroscopic methods. The in vitro antimicrobial potential of the isolated sesquiterpene lactones against four Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria and one fungus was evaluated using the microdilution method, and their in vitro cytotoxic activity was determined against a panel of human tumor cell lines. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic profile of the sesquiterpene lactones was investigated using computational methods.
Subject(s)
Anthemis/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Lactones/isolation & purification , Lactones/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Greece , Humans , Lactones/chemistry , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Sesquiterpenes/chemistryABSTRACT
Three linear sesquiterpene lactones, anthecotulide (1), hydroxyanthecotulide (2), and acetoxyanthecotulide (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Anthemis auriculata. Five known flavonoids, taraxa-20(30)en-3beta-ol (4), and methyl vanillate (5) were also isolated. The structures and the relative configuration of the new compounds 2 and 3 were deduced by spectroscopic methods. The in vitro activity of compounds 1-5 against 10 bacterial species and one fungus was tested using the microdilution method.
Subject(s)
Anthemis/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents , Lactones , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Flavonoids/chemistry , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Lactones/chemistry , Lactones/isolation & purification , Lactones/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Molecular Structure , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
In this investigation, the extracts of filamentous fungi exhibited inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, as well as against the yeast Candida albicans. Penicillium ochrochloron has been proven as the most active fungus against all tested microorganisms. Further bio-guided chemical analysis of P. ochrochloron afforded two components with antimicrobial activity identified as (-) 2, 3, 4-trihydroxybutanamide and (-) erythritol.
ABSTRACT
The anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of 22 micromycetes were studied against one standard strain and 11 clinical isolates of H. pylori. Penicillium ochlochloron and Penicillium funiculosum have been proven the most active fungi against this microorganism. Further bio-guided chemical analysis of P. funiculosum afforded an active component identified as (-) 2,3,4-trihydroxybutanamide.