ABSTRACT
Growing class III patients with maxillary deficiency may be treated with a maxillary protraction facemask. Because the force generated by this appliance is applied to the teeth, the inevitable mesial migration of the dentition can result in anterior crowding, incisor proclination and a possible need for subsequent extraction therapy. The Hybrid Hyrax appliance, anchored on mini-implants in the anterior palate, can be used to overcome these side-effects during the facemask therapy. In some class III cases, there is also a need for subsequent distalization after the orthopaedic treatment. In this paper, clinical application of the Hybrid Hyrax Distalizer is described, facilitating both orthopaedic advancement of the maxilla and simultaneous orthodontic distalization of the maxillary molars.
Subject(s)
Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy , Molar/pathology , Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures/instrumentation , Orthodontic Appliance Design , Palatal Expansion Technique/instrumentation , Tooth Movement Techniques/instrumentation , Cephalometry/methods , Child , Dental Implants , Extraoral Traction Appliances , Humans , Male , Mandible/pathology , Maxilla/pathology , Miniaturization , Nasal Bone/pathology , Orthodontics, Interceptive/instrumentation , Patient Care Planning , Retrognathia/therapy , Sella Turcica/pathologyABSTRACT
Prolonged hospitalization is known to be associated with a loss of cognitive performance. Does playing video games (VGs) developed to improve cognitive properties delay this loss or even lead to an increase in cognitive performance? We performed a 10-day longitudinal study of patients who received total hip arthroplasty. We compared 16 patients (6 male) aged 66 ± 9 years (mean ± standard deviation) who played Dr. Kawashima's Brain Training: How Old Is Your Brain? (Nintendo; Redmond, Washington) on a Nintendo DS handheld console with 16 control patients (6 male) aged 69 ± 14 years. We measured cognitive performance 1 day preoperation, as well as on days 2 and 9 postoperation. With the daily exercise of a specific VG by the play group, the patients' fluid intelligence (median intelligence quotient 99-106), working memory capacity, and rate of information processing significantly improved over the course of 7 postoperative days. The cognitive performance of the control group did not increase. However, the memory spans of both groups did not systematically change. Exercise with VGs can prevent the loss of cognitive performance during prolonged hospitalization.
Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/rehabilitation , Cognition Disorders/prevention & control , Mental Processes/physiology , Video Games , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Intelligence/physiology , Male , Memory/physiology , Middle Aged , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Nocturnal eating is common among obese patients prior to bariatric surgery. Little is known about the relationship between nocturnal eating, eating-related and general psychopathology, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). A group of 148 obese patients (mean BMI 49.3, SD 7.8) prior to bariatric surgery were investigated. We compared patients who reported nocturnal eating at least once in the last 4 weeks with patients without nocturnal eating episodes. Patients completed a battery of questionnaires assessing eating related and general psychopathology and quality of life. Twenty-nine (19.6%) patients reported nocturnal eating (eating after waking up at night) during the last 28 nights, men and women did not differ in frequency of nocturnal eating. Patients with nocturnal eating reported a significantly higher BMI (kg/m(2)), more feelings of hunger, and significantly more impairment in the mental aspects of HRQOL. The other measures of HRQOL showed only minor differences. Measures of general psychopathology (depression and anxiety) also differed significantly with nocturnal eating patients reporting significantly more impairment. Binge eating disorder and nocturnal eating showed no association.