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1.
Crit Care Sci ; 35(1): 19-30, 2023 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37712726

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the factors associated with mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. METHODS: This was a retrospective, multicenter cohort study that included 425 mechanically ventilated adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to 4 intensive care units. Clinical data comprising the SOFA score, laboratory data and mechanical characteristics of the respiratory system were collected in a standardized way immediately after the start of invasive mechanical ventilation. The risk factors for death were analyzed using Cox regression to estimate the risk ratios and their respective 95%CIs. RESULTS: Body mass index (RR 1.17; 95%CI 1.11 - 1.20; p < 0.001), SOFA score (RR 1.39; 95%CI 1.31 - 1.49; p < 0.001) and driving pressure (RR 1.24; 95%CI 1.21 - 1.29; p < 0.001) were considered independent factors associated with mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. Respiratory system compliance (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.90 - 0.93; p < 0.001) was associated with lower mortality. The comparative analysis of the survival curves indicated that patients with respiratory system compliance (< 30mL/cmH2O), a higher SOFA score (> 5 points) and higher driving pressure (> 14cmH2O) were more significantly associated with the outcome of death at 28 days and 60 days. CONCLUSION: Patients with a body mass index > 32kg/m2, respiratory system compliance < 30mL/cmH2O, driving pressure > 14cmH2O and SOFA score > 5.8 immediately after the initiation of invasive ventilatory support had worse outcomes, and independent risk factors were associated with higher mortality in this population.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Respiratory Distress Syndrome , Adult , Humans , Cohort Studies , Respiration, Artificial , Retrospective Studies , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy
2.
Physiother Res Int ; : e2005, 2023 Apr 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37022592

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak ) is one of the most important measures in clinical practice, the high cost and time consumption have led to the search for simpler devices and the development of the estimating cardiopulmonary fitness (eCPF) equation. Since the lungs are one of the sites most affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this study aimed to create a predictive equation for VO2peak obtained by simple sampling technology in women with RA-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated 47 women with RA-ILD. The participants underwent the following evaluations: computed tomography (CT); evaluation of disease activity through the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI); measurement of physical function using the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index (HAQ-DI); pulmonary function testing, including spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DlCO ), nitrogen single-breath washout (N2 SBW) test, and impulse oscillometry; and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using FitMate™. RESULTS: VO2peak was correlated with age (r = -0.550, p < 0.0001), rheumatoid factor (r = -0.443, p = 0.002), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (r = -0.410, p = 0.004), CDAI (r = -0.462, p = 0.001), HAD-DI (r = -0.486, p = 0.0005), forced vital capacity (r = 0.491, p = 0.0004), DlCO (r = 0.621, p < 0.0001), phase III slope of N2 SBW (r = -0.647, p < 0.0001), resonance frequency (Fres , r = -0.717, p < 0.0001), integrated low-frequency reactance (r = -0.535, p = 0.0001), and the inhomogeneity of respiratory system resistance between 4 and 20 Hz (r = -0.631, p < 0.0001). In the CT examination, patients with extensive ILD had significantly lower VO2peak than patients with limited ILD (p < 0.0001). In the stepwise forward regression analysis, Fres , DlCO and age explained 61% of the VO2peak variability. CONCLUSIONS: As assessed by CPET, women with RA-ILD show reduced cardiopulmonary fitness, which can be explained at least in part by the presence of small airway disease, deterioration of pulmonary gas exchange, and advanced age. These associations of pulmonary variables with eCPF may be clinically important and support the use of the eCPF equation to improve patient outcomes.

3.
Crit. Care Sci ; 35(1): 19-30, Jan. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448082

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the factors associated with mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter cohort study that included 425 mechanically ventilated adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to 4 intensive care units. Clinical data comprising the SOFA score, laboratory data and mechanical characteristics of the respiratory system were collected in a standardized way immediately after the start of invasive mechanical ventilation. The risk factors for death were analyzed using Cox regression to estimate the risk ratios and their respective 95%CIs. Results: Body mass index (RR 1.17; 95%CI 1.11 - 1.20; p < 0.001), SOFA score (RR 1.39; 95%CI 1.31 - 1.49; p < 0.001) and driving pressure (RR 1.24; 95%CI 1.21 - 1.29; p < 0.001) were considered independent factors associated with mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. Respiratory system compliance (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.90 - 0.93; p < 0.001) was associated with lower mortality. The comparative analysis of the survival curves indicated that patients with respiratory system compliance (< 30mL/cmH2O), a higher SOFA score (> 5 points) and higher driving pressure (> 14cmH2O) were more significantly associated with the outcome of death at 28 days and 60 days. Conclusion: Patients with a body mass index > 32kg/m2, respiratory system compliance < 30mL/cmH2O, driving pressure > 14cmH2O and SOFA score > 5.8 immediately after the initiation of invasive ventilatory support had worse outcomes, and independent risk factors were associated with higher mortality in this population.


RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar os fatores associados à mortalidade em pacientes ventilados mecanicamente com síndrome o desconforto respiratório agudo por evolução da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva, multicêntrica, que incluiu 425 pacientes adultos com COVID-19, ventilados mecanicamente, internados em 4 unidades de terapia intensiva. Foram coletados dados clínicos que compõem o escore SOFA, dados laboratoriais e características mecânicas do sistema respiratório, de forma padronizada, imediatamente após o início da ventilação mecânica invasiva. Os fatores de risco para óbito foram analisados por meio da regressão de Cox, para estimar as razões de risco, e seus respectivos IC95%. Resultados: Índice de massa corporal (RR de 1,17; IC95% 1,11 - 1,20; p < 0,001), escore SOFA (RR de 1,39; IC95% 1,31 - 1,49; p < 0,001) e driving pressure (RR de 1,24; IC95% 1,21 - 1,29; p < 0,001) foram considerados fatores independentes associados à mortalidade em pacientes ventilados mecanicamente com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo por COVID-19. Já a complacência do sistema respiratório (RR de 0,92; IC95% 0,90 - 0,93; p < 0,001) foi associada à menor mortalidade. A análise comparativa das curvas de sobrevida demonstra que pacientes com complacência do sistema respiratório (< 30mL/cmH2O), maior SOFA escore (> 5 pontos) e maior driving pressure (> 14cmH2O) apresentaram maior associação ao desfecho morte em 28 dias e 60 dias. Conclusão: Pacientes com índice de massa corporal > 32kg/m2, complacência do sistema respiratório < 30mL/cmH2O, driving pressure > 14cmH2O e SOFA escore > 5,8, imediatamente após o início da assistência ventilatória invasiva, apresentam piores desfechos no segmento, sendo fatores de risco independentes associados à maior mortalidade nessa população.

4.
Hematology ; 26(1): 612-619, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34411499

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Considering the advances in functional rehabilitation in recent decades, therapist-oriented home rehabilitation (TOHR) has been increasingly used in the field of physical therapy because it increases patient compliance and reduces health system costs. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of TOHR on functional capacity, muscle strength, and quality of life (QoL) in adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA). METHODS: Forty adults with SCA underwent manually guided TOHR for 12 weeks. Before and at the end of training, the following variables were assessed in the participants: distance covered in the 6-min walk test (6MWD); maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP); maximal expiratory pressure (MEP); handgrip strength (HGS); quadriceps strength (QS); and QoL using the Short Form-36 physical component summary (SF-36PCS) and the Short Form-36 mental component summary (SF-36MCS). RESULTS: After TOHR, significant increases were observed in the mean values for the 6MWD, MIP, MEP, HGS, QS, and SF-36PCS and SF-36MCS scores. The relative delta between the pre- and post-TOHR 6MWDs correlated significantly with the relative deltas of MIP (rs = 0.640, p < 0.0001), MEP (rs = 0.587, p < 0.0001), HGS (rs = 0.360, p = 0.022), and QS (rs = 0.351, p = 0.026). When the participants were separated according to their use of hydroxyurea, significant increases were observed in the relative deltas of the 6MWD, MIP and MEP values. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that TOHR can potentially increase functional capacity, muscle strength, and QoL in adults with SCA. Furthermore, there appears to be a relationship between 6MWD gains and muscle strength gains with TOHR.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04705792.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology , Female , Hand Strength , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength , Young Adult
5.
Fisioter. mov ; 21(3): 77-82, jul.-set. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-530578

ABSTRACT

Direcionamento de fluxo é uma técnica manual de Fisioterapia respiratória conhecida como compressão manual torácica. Ela é usualmente utilizada na prática da fisioterapia respiratória para expansão do hemitórax contra-lateral ao hemitorax bloqueado. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos histopatológicos do tratamento com direcionamento de fluxo em um modelo experimental de atelactasia em ratos. Vinte e qutro ratos Wistar (200-250g) foram diivididos em quatro grupos experimentais de seis animais: Grupo controle (C); Grupo atelactasia (A); Grupo tratado com direcionamento de fluxo por 3 vezes (T3) e Grupo tratado com direcionamento de fluxo por 6 vezes (T6), durante 1 minuto. Os grupos A, T3 e T6 foram envolvidos por um esfignomamômetro pediátrico inflado a uma pressão de -8mmHg por 10 segundos. Os pulmões foram preparados para histologia e corados com hematoxilina e eosina. A análise morfológica foi realizada em microscópio óptico. Um aumento de colapso alveolar foi observado nos grupos atelectasia e tratados com direcionamento de fluxo (T3 e T6), quando comparados ao grupo controle. Nossos resultados sugerem que a técnica de compressão unilateral do tórax não foi eficiente como tratamento experimental em um modelo experimental de atelectasia em ratos.


Subject(s)
Rats , Pulmonary Atelectasis , Animal Experimentation , Physical Therapy Modalities , Respiratory Therapy
6.
Pulmäo RJ ; 15(2): 64-69, 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-612383

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a silicose é uma doença crônica e difusa do pulmão, desenvolvida por trabalhadores expostos a inalação de partículas minerais de sílica cristalina. Depois da inalação, as partículas de sílica são fagocitadas por macrófagos alveolares (MA) que, quando ativados, irão liberar mediadores inflamatórios, espécies reativas de oxigênio, ácido aracdônico, quimiocinas ecitocinas. Outros tipos celulares também participam da patogênese da silicose, tais como, as células epiteliais bronquiolarese alveolares e os fibroblastos. Os modelos experimentais têm ajudado a elucidar as alterações celulares, moleculares e funcionais no pulmão. Nosso objetivo é mostrar os aspectos celulares da silicose, para ajudar no melhor entendimento dessa doença, utilizando um modelo experimental de silicose pulmonar em camundongos. Metodologia: foram utilizados 20 camundongos Swiss, levemente anestesiados, que receberam 50μl de salina (grupo salina) ou 20mg de sílica, diluídos em 50μl de salina estéril intratraqueal. Trinta dias após a instilação, os animais foram sacrificados, foi realizado o lavado broncoalveolar(LBA) e os pulmões foram retirados para análise histopatológica. Resultados: na coloração por Hematoxilina e Eosina, observamos um aumento no infiltrado inflamatório, com a formação de granulomas no parênquima pulmonar. Observamos, também, com a coloração por Picro-sírius, que houve um aumento signifi cativo de colágeno nos animais silicóticos. No LBA,os animais do grupo silicose apresentaram aumento significativo de leucócitos totais, monócitos e neutrófilos. Conclusão:nossos resultados mostram que o modelo de silicose pulmonar em camundongos pode ser utilizado para o melhor entendimento dessa enfermidade e em futuros estudos de tratamentos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Macrophages , Mice , Models, Animal , Pulmonary Fibrosis , Silicosis
7.
Pulmäo RJ ; 14(3): 242-245, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-640690

ABSTRACT

Silicose é uma doença pulmonar crônica caracterizada por lesões fibróticas e granulomatosas pelo acúmulo de partículas de sílica inaladas. Os macrófagos alveolares são as primeiras células a entrar em contato com essas partículas e promovendo conseqüentemente sua ativação e liberação de diversas citocinas e outros mediadores, provocando o acúmulo de neutrófilos e linfócitos, estimulando aproliferação de fibroblastos com alteração da matriz extracelular. Os mecanismos patogênicos da silicose pulmonar ainda não estão totalmente claros.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Macrophages, Alveolar , Pulmonary Fibrosis , Silicon Dioxide , Silicosis , Occupational Diseases
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