ABSTRACT
The authors stress the importance of the founding fathers of history of medicine in Spain, and draw a picture of the present situation, including the Internet addresses of many universities and institutes.
Subject(s)
Education , History of Medicine , Spain , UniversitiesABSTRACT
Between 1998-2002, 16,952 new cases of cancer were registered in Navarre. In men, the most frequently diagnosed cancers were in the following order: prostate, lung, colon and rectum, bladder and stomach, which accounted for 63.2%. In women, the sites were breast, colon and rectum, corpus uteri, stomach and ovary, which accounted for 57.6% of the cases. In the same period, 1998-2002, 4,127 men and 2,470 women died from cancer. Sixty percent of all deaths due to malign tumours in men were due to cancer of the lung, prostate, colon and rectum, stomach and bladder. In women this was due to cancers of colon and rectum, breast, stomach, pancreas and lung, which accounted for 49% of the cases. In men in Navarre there has been an increase in the incidence rates of cancer of the prostate, kidney and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Avoidable cancers such as those related to smoking (lung, oral cavity and pharynx or pancreas) continue to rise, and represent a greater global risk of dying from cancer in the latest period studied than in the decades of the 1970s and 1980s. From 1995 up to the present, mortality due to cancer has moved from occupying the second place to become the first cause of death among men in Navarre. The global risk of death due to cancer in men is now equal to the first period studied, 1975-1977. Amongst women the global risk of death due to cancer fell by 25% between 1975 and 2002, basically at the cost of breast and stomach cancer. Tumours related to smoking increased both in mortality and in incidence and appear as a significant health problem amongst women in Navarre. Breast cancer has increased in incidence, with lower mortality figures than those of the first period 1975-1977. Invasive cancer of the cervix remains at very low rates in comparison with many European countries, including Spain. In both sexes colorectal and skin cancer has increased, while the incidence and mortality of stomach cancer continues to fall.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/mortality , Spain/epidemiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
entre 1998-2002 se registraron 16.952 nuevos casos de cáncer en Navarra. En los hombres, los cánceres más frecuentes diagnosticados fueron, por este orden próstata, pulmón,colon y recto, vejiga y estómago, que sumaron el 63,2% de todos los casos de cáncer. En mujeres las localizaciones de mama, colon y recto, cuerpo de útero, estómago y ovario sumaron el 57,6% del total de los casos. En el mismo periodo, 1998-2002, fallecieron por cáncer 4.127 hombre y 2.470 mujeres. el 60% de todas las muertes producidas por tumores malignos en hombres se debieron a las localizaciones de pulmón, próstata,colon y recto, estómago y vejiga. En las mujeres las localizaciones de colon y recto, mama,estómago, páncreas y pulmón, sumaron el 49% de las defunciones por cáncer. En los hombre de Navarra han aumentado las tasas de incidencia del cáncer de próstata, riñón y linfoma no Hodgkin. Cánceres evitables, como los relacionados con el hábito de fumar (pulmón,cavidad oral y faringe o páncreas),continúan en ascento, y representan mayor riesgo global de morir por cáncer en el último periodo estudiado que en las décadas de los años 1970 y 1980. A partir de 1995 y hasta la actualidad, la mortalidad por cáncer pasó a ocupar el segundo lugar a ser la primera causa de muerte por cáncer en hombres se ha igualado al primer periodo estudiado 1975-1977. Entre las mujeres el riesgo gloval de muerte por cáncer descendió un 25% entre 1975 y 2002, a costa fundamentalmente del cáncer de mama y de estómago. Los tumores relacionados con el hábito de fumar muestran incrementos tanto en la mortalidad como en la incidencia y emergencia como un problema importante de salud entre las mujeres de Navarra. Ha aumentado la incidencia de cáncer de mama, en cambio en la mortalidad se sitúa en cifras inferiores a las del primer periodo 1975-1977. El cáncer invasivo de cérvix se mantiene en tasas muy bajas respecto a muchos países europeos, incluida España. En ambos sexos ha aumentado el cáncer colorrectal y el melanoma mientras que continúa el descenso de la incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer de estómago
Between 1998-2002, 16,952 new cases of cancer were registered in Navarre. In men, the most frequently diagnosed cancers were in the following order: prostate, lung, colon and rectum, bladder and stomach, which accounted for 63.2%, In women, the sites were breast, colon and rectum, corpus uteri, stomach and ovary, which accounted for 57,6% of the cases. In the same period, 1998-2002m 4,127 men and 2,470 women died from cancer. Sixty percent of all deaths due to malign tumours in men were due to cancer od the lung, prostate, colon and rectum, stomach and bladder. In women this was due to cancers of colon and rectum, breast, stomach, pancreas and lung, which accounted for 49% of the cases. In men in Navarre there has been an increase in the incidence rates of cancer on the prostate, kidney and non Hodgkin lymphoma. Avoidable cancers such as those related to smoking (lung, oral cavity and pharynx or pancreas) continue to rise, and represent a greater global risk of dying from cancer in the latest period studied than in the decades of the 1970s and 1980s. From 1995 up to the present, mortality due to cancer has moved from occupying the second place to become the first cause of death among men in Navarre. The global risk of death due to cancer in men is now equal to the first period studied 1975-1977. Amongst women the global risk of death due to cancer fell by 25% between 1975 and 2002 basically at the cost of breast and stomach cancer. Tumours related to smoking increased both in mortality and in incidence and appear as a significant health problem amongst women in Navarre. Breast cancer has increased in incidence, with lower mortality figures than those of the first period 1975-1977. Invasive cancer of the cervix remains at very low rates in comparison with many European countries, including Spain