Conservative fluid resuscitation protocol does not reduce the incidence of reoperation for bleeding after emergency CABG.

Reoperation for bleeding (ROB) after emergency coronary artery bypass grafting (eCABG) has been identified as an independent risk factor for mortality. Consecutively, the influence of fluid intake, fluid output, fluid balance, blood loss, and inotropic demand on ROB were analyzed. This retrospective single-center study included 265 patients undergoing eCABG between 2011 and 2020. From 2018, postoperative hemodynamic management was performed with lower volume administration and higher vasoactive support. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of ROB within 48 h according to altered fluid resuscitation strategy. Consecutively, the influence of fluid intake, fluid output, fluid balance, blood loss, and inotropic demand on ROB were analyzed. Incidence of ROB was independent from the volume resuscitation protocol (P = .3). The ROB group had a higher perioperative risk, which was observed in EuroSCORE II. Fluid intake (P = .021), fluid balance (P = .001), and norepinephrine administration (P = .004) were associated with ROB. Fluid output and blood loss were not associated with ROB (P = .22). Post-test probability was low among all variables. Although fluid management might have an impact on specific postoperative complications, different fluid resuscitation protocols did not alter the incidence of ROB after emergency CABG. TRIAL REGISTRATION: www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov registration number NCT04533698; date of registration: August 31, 2020 (retrospectively registered due to nature of the study); URL: https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ct2/show/NCT04533698.

Detrimental consequences after intimal disruption of subclavian artery during transcathether aortic valve implantation.

BACKGROUND: TAVI via the left subclavian artery is considered a bail-out strategy in cases where a transfemoral approach is not feasible. However, since this route is only scarcely used, major complications can arise. We describe such an adverse course and present our proceeding. CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old man with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) was referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) via left subclavian artery. After uneventful deployment of the TAVI prosthesis, consequent valve assessment with transeosophageal echocardiography and angiography showed a highly mobile and tubular structure shifting within the valve. We went for a surgical extraction via sternotomy on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A 6 cm longish intimal cylinder was hassle-free extracted. 4 days postoperatively the left sided radial pulse was missing. In a subsequent computed tomography angiography (CTA) scan a proximal dissection as well as an intimal flap, causing a subtotal stenosis of the left subclavian artery, was detected. Consecutively the intimal cylinder was removed using a Fogarty-balloon. Pre-discharge control revealed recurrence of peripheral radial pulse and an unimpeded function of the TAVI prosthesis. The patient presented no sequela at discharge. CONCLUSION: Though TAVI is a well-advanced technique complications are not completely avertable. It is thus advisable to have patients discussed in the heart team encompassing all potentially involved specialties.

First-in-man concomitant mitral valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting using a single minimally invasive access.

We present the case of a 78-year-old woman suffering from coronary artery disease and secondary severe mitral valve regurgitation due to left ventricular and annular distention. The interdisciplinary heart team recommended a simultaneous hybrid procedure consisting of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting with subsequent transapical mitral valve replacement using the Tendyne prosthesis via the same small anterolateral thoracotomy. The operation was performed using a heart-team approach with close collaboration between heart surgeons and cardiologists in the hybrid operating theatre. The intra- and postoperative courses were uneventful. Predischarge transthoracic echocardiography on postoperative day 8 revealed the immaculate functioning of the implanted valve without para- or transvalvular insufficiency, a mean gradient of 2 mmHg, no left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a stable ejection fraction of 50%. The combination of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting revascularization with concomitant transapical mitral valve replacement is feasible and enables a further step towards minimally invasive therapy, even in complex situations. It shows that the modern heart-team approach exceeds mere decision making and expands towards a hybrid treatment for patients.

Hemoadsorption during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients with Endocarditis Undergoing Valve Surgery: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

BACKGROUND: Aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of endocarditis patients undergoing valve surgery with the Cytosorb® hemoadsorption (HA) device during cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: From 2009 until 2019, 241 patients had undergone valve surgery due to endocarditis at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Basel. We compared patients who received HA during surgery (n = 41) versus patients without HA (n = 200), after applying inverse probability of treatment weighting. RESULTS: In-hospital mortality, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events and postoperative renal failure were similar in both groups. Demand for norepinephrine (88.4 vs. 52.8%; p = 0.001), milrinone (42.2 vs. 17.2%; p = 0.046), red blood cell concentrates (65.2 vs. 30.6%; p = 0.003), and platelets (HA vs. Control: 36.7 vs. 9.8%; p = 0.013) were higher in the HA group. In addition, a higher incidence of reoperation for bleeding (34.0 vs. 7.7 %; p = 0.011), and a prolonged length of in-hospital stay (15.2 (11.8 to 19.6) vs. 9.0 (7.1 to 11.3) days; p = 0.017) were observed in the HA group. CONCLUSIONS: No benefits of HA-therapy were observed in patients with infective endocarditis undergoing valve surgery.

Automated fastener versus manually tied knots in minimally invasive mitral valve repair: impact on operation time and short- term results.

BACKGROUND: This study compares the influence of two different annuloplasty attachment suture applications, namely the use of an automated fastener versus manually tied knots using a traditional knot pusher, on total operation time, on cardiopulmonary-bypass time and on cross-clamp time, and on short-term outcome. METHODS: Sixty patients underwent isolated minimally invasive mitral valve repair in Carpentier Type-II mitral disease with implantation of an annuloplasty ring in combination with correction of the prolapsing leaflet using artificial chords. The first 30 patients after implementation of a novel automated fastener were compared with the last 30 patients corrected with a traditional knot pusher. No significant differences with regard to demographic data (age, gender, NYHA class, ejection fraction, BMI, cardiovascular risk factors) between the two groups were found. All patients received isolated mitral valve repair in the first run. Bretschneider HTK was used for cardioplegic cardiac arrest in all patients. RESULTS: Transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography at the end of operation and at discharge revealed no (n = 25), trace (n = 28) or mild (n = 7) residual regurgitation with no evidence of ring dehiscence and without any significant clinical differences between the groups. Cross-clamp, cardiopulmonary-bypass and total- operation time were significantly reduced in the automated fastener group compared to the group using a traditional knot pusher (87.1 ± 17.9 vs. 101.3 ± 17.8; p < 0.01, 138.1 ± 25.6 vs. 152.7 ± 24.9; p < 0.05, and 203.9 ± 31.02 vs. 223.8 ± 29.01; p < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our short-term results indicate a safe, reliable and fast application of the novel automated fastener device in combination with significant time savings in cardioplegic arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass.

A new cable-tie based sternal closure system: description of the device, technique of implantation and first clinical evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Wire closure still remains the preferred technique despite reasonable disadvantages. Associated complications, such as infection and sternal instability, cause time- and cost-consuming therapies. We present a new tool for sternal closure with its first clinical experience and results. METHODS: The sternal ZipFix(TM) System is based on the cable-tie principle. It primarily consists of biocompatible Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone implants and is predominantly used peristernally through the intercostal space. The system provides a large implant-to-bone contact for better force distribution and for avoiding bone cut through. RESULTS: 50 patients were closed with the ZipFix(TM) system. No sternal instability was observed at 30 days. Two patients developed a mediastinitis that necessitated the removal of the device; however, the ZipFix(TM) were intact and the sternum remained stable. CONCLUSIONS: In our initial evaluation, the short-term results have shown that the sternal ZipFix(TM) can be used safely and effectively. It is fast, easy to use and serves as a potential alternative for traditional wire closure.

Graft occlusion after deployment of the Symmetry Bypass System.

Recently the Symmetry Bypass System (SJM, St. Paul, MN) became available. Now the system is frequently applied for vein-graft to aorta anastomoses in off-pump coronary artery bypass operations. This report describes a complication associated with the use of the Symmetry Bypass System (SJM) in a patient undergoing a standard off-pump coronary artery bypass procedure. A novel imaging system (SPY, Novadaq, Toronto, Canada) was applied for intraoperative assessment of graft function, and this system immediately diagnosed the occlusion of the proximal mechanical anastomosis caused by a mobile atheromatous aortic plaque.