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1.
Bol. pediatr ; 62(262): 266-272, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225308

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Durante la temporada 2020-2021 se ha asistido a una disminución de la incidencia de hospitalizaciones por bronquiolitis. Los cambios en la evolución de la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2 y en la aplicación de medidas preventivas podrían relacionarse con un aumento de la incidencia de bronquiolitis grave durante la temporada 2021-2022. Objetivo. Determinar la incidencia de hospitalizaciones por bronquiolitis en un hospital terciario durante la temporada 2021-2022 y compararla con temporadas previas. Método. Estudio epidemiológico de tipo observacional, descriptivo y ambispectivo. A través de la base de datos de un hospital terciario, se compararon la incidencia, la etiología y los indicadores de gravedad de las hospitalizaciones por bronquiolitis. Se analizaron 3 cohortes en época epidémica: la temporada 2020-2021 y la 2021-2022 (prospectivas); y la temporada 2018-2019 (retrospectiva). También se analizó una cohorte prospectiva entre los meses de abril y octubre de 2021. Resultados. La incidencia acumulada de hospitalizaciones fue de 113,6/10.000 niños menores de 2 años en la temporada pre-covídica; de 3,6/10.000 en la temporada 2020-2021; y de 65,7/10.000 en la temporada 2021-2022. El porcentaje de ingresos en UCIP fue de 36,6%, 0 % y 30,8%, respectivamente. La incidencia acumulada de hospitalizaciones en el periodo no epidémico fue de 60,8/10.000, precisando ingreso en UCIP el 19%. El microorganismo más frecuente fue el virus respiratorio sincitial en todas las cohortes. Conclusiones. La incidencia durante los meses típicamente epidémicos de bronquiolitis bajó drásticamente la temporada en la que apareció el SARS-CoV-2, aumentando notablemente el año posterior, aunque sin alcanzar la incidencia previa a la pandemia. Se ha observado una incidencia alta de casos de bronquiolitis entre abril y octubre de 2021 (AU)


Introduction. A decrease has been observed during the 2020-2021 season in the incidence of hospitalizations for bronchiolitis. Changes in the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and in the application of preventive measures could be related to an increase in the incidence of severe bronchiolitis during the 2021-2022 season. Objective. To determine the incidence of bronchiolitis hospitalizations in a tertiary hospital during the 2021-2022 season and to compare it with previous seasons. Method. An observational, descriptive and ambispective epidemiological study. A tertiary hospital database was used to compare the incidence, etiology, and severity indicators of bronchiolitis hospitalizations. 3 cohorts were analyzed in epidemic times: the 2020-2021 season and the 2021-2022 season (prospective); and the 2018-2019 season (retrospective). A prospective cohort between the months of April and October 2021 was also analyzed. Results. The cumulative incidence of hospitalizations was 113.6/10,000 children under 2 years of age in the pre-covid season; 3.6/10,000 in the 2020-2021 season; and 65.7/10,000 in the 2021-2022 season. The percentage of admissions in PICU was 36.6%, 0% and 30.8%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of hospitalizations in the non-epidemic period was 60.8/10,000, with 19% requiring admission to the PICU. The most frequent microorganism was the respiratory syncytial virus in all cohorts. Conclusions. The incidence during the typically epidemic months of bronchiolitis drastically decreased the season in which SARS-CoV-2 appeared, noticeably increasing the next year, although without reaching the pre-pandemic incidence. A high incidence of bronchiolitis cases was observed between April and October 2021 (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Bronchiolitis, Viral/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pandemics , Spain/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Incidence
2.
Bol. pediatr ; 62(262): 291-296, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225312

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Valorar si el uso de gafas de realidad virtual (RV) es un procedimiento con posible aplicación para disminuir el dolor percibido por los niños al enfrentarse a procedimientos dolorosos. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo observacional en pacientes pediátricos que acuden al hospital de día de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (CIP) para la realización de procedimientos invasivos que precisan canalizar una vía venosa. Resultados. Participaron en el estudio 22 pacientes (13 niños y 9 niñas) de edades comprendidas entre 5 y 16 años, con una media de edad de 9,7 ± 3,5 años. La medición del dolor se llevó a cabo mediante las escalas de Wong-Baker y la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), según la edad de los pacientes, obteniéndose una media de dolor de 2,42 ± 2,06 sobre 10 puntos. Además, se recogió el nivel de satisfacción con la intervención, mediante una encuesta no validada valorada del 0 al 4, con una satisfacción de 3,89 puntos en los pacientes; 3,71 en sus padres; 3,94 en el personal médico y 3,50 en el de enfermería. Conclusiones. El uso de RV es fácilmente aplicable a niños sometidos a procedimientos dolorosos, con un alto nivel de satisfacción con la intervención, y podría contribuir a disminuir el dolor percibido por el paciente (AU)


Objective. Evaluate if using Virtual Reality (VR) could be useful to reduce perceived pain between children facing painful procedures. Material and methods. An observational prospective study was performed in paediatric patients who attended the Paediatric ICU’s Day hospital to get invasive procedures done, where a previous venipuncture was needed. Results. 22 patients were included (13 males and 9 females) of ages between 5 and 16 years old, with an average of 9.7 ± 3.5 years old. The most common procedure, performed in 14 patients, was digestive endoscopy. Pain measurement was analyzed with Wong-Baker and visual analog scales, depending on childrens’ ages, getting a final pain average of 2.42 ± 2.06 out of 10 points. What is more, the satisfaction level was studied with a non validate scale going from 0 to 4, getting a result of 3.89 points between patients; 3.71 between their parents; 3.94 between doctors and 3.50 between nurses. Conclusion. Using VR is suitable for children undergoing painful procedures, getting a high satisfaction level with the intervention, and it could contribute to diminish pain level perceived by the patient (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Child Health Services , Virtual Reality , Pain/prevention & control , Retrospective Studies , Visual Analog Scale , Patient Satisfaction
3.
Bol. pediatr ; 60(253): 122-129, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-201730

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Analizar los fármacos más utilizados para sedoanalgesia en procedimientos realizados en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP), medir su efectividad (nivel de sedación), efectos secundarios y control de calidad. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y descriptivo. Se recogieron datos epidemiológicos y clínicos, fármaco/s utilizado/s, nivel de sedación alcanzado, incidencias o efectos adversos y escalas de satisfacción, de pacientes de 0 a 18 años sometidos a procedimientos que precisaron sedoanalgesia. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 112 pacientes con una edad media de 8,3 años. El fármaco más utilizado fue el propofol (64,3%), seguido de la asociación de ketamina con midazolam (16,1%) y del sevofluorano (12,5%). En el 70,5% de los pacientes se alcanzó un nivel de sedación profunda, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los distintos fármacos. Se registraron efectos adversos en un 51,8% de pacientes, principalmente desaturación, con una frecuencia mayor al emplear propofol (p< 0,05). La puntuación en la satisfacción alcanzó el valor máximo en todos los padres encuestados, sin hallarse diferencias significativas en función del procedimiento, fármaco, nivel de sedación o efectos adversos. En el 80% de los profesionales la puntuación alcanzó ese mismo valor. CONCLUSIONES: El fármaco más utilizado y con mayor eficacia es el propofol, aunque se asocia más frecuentemente con efectos adversos. El nivel de sedoanalgesia fue adecuado en el momento de iniciar los procedimientos. El grado de satisfacción es óptimo en la mayor parte de los encuestados, aunque fue registrado en menos de la mitad de los procedimientos


OBJECTIVES: To analyze the drugs most used for sedoanalgesia in procedures performed in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), to measure their effectiveness (level of sedation achieved), the main side effects and to carry out a quality control. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, observational and descriptive study. Epidemiological and clinical data, drug (s) used, level of sedation achieved, incidences or adverse effects, and satisfaction scales were collected from patients from 0 to 18 years of age who underwent procedures that required sedation and analgesia. RESULTS: 112 patients with an average age of 8.3 years were included. The most widely used drug was propofol (64.3%), followed by the association of ketamine with midazolam (16.1%) and sevofluorane (12.5%). In 70.5% of the patients, a level of deep sedation was reached, with no statistically significant differences between the different drugs used. Adverse effects were recorded in 51.8% of patients, mainly desaturation, with a higher frequency when using propofol (p <0.05). Satisfaction score was maximal in all the parents surveyed, without finding significant differences based on the procedure, drug, level of sedation or adverse effects. In 80% of the professionals the score was also maximal. CONCLUSION: The most used and with the highest efficacy in absolute values drug was propofol, although it was more frequently associated with adverse effects. The level of sedoanalgesia was adequate at the time of initiating the procedures. The degree of satisfaction was optimal in most of the respondents, although it was registered in less than half of the procedures


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Critical Care/methods , Analgesics/administration & dosage , Acute Pain/drug therapy , Conscious Sedation/methods , Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Pain Management/methods , Prospective Studies , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Patient Safety , Diagnosis-Related Groups/organization & administration
4.
Bol. pediatr ; 59(250): 247-252, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-195024

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Diferentes estudios indican que haber presentado algún tipo de factor de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) siendo niños predispone a seguir presentándolo de adultos. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar si los FRCV (sobrepeso/obesidad, hipertensión, síndrome metabólico) presentaban canalización en la edad adulta. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo con dos puntos de corte (1992 y 2018). Se ofreció participar en el estudio a los pacientes de la cohorte asturiana del estudio RICARDIN. Se realizaron determinaciones somatométricas, toma de tensión arterial y una extracción analítica en ayunas para determinar niveles de glucemia y perfil lipídico. Análisis estadístico: pruebas de correlación, pruebas t para datos pareados (variables cuantitativas) y pruebas de McNemar (variables categóricas); regresión logística binaria para calcular la odds ratio de presentar niveles elevados de un FRCV en 2018 tomando como variable independiente sus valores en 1992. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 72 pacientes. El 60% de los participantes con sobrepeso y el 100% de los que presentaban obesidad en 1992 lo seguían presentando en 2018. El tener hipercolesterolemia en 1992 multiplicaba por 4 el riesgo de presentarla en 2018 (OR= 4 IC95% [1,173-13,639], p= 0,027). Aquellos participantes con sobrepeso en la infancia presentaban niveles significativamente más altos de IMC, TAS, TAD y perímetro abdominal en la edad adulta. CONCLUSIONES: El sobrepeso y la hipercolesterolemia presentan una canalización significativa entre la infancia y la edad adulta. Dicha circunstancia obliga a iniciar el control de dichos FRCV en la infancia, para intentar evitar su perpetuación en el tiempo


INTRODUCTION: Different studies have indicated that having had any type of cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) as a child predisposes to continuing to have it as an adult. Our objective has been to analyze if the CVRFs (overweight/obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome) had canalization in the adult age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study with two cutoffs (1992 and 2018). Patients of the Asturian cohort of the RICARDIN study were offered to participate in the study. Somatometric measurements and blood pressure measurements as well as blood drawing at fasting to determine levels of glucose and lipid profile were performed. Statistical analysis: correlation tests, T tests for paired data (quantitative variables) and Mc Nemar tests (categorical variables); binary logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio of presenting elevated levels of CVRF in 2018, using their levels in 1992 as independent variable. RESULTS: 72 patients were studied. 60 % of the participants with overweightness and 100% of those who presented obesity in 1992 continued to present them in 2018. Having hypercholesterolemia in 1992 multiplied the risk of having it in 2018 4 times (OR= 4 CI95% [1.173-13.639], p= 0.027). Those participants who were overweight in childhood presented significantly higher levels of BMI, SBP, DBP and waist circumference in the adult age. CONCLUSIONS: Being overweight and having hypercholesterolemia presents a significant canalization between childhood and adult age. Said circumstance makes it necessary to initiate control of said CVRFs in childhood, to try to avoid their indefinite continuation over time


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Hypercholesterolemia/prevention & control , Hypertension/prevention & control , Obesity/prevention & control , Metabolic Syndrome/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Reduction Behavior , Risk Factors , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
7.
Bol. pediatr ; 56(237): 191-194, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-160403

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes oncológicos suponen un número importante de ingresos en UCIP, especialmente las neoplasias hematológicas, por su incidencia aumentada de fallo multiorgánico y necesidad de técnicas de soporte agresivo como la ventilación mecánica invasiva, la depuración extrarrenal y otras. La limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico cuando se producen situaciones de extrema gravedad siempre ha sido una posibilidad a considerar. El pronóstico en los últimos años se ha modificado, con un aumento de la supervivencia. Entre las complicaciones más frecuentes que sufren estos pacientes están las pulmonares, las cuales presentan mejor evolución debido a los avances en ventilación mecánica, como el uso de la ventilación no invasiva. El síndrome de obstrucción sinusoidal hepática es otra de las complicaciones más frecuentes. El caso que presentamos sirve para ilustrar que, a pesar de ser un reto en el manejo dentro de las UCIPs y presentar todavía una alta mortalidad, parece adecuado utilizar todos los tratamientos de soporte disponibles, individualizando cada caso según las circunstancias particulares


Cancer patients constitute a significant number of hospital admissions at the PICU, especially, hematopoietic malignancies for their increased incidence of organ failure and aggressive support techniques such as VMI and renal replacement therapy among others. Therapeutic withdrawal is always a possibility to consider in cases of special severity. In recent years, the prognosis has been improved, with increased survival. Pulmonary complications are usual on these patients. They have a better evolution thanks to the advances in mechanical ventilation, as the use of non-invasive ventilation. Sinusoidal hepatic obstruction syndrom is another usual complication. The present case illustrates that despite being a challenge the management of these patients in the PICU with a high mortality, it seems appropriate to use all available support treatments, on a case by case approach according to the particular circumstances


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/etiology , Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/surgery , Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation , Noninvasive Ventilation
8.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 83(6): 367-375, dic. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-146516

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El daño renal agudo (DRA) es una complicación grave en niños críticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características de esta patología en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP) españolas e identificar factores de riesgo asociados con la mortalidad y la necesidad de depuración extrarrenal al alta. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo observacional multicéntrico que incluyó niños de 7 días a 16 años de edad con DRA ingresados en UCIP. Se realizó un estudio univariante y multivariante de los factores de riesgo asociados con la mortalidad y necesidad de depuración extrarrenal al alta. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 139 casos de DRA. En el 60,1% de los casos fue necesaria la utilización de alguna técnica de depuración. La mortalidad durante el ingreso fue del 32,4% y el 15,1% de los supervivientes necesitaban diálisis al alta de la UCIP. En el estudio de regresión logística multivariante la trombocitopenia y los valores bajos de aclaramiento de creatinina fueron factores pronósticos que predijeron la necesidad de diálisis al alta. Ajustando por peso, las cifras elevadas de plaquetas y creatinina se relacionaron con una mayor supervivencia. CONCLUSIONES: Los niños críticamente enfermos con DRA presentan una morbimortalidad elevada. La cifra de plaquetas y el aclaramiento de creatinina son marcadores de necesidad de diálisis al alta de la UCIP y la cifra de plaquetas, la creatinina sérica y el peso, marcadores de supervivencia


INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication in critically ill children. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of AKI, as well as to analyse the prognostic factors for mortality and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children admitted to Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) in Spain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicentre study including children from 7 days to 16 years old who were admitted to a PICU. A univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the risk factors for mortality and renal replacement therapy at PICU discharge were performed. RESULTS: A total of 139 cases of AKI were analysed. RRT was necessary in 60.1% of cases. Mortality rate was 32.6%. At PICU discharge RRT was necessary in 15% of survivors. Thrombopenia and low creatinine clearance values were prognostic markers of RRT at PICU discharge. High values of platelets, serum creatinine and weight were associated with higher survival. CONCLUSIONS: Critically ill children with AKI had a high mortality and morbidity rate. Platelet values and creatinine clearance are markers of RRT at PICU discharge, whereas number of platelets, serum creatinine and weight were associated with mortality


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Acute Kidney Injury/pathology , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Acute Kidney Injury/complications , Acute Kidney Injury/blood , Epidemiological Monitoring/trends , Risk Factors , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis , Renal Dialysis/methods , Creatinine/blood , Platelet Count , Prognosis , Spain/epidemiology
9.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 83(4): 272-276, oct. 2015. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-143976

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el grado de bienestar y el nivel de ruido en lactantes que reciben asistencia respiratoria con interfase tipo helmet. Pacientes y método: Estudio analítico, observacional y descriptivo en el que se incluye a todos los lactantes (entre 1 y 12 meses de edad) con helmet ingresados en una UCIP entre el 1 de noviembre del 2013 y el 31 de marzo del 2014. Para la valoración del bienestar se utilizó la Escala de Confort Pediátrica (ECP). Los niveles de ruido fueron medidos con el sonógrafo HIBOK 412. Se realizaron mediciones 3 veces al día. RESULTADOS: Se incluyó a 27 pacientes con bronquiolitis (edad mediana 54 días; rango: 10 - 256). La puntuación mediana de ECP en el primer día fue de 21 puntos (rango: 14-28). Se observó una mejoría en el bienestar objetivado por una disminución progresiva de las puntuaciones, con una reducción máxima del 22% desde las primeras horas (puntuación de 23) al quinto día (puntuación de 18). La cifra mínima de ruido interno fue de 42dB, la máxima fue de 78dB. Las cifras de ruido externo se correlacionan con las de ruido interno tomadas en el mismo momento. No se observaron diferencias en el grado de bienestar del paciente, ni en el ruido en función del tipo de dispositivo de ventilación empleado. CONCLUSIONES: El helmet es una interfase bien tolerada. La puntuación COMFORT obtenida permite mantener a los niños con un grado entre cómodo y muy cómodo. Los niveles de ruido medidos se encuentran dentro del rango máximo de ruido permitido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate comfort and noise intensity using the COMFORT scale in infants who receive respiratory support with a helmet interface. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational descriptive study was conducted on all infants (1 to 12 months of age) admitted to a PICU from November 1st 2013 to March 31th 2014 and who received non-invasive ventilation with a helmet interface. Tolerance to the interface was assessed by use of the COMFORT scale. The intensity of the noise to which the infants were exposed was measured with a TES1350A HIBOK 412 sound-level meter. Three measurements were made every day. RESULTS: Twenty seven patients with bronchiolitis (median age: 54 days; range: 10 to 256) were included. Median COMFORT score in the first day was 21 points (14 - 28). An increase in patient comfort was found with a gradual decrease in the scores, with a maximum reduction of 22% from the first hours (score of 22) to the fifth day (score of 18). The minimum sound intensity registered was 42dB, and the maximum was 78dB. Background noise intensity was associated with noise intensity in the helmet. No differences were observed in COMFORT score and noise intensity between ventilator devices. CONCLUSIONS: Helmet interface was well tolerated by infants. COMFORT score results are an indicator that infants were comfortable or very comfortable. The measured noise intensity was in the safe range permitted by World Health Organization


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Bronchiolitis/diagnosis , Bronchiolitis/therapy , Respiration, Artificial/instrumentation , Respiration, Artificial , Infant Welfare/prevention & control , Infant Welfare/trends , Ultrasonography , Noise/prevention & control , Noise Measurement/methods , Noise Measurement/prevention & control , Noise Monitoring/methods , Noise Meters/methods , Prospective Studies , Data Collection/methods , Data Collection/statistics & numerical data , Weights and Measures
11.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 83(4): 272-6, 2015 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25823406

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate comfort and noise intensity using the COMFORT scale in infants who receive respiratory support with a helmet interface. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational descriptive study was conducted on all infants (1 to 12 months of age) admitted to a PICU from November 1st 2013 to March 31st 2014 and who received non-invasive ventilation with a helmet interface. Tolerance to the interface was assessed by use of the COMFORT scale. The intensity of the noise to which the infants were exposed was measured with a TES1350A HIBOK 412 sound-level meter. Three measurements were made every day. RESULTS: Twenty seven patients with bronchiolitis (median age: 54 days; range: 10 to 256) were included. Median COMFORT score in the first day was 21 points (14 - 28). An increase in patient comfort was found with a gradual decrease in the scores, with a maximum reduction of 22% from the first hours (score of 22) to the fifth day (score of 18). The minimum sound intensity registered was 42dB, and the maximum was 78dB. Background noise intensity was associated with noise intensity in the helmet. No differences were observed in COMFORT score and noise intensity between ventilator devices. CONCLUSIONS: Helmet interface was well tolerated by infants. COMFORT score results are an indicator that infants were comfortable or very comfortable. The measured noise intensity was in the safe range permitted by World Health Organization.


Subject(s)
Noise , Noninvasive Ventilation/instrumentation , Female , Head , Humans , Infant , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Male , Prospective Studies
12.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 83(6): 367-75, 2015 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25754312

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication in critically ill children. The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of AKI, as well as to analyse the prognostic factors for mortality and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children admitted to Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) in Spain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicentre study including children from 7 days to 16 years old who were admitted to a PICU. A univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the risk factors for mortality and renal replacement therapy at PICU discharge were performed. RESULTS: A total of 139 cases of AKI were analysed. RRT was necessary in 60.1% of cases. Mortality rate was 32.6%. At PICU discharge RRT was necessary in 15% of survivors. Thrombopenia and low creatinine clearance values were prognostic markers of RRT at PICU discharge. High values of platelets, serum creatinine and weight were associated with higher survival. CONCLUSIONS: Critically ill children with AKI had a high mortality and morbidity rate. Platelet values and creatinine clearance are markers of RRT at PICU discharge, whereas number of platelets, serum creatinine and weight were associated with mortality.


Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Critical Illness , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Renal Replacement Therapy , Spain
13.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 82(1): e158-e164, ene. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-131703

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar los conocimientos sobre dolor infantil entre un grupo de profesionales de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico y otro de un hospital general. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo basado en la utilización de un cuestionario validado para la valoración de los conocimientos y actitudes del personal de enfermería sobre el dolor pediátrico (Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain [PNKAS]). Se distribuyó el cuestionario entre el personal de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico y de un hospital general. RESULTADOS: La puntuación obtenida en el hospital pediátrico vs. hospital general fue: media, 51,7 vs. 47,2%, intervalo de confianza 95%: 47,5-56% vs. 43,6-50,8% (p = 0,098). CONCLUSIONES: No existió una mejor puntuación en el cuestionario PNKAS en la enfermería que trabaja exclusivamente con niños que en la enfermería que trabaja con población general. Resulta necesario mejorar la formación sobre el dolor pediátrico en la enfermería que atiende al niño enfermo hospitalizado


OBJECTIVE: To compare infant pain knowledge between a group of nurses who work in a pediatric hospital and one that works in a general hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study based on the use of a validated questionnaire for assessing the knowledge and attitudes of nurses about pediatric pain (Pediatric Nurses Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain [PNKAS]). PNKAS questionnaire was distributed to the nursing staff of a pediatric hospital and a general hospital and the results were compared. RESULTS: The average score obtained in the pediatric vs. the general hospital was: mean, 51.7% vs. 47.2%, 95% confidence interval, 47.5 to 56% vs. 43.6 to 50.8% (P = .098). CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences between the scores in the PNKAS questionnaire between nurses working exclusively with children and nurses working with general population. Training on pediatric pain needs to be improved in nurses caring for sick children


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pain/congenital , Pain/diagnosis , /legislation & jurisprudence , /ethics , Primary Care Nursing/ethics , Primary Care Nursing/instrumentation , Nursing Staff, Hospital/education , Nursing Staff, Hospital/ethics , Hospitals, Pediatric/ethics , Pain/complications , Pain/prevention & control , /organization & administration , /standards , Primary Care Nursing/standards , Primary Care Nursing , Nursing Staff, Hospital/organization & administration , Hospitals, Pediatric , Hospitals, Pediatric/standards
14.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 82(1): e158-64, 2015 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24877615

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare infant pain knowledge between a group of nurses who work in a pediatric hospital and one that works in a general hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study based on the use of a validated questionnaire for assessing the knowledge and attitudes of nurses about pediatric pain (Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain [PNKAS]). PNKAS questionnaire was distributed to the nursing staff of a pediatric hospital and a general hospital and the results were compared. RESULTS: The average score obtained in the pediatric vs. the general hospital was: mean, 51.7% vs. 47.2%, 95% confidence interval, 47.5 to 56% vs. 43.6 to 50.8% (P=.098). CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences between the scores in the PNKAS questionnaire between nurses working exclusively with children and nurses working with general population. Training on pediatric pain needs to be improved in nurses caring for sick children.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Nursing , Pain , Adult , Child , Hospitals, General , Hospitals, Pediatric , Humans , Middle Aged , Nursing Staff, Hospital , Pain/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
17.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 79(3): 136-141, sept. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-116564

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar la incidencia de trombosis y obstrucción asociada a las vías centrales implantadas a niños críticamente enfermos y la determinación de sus factores de riesgo. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo observacional, desarrollado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátrica de un hospital universitario. Material y método: Se analizaron 825 catéteres venosos centrales (CVC) insertados en 546 pacientes. Se recogieron la edad, el sexo, el peso, el tipo de catéter (luces, tamaño, marca), la localización final del catéter, la existencia de ventilación mecánica, el tipo de sedación y analgesia utilizado, el médico que realizó la técnica, el fallo inicial del residente con posterior canalización por el adjunto, el número de intentos, la indicación, la enfermedad de base, el diagnóstico de ingreso, el tipo de cateterización (urgente, programada o recanalización) y las complicaciones mecánicas tardías (CMT). Se determinaron los factores de riesgo para estas complicaciones mediante un análisis de regresión múltiple. Resultados: Se registraron 52 CMT (6,14%), 42 obstrucciones y 10 trombosis. Las tasas de obstrucción y trombosis fueron de 4,96 y 1,18 por cada 100 CVC, respectivamente. El único factor de riesgo asociado de forma independiente a la obstrucción fue el tiempo de duración del CVC (OR = 1,05, IC del 95%, 1,00-1,10). Respecto a la trombosis, tanto el número de luces (OR = 4,88, IC del 95%, 1,26-18,90) como la nutrición parenteral (OR = 4,17, IC del 95%, 1,06-16,31) alcanzaron significación estadística en el análisis bivariante. Sin embargo, no se objetivaron factores de riesgo para trombosis en el análisis multivariante. Conclusiones: La obstrucción y la trombosis de los CVC insertados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátrica de un hospital universitario son relativamente frecuentes. El tiempo de duración de la vía central es un factor de riesgo independiente para la obstrucción de alguna de sus luces (AU)


Objective: To analyse the incidence of thrombosis and obstruction associated with central venous lines (CVL) inserted in critically ill children, and to determine their risk factors. Design: Prospective observational study in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in a University Hospital. Material and method: An analysis was made of 825 CVL placed in 546 patients. Age, gender, weight, type of catheter (lines, size, and brand), final location of the catheter, mechanical ventilation, type of sedation and analgesia used, initial failure by the doctor to perform CVL catheterization, number of attempts, CVL indication, admission diagnosis, emergency or scheduled procedure, and delayed mechanical complications (DMC). Risk factors for these complications were determined by a multiple regression analysis. Results: A total of 52 cases of DMC, 42 cases of obstruction, and 10 of thrombosis were registered. Obstruction and thrombosis rates were 4.96 and 1.18 per 100 CVL, respectively. The only risk factor independently linked to obstruction was the duration of the CVL (OR 1.05; 95% CI; 1.00-1.10). The number of lines with thrombosis (OR 4.88; 95% CI; 1.26-18.0), as well as parenteral nutrition (OR 4.17; 95% CI; 1.06-16.31) was statistically significant according to bivariate analysis. However, no risk factors for thrombosis were found in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Obstruction and thrombosis of CVL inserted in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit are relatively common complications. CVL duration is an independent risk factor for any line obstruction (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Thrombosis/etiology , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Graft Occlusion, Vascular/epidemiology , Critical Care/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors
19.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 79(3): 136-41, 2013 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23428760

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the incidence of thrombosis and obstruction associated with central venous lines (CVL) inserted in critically ill children, and to determine their risk factors. DESIGN: Prospective observational study in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in a University Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An analysis was made of 825 CVL placed in 546 patients. Age, gender, weight, type of catheter (lines, size, and brand), final location of the catheter, mechanical ventilation, type of sedation and analgesia used, initial failure by the doctor to perform CVL catheterization, number of attempts, CVL indication, admission diagnosis, emergency or scheduled procedure, and delayed mechanical complications (DMC). Risk factors for these complications were determined by a multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 52 cases of DMC, 42 cases of obstruction, and 10 of thrombosis were registered. Obstruction and thrombosis rates were 4.96 and 1.18 per 100 CVL, respectively. The only risk factor independently linked to obstruction was the duration of the CVL (OR 1.05; 95% CI; 1.00-1.10). The number of lines with thrombosis (OR 4.88; 95% CI; 1.26-18.0), as well as parenteral nutrition (OR 4.17; 95% CI; 1.06-16.31) was statistically significant according to bivariate analysis. However, no risk factors for thrombosis were found in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Obstruction and thrombosis of CVL inserted in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit are relatively common complications. CVL duration is an independent risk factor for any line obstruction.


Subject(s)
Catheter Obstruction/adverse effects , Catheter Obstruction/statistics & numerical data , Central Venous Catheters , Thrombosis/epidemiology , Thrombosis/etiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Male , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
20.
Bol. pediatr ; 53(225): 152-155, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-117301

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El maltrato infantil es un problema de salud pública. Varios estudios han señalado que este diagnóstico se incrementa de forma alarmante. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la forma de presentación de los casos de maltrato físico infantil que precisaron ingreso en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP).Métodos. studio descriptivo retrospectivo (1995-2011). Se incluyeron los casos de maltrato físico grave que precisaron ingreso en la UCIP. Se analizaron datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, resultados de las pruebas complementarias y tipos de tratamientos requeridos. Resultados. Se analizaron ocho casos con una mediana de edad de 7 meses. El síntoma guía principal fue neurológico. Los hallazgos patológicos más frecuentes encontrados en las pruebas complementarias fueron hematomas subdurales (6 pacientes), hemorragias retinianas (4 pacientes), sufrimiento cerebral difuso (3 pacientes), fractura craneal (3 pacientes), fracturas óseas en otras localizaciones (2 pacientes). Finalmente, un paciente falleció y dos presentaron secuelas neurológicas graves. Conclusión. La clínica de los malos tratos físicos puede interpretarse erróneamente como una enfermedad neurológica. Es importante considerar este diagnóstico para identificar precozmente casos de maltrato y realizar las pruebas complementarias necesarias. El riesgo de secuelas graves o muerte es elevado, por lo que el diagnóstico precoz es fundamental (AU)


Introduction. Child abuse is a problem of public health. Several reports have demonstrated an increasing tendency for this problem. The objective of this study is to describe cases of severe child abuse admitted to paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Methods. It is a retrospective study (1995-2011) in which patients diagnosed with physical child abuse admitted to PICU were included. Epidemiological and clinical findings, diagnostic procedures and therapy were analyzed. Results. Eight patients were included with a median age of 7 months. The most frequent sign was neurological. The more frequent injuries associated were subdural haematoma (6 patients), retinal haemorrhages (4 patients), severe abnormality in electroencephalogram (3 patients), skull fracture (3 patients), other fractures (2 patients). Finally, there was one death and two cases of severe neurological damage. Conclusion.C hild abuse can be falsely diagnosed as a neurological disease. Pediatricians should be aware of this pathology in order to identify cases of abuse as soon as possible. The relevance of early diagnosis is based on the fact that an early intervention could prevent severe sequelae or death (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Shaken Baby Syndrome/epidemiology , Hematoma, Subdural, Acute/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Early Diagnosis , Retrospective Studies
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