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1.
PLoS One ; 8(8): e71220, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23940723

ABSTRACT

Colonization by Helicobacter species is commonly noted in many mammals. These infections often remain unrecognized, but can cause severe health complications or more subtle host immune perturbations. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize putative novel Helicobacter spp. from Bengal tigers in Thailand. Morphological investigation (Gram-staining and electron microscopy) and genetic studies (16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, flagellin, urease and prophage gene analyses, RAPD DNA fingerprinting and restriction fragment polymorphisms) as well as Western blotting were used to characterize the isolated Helicobacters. Electron microscopy revealed spiral-shaped bacteria, which varied in length (2.5-6 µm) and contained up to four monopolar sheathed flagella. The 16SrRNA, 23SrRNA, sequencing and protein expression analyses identified novel H. acinonychis isolates closely related to H. pylori. These Asian isolates are genetically very similar to H. acinonychis strains of other big cats (cheetahs, lions, lion-tiger hybrid and other tigers) from North America and Europe, which is remarkable in the context of the great genetic diversity among worldwide H. pylori strains. We also found by immunoblotting that the Bengal tiger isolates express UreaseA/B, flagellin, BabA adhesin, neutrophil-activating protein NapA, HtrA protease, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase GGT, Slt lytic transglycosylase and two DNA transfer relaxase orthologs that were known from H. pylori, but not the cag pathogenicity island, nor CagA, VacA, SabA, DupA or OipA proteins. These results give fresh insights into H. acinonychis genetics and the expression of potential pathogenicity-associated factors and their possible pathophysiological relevance in related gastric infections.


Subject(s)
Helicobacter Infections/veterinary , Helicobacter/genetics , Helicobacter/ultrastructure , Tigers/microbiology , Animals , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , DNA Fingerprinting , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial , Genes, Bacterial , Helicobacter/isolation & purification , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Microscopy, Electron , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Urease/genetics , Urease/metabolism
2.
Rev. bioméd. (México) ; 11(3): 187-205, jul.-sept. 2000. CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-294988

ABSTRACT

En este artículo revisamos la evidencia concerniente a los factores de virulencia de Helicobacter pylori, la principal causa de gastritis, úlceras pépticas y algunos tipos de neoplasias. También se hace un resumen de los hallazgos acerca de los posibles modos de transmisión, incluyendo las siguientes rutas: oral-oral, gastro-oral y fecal-oral. La principal evidencia para cada una de esas rutas consisten el aislamiento e identificación del DNA de H pylori en saliva, placa dental, heces y en el agua. También se describen algunos factores de virulencia tales como a) la actividad de ureasa que promueve la liberación de amonia la cual puede inducir daño en el epitelio gástrico; b) adhesinas bacterianas que son fundamentales para el proceso de colonización; c) hemaglutininas las cuales inducen auto-anticuerpos debido a su similaridad bioquímica con antígenos presentes en los grupos sanguíneos; d) presencia del gen asociado a la vacuolización (vacA) y del gen asociado a la citotoxicidad (cagA) que correlaciona con cepas virulentas que exhiben actividad de citotóxica. El perfil de la distribución epidemiológica a nivel mundial de H. pylori está correlacionado con la distribución del cáncer gástrico. También describimos en este artículo la metodología para la diagnosis de H. pylori mediante el cultivo, incluyendo un método económico que genera la atmósfera microaerofílica requerida, un método de ureasa rápido y de bajo costo, así como la visualización de bacterias curvas en frotis de biopsias gástricas.


Subject(s)
Gastritis/etiology , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Stomach Neoplasms/etiology , Peptic Ulcer/etiology , Adhesins, Bacterial/physiology , Hemagglutinins/physiology , Urease/physiology
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