ABSTRACT
AIM: To develop and psychometrically test the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 to assess presenteeism in the Spanish healthcare population. BACKGROUND: Presenteeism, referring to going to work despite being ill, has been associated with job stress, productivity losses, reduced patient safety and increased health problems among the professionals who suffer from it. INTRODUCTION: The highest prevalence of presenteeism in the healthcare sector is among nurses. Their decision to attend work while ill has been related to role overload, lack of supervisor support, mental health and physical conditions. METHODS: A cross-sectional and validation study was conducted between September 2015 and June 2016 in a hospital in Asturias, Spain. Four hundred and ninety-five healthcare professionals voluntarily agreed to participate (281 nurses, 122 physicians and 92 nursing assistants). RESULTS: Presenteeism prevalence was high; the majority of it being in the nursing category. Bartlett's test and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test indicated that the data meet the conditions for factorial analysis, evidencing a small variability in the median of each sample item and a significant standard deviation. Adjustment rates obtained in the exploratory factor analysis showed adequacy, and reliability rates also showed adequacy for both factors. It was verified by a confirmatory analysis that the factors of presenteeism are positively associated with burnout. CONCLUSION: The Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 showed good psychometric properties to study presenteeism in the Spanish healthcare sector. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: Nursing leaders must develop measurements to assess and control psychosocial risks in order to improve the physical and mental health of professionals and reduce patient safety risks.
Subject(s)
Health Personnel , Leadership , Nurse's Role , Presenteeism , Cross-Sectional Studies , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Health Personnel/psychology , Humans , Occupational Stress , Patient Safety , Physicians , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study investigates differences in health (Somatic Symptoms, Anxiety / Insomnia, Social Dysfunction and Severe Depression) relating to professional burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment) suffered by prison staff, taking into account the workplace where they perform their activities (therapeutic vs. non therapeutic modules). METHODS: The participants consisted of 222 workers of both sexes, with ages ranging from 18 to 60 years, working in different prisons in Spain (Educational and Therapeutic Modules, N = 1001; Non Educational and Therapeutic Modules = 121). The tools used were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) of Goldberg and Hillier (1979) and the burnout Inventory of Maslach and Jackson (1981). A mean comparison was performed using Students t test along with a linear regression analysis, differentiating between Educational and Therapeutic Modules and Non Educational and Therapeutic Modules. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between both clusters and predictive values of burnout factors for the different health levels in both prison models were identified. Possible explanations for the findings and the implications for intervention are discussed.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/psychology , Prisons/organization & administration , Adolescent , Adult , Burnout, Professional/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Spain , Young AdultABSTRACT
Objetivo: Con la intervención psicosocial de carácter educativo-preventivo, implementada en 4 centros de enseñanza secundaria del Principado de Asturias, el objetivo prioritario que se ha perseguido es promover cambios en las actitudes hacia el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas del colectivo de adolescentes que han participado en el estudio longitudinal llevado a cabo. Material y métodos: Se ha procedido a comprobar la eficacia preventiva de 4 programas de intervención psicosocial calificados como de intervención familiar, experto, informativo y de sensibilización básica. En la primera encuesta participaron 755 alumnos, y posteriormente se seleccionaron 4 grupos experimentales y un grupo control, integrados por 141 adolescentes. Se han analizado las actitudes permisivas y contrarias hacia las drogas ilegales y hacia drogas institucionalizadas (tabaco y alcohol) y la percepción valorativa de sus consumidores, entre otros factores. Resultados: De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, se confirma la eficacia preventiva de las sesiones educativo-preventivas implementadas en promover cambios en la actitud ante el consumo de drogas, en la dirección predicha relativa a un fortalecimiento de las actitudes opuestas al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, así como una disminución significativa de actitudes previas permisivas. Conclusiones: A partir del análisis longitudinal de los resultados hallados en las comparaciones de las sucesivas evaluaciones del programa (7, 12 y 18 meses), y en función del programa preventivo empleado, ha de concluirse que la eficacia preventiva del programa de intervención psicosocial se mantiene a medio plazo (AU)