Knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions in a hemodialysis unit: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Standard precautions (SPs) are recommended safety measures for healthcare professionals to follow, with a view to preventing healthcare-related infections (HCRIs) and for their own protection. Inadequate adherence to these measures can lead to occurrences of occupational accidents and HCRIs. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the knowledge of and adherence to SP measures among the nursing staff of a hemodialysis service and the relationship of these variables to occurrences of work accidents with biological material. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive cross-sectional and correlational study with a quantitative approach developed in a hemodialysis clinic in Minas Gerais. METHODS: Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and questionnaires on knowledge of and adherence to SPs. RESULTS: 29 professionals participated in the study. It is noteworthy that all of them had already participated in training related to SPs. However, no relationship was identified between knowledge of (15.17 points) and adherence to (71.86 points) SPs. In addition, inferential analysis showed that there was a relationship between suffering a work accident with biological material and the sociodemographic data and knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the SPs that had been established did not mean mastery of the subject. Despite positive results regarding adherence, factors requiring improvement were observed. It was possible to infer the characteristics that gave rise to greater risk of occurrences of accidents at work. Thus, this study showed the importance of assessing knowledge of and adherence to SP, in order to optimize and direct continuing education towards resolving occupational exposure.

Knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions in a hemodialysis unit: a cross-sectional study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Standard precautions (SPs) are recommended safety measures for healthcare professionals to follow, with a view to preventing healthcare-related infections (HCRIs) and for their own protection. Inadequate adherence to these measures can lead to occurrences of occupational accidents and HCRIs. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the knowledge of and adherence to SP measures among the nursing staff of a hemodialysis service and the relationship of these variables to occurrences of work accidents with biological material. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive cross-sectional and correlational study with a quantitative approach developed in a hemodialysis clinic in Minas Gerais. METHODS: Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and questionnaires on knowledge of and adherence to SPs. RESULTS: 29 professionals participated in the study. It is noteworthy that all of them had already participated in training related to SPs. However, no relationship was identified between knowledge of (15.17 points) and adherence to (71.86 points) SPs. In addition, inferential analysis showed that there was a relationship between suffering a work accident with biological material and the sociodemographic data and knowledge of and adherence to standard precautions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the SPs that had been established did not mean mastery of the subject. Despite positive results regarding adherence, factors requiring improvement were observed. It was possible to infer the characteristics that gave rise to greater risk of occurrences of accidents at work. Thus, this study showed the importance of assessing knowledge of and adherence to SP, in order to optimize and direct continuing education towards resolving occupational exposure.

Quality of life of individuals with chronic kidney disease on dialysis / Qualidade de vida de indivíduos com doença renal crônica em tratamento dialítico

Abstract Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) negatively affects the physical and biopsychosocial aspects of the lives of individuals with the disease, thereby affecting the quality of life (QOL) of patients and their families. Objectives: This study aimed to measure the QOL of individuals with CKD and compare the QOL scores of patients with CKD to the scores of disease-free individuals to find factors associated with better QOL. Method: The local Ethics Committee approved this cross-sectional study. The study was carried out at a public clinic and a private hemodialysis clinic. Participants were asked to answer the WHOQOL-BREF and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Statistical tests were used according to the variables of interest and significance was attributed to differences with p-values < 0.05. Results: Nearly two thirds (59%) of the case group members were males and 55% did not have a spouse; 53% were seen at a private clinic and 57% had complications. The variables that more significantly affected QOL were smoking (perception of QOL) (Bi = - 0.4061; p = 0.032), undergoing hemodialysis (general health status) (Bi = - 0.3029; p = 0.034), and duration of sessions (Bi = 0.117; p = 0.039) (environmental domain). Conclusion: The QOL of patients with CKD was significantly lower when compared to controls in the physical and psychological domains. Several variables affected the perception of QOL and should be considered in clinical assessment.

Resumo Introdução: A Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) gera inúmeras repercussões negativas nos aspectos físico e biopsicossocial do indivíduo e por isso afeta a qualidade de vida (QV) tanto de pacientes como dos familiares. Objetivos: Mensurar a QV de indivíduos com DRC; comparar escores de QV entre pacientes com DRC em relação ao grupo normativo e identificar os determinantes associados à melhor QV. Método: Estudo transversal, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética local, realizado em instituição pública e clínica privada de hemodiálise. Foi aplicado um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e o WHOQOL-Bref. Foram utilizados os testes estatísticos conforme as variáveis de interesse e adotado o índice de significância de 0,05. Resultados: No grupo de estudo, 59% eram do sexo masculino e 55% desses referiram não ter companheiro conjugal. 53% eram de instituição privada e 57% referiram alguma complicação. As variáveis que mais interferiram na QV foram: fumar (percepção de qualidade de vida) (Bi = - 0,4061; p = 0,032), fazer hemodiálise (satisfação com a saúde) (Bi = - 0,3029; p = 0,034) e tempo das sessões (Bi = 0,117; p = 0,039) (meio ambiente). Conclusão: A QV dos pacientes com DRC foi significativamente menor comparada à do grupo normativo, nos domínios físico e psicológico. Várias variáveis influenciaram a percepção da QV e devem ser consideradas na avaliação clínica.

Quality of life of individuals with chronic kidney disease on dialysis.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) negatively affects the physical and biopsychosocial aspects of the lives of individuals with the disease, thereby affecting the quality of life (QOL) of patients and their families. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to measure the QOL of individuals with CKD and compare the QOL scores of patients with CKD to the scores of disease-free individuals to find factors associated with better QOL. METHOD: The local Ethics Committee approved this cross-sectional study. The study was carried out at a public clinic and a private hemodialysis clinic. Participants were asked to answer the WHOQOL-BREF and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Statistical tests were used according to the variables of interest and significance was attributed to differences with p-values < 0.05. RESULTS: Nearly two thirds (59%) of the case group members were males and 55% did not have a spouse; 53% were seen at a private clinic and 57% had complications. The variables that more significantly affected QOL were smoking (perception of QOL) (Bi = - 0.4061; p = 0.032), undergoing hemodialysis (general health status) (Bi = - 0.3029; p = 0.034), and duration of sessions (Bi = 0.117; p = 0.039) (environmental domain). CONCLUSION: The QOL of patients with CKD was significantly lower when compared to controls in the physical and psychological domains. Several variables affected the perception of QOL and should be considered in clinical assessment.

Avaliação da capacidade para o trabalho da equipe de enfermagem que atua em um hospital de grande porte na região do Triângulo Mineiro ­ MG / Work ability assessment for nursing team working at a large hospital in the region of Triângulo Mineiro ­ MG / Evaluación de capacidad del trabajo del personal de enfermería de un gran hospital del Triángulo Mineiro ­ MG

OBJETIVO: este estudo objetivou obter e analisar o índice de capacidade para o trabalho (ICT) e a relação com os aspectos individuais e contextuais ao trabalho. MÉTODO: estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa e caráter descritivo, com 164 profissionais da equipe de Enfermagem de um hospital de grande porte do Triângulo Mineiro, MG, no ano de 2018. Aplicou-se o questionário do ICT acrescido de variáveis sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas. E no tratamento estatístico adotou-se o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Para a análise do escore do ICT utilizou-se a análise de variância de medidas repetitivas (ANOVA), e no pós-teste aplicou-se de Tukey e teste de regressão linear. RESULTADOS: houve prevalência do sexo feminino (135, 81%), faixa etária entre 31 e 40 anos (46%) e função atual como técnicos de Enfermagem (74, 45%). No escore geral do ICT, 89 (54%) apresentaram-se com boa capacidade para o trabalho (CT), obtendo entre 37 e 43 pontos. Houve significância entre 41 e 60 anos (p=0,002) e na variável "capacidade de apreciar a vida em relação aos recursos mentais" (p=0,0045). CONCLUSÃO: a idade e os recursos mentais apresentaram-se como as principais variáveis que incidiram diretamente sobre a CT dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem. Assim, as conclusões apresentadas por meio do escore do ICT indicam que quantificar a CT permite a construção de medidas que contribuam para manter e restaurar a saúde do trabalhador, frente ao seu âmbito de trabalho.(AU)

Objective: this study aimed to obtain and analyze the work ability index (WAI) and the relationship with the individual and contextual aspects to work. Method: cross-sectional study with quantitative approach and descriptive character, with 164 nursing staff professionals of a large hospital in Triângulo Mineiro, MG, in the year 2018. The WAI questionnaire plus sociodemographic and epidemiological variables was applied. The statistical treatment adopted the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. For the analysis of the WAI score, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repetitive measures was used, followed by the Tukey test and linear regression were applied. Results: there was a prevalence of females (135.81%), age between 31 and 40 years (46%) and current role as nursing technicians (74.45%). In the overall WAI score, 89 (54%) presented good work ability (WA), obtaining between 37 and 43 points. There was significance between 41 and 60 years (p = 0.002) and in the variable "ability to enjoy life in relation to mental resources" (p = 0.0045). Conclusion: age and mental resources were the main variables that directly affected the WC of nursing personnel. Thus, the conclusions presented through the WAI score indicate that quantifying the WA allows the elaboration of measures that contribute to maintain and restore personnel's' health, in front of their work scope.(AU)

Objetivo: obtener y analizar el índice de capacidad de trabajo (ICT) y la relación con los aspectos individuales y contextuales para trabajar. Método: estudio transversal de enfoque cuantitativo y carácter descriptivo, con 164 profesionales del personal de enfermería de un gran hospital del Triângulo Mineiro, MG, en 2018. Se aplicó el cuestionario del ICT con variables sociodemográficas y epidemiológicas. Para el tratamiento estadístico se adoptó el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Para el análisis de la puntuación del ICT utilizamos el análisis de varianza de medidas repetitivas (ANOVA), en la prueba posterior y en la prueba de Tukey y en la prueba de regresión lineal. Resultados: prevalencia de mujeres (135, 81%), edad entre 31 y 40 años (46%) y función actual como técnicos de enfermería (74, 45%). En el puntaje general del ICT, 89 (54%) presentaron buena capacidad de trabajo (CT), con entre 37 y 43 puntos. Hubo significación entre 41 y 60 años (p = 0,002) y en la variable "capacidad de disfrutar la vida en relación con los recursos mentales" (p = 0,0045). Conclusión: la edad y los recursos mentales fueron las principales variables que afectaron directamente la CT del personal de enfermería. Por lo tanto, las conclusiones presentadas a través del puntaje del ICT indican que la cuantificación de la CT permite la construcción de medidas que contribuyen a mantener y restaurar la salud de los trabajadores ante el ambiente laboral.(AU)

Índice de capacidade para o trabalho e a equipe de enfermagem / Capacity index for work and the nursing team

Objetivo: analisar os artigos que utilizaram o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT) a fim de se identificarem os principais fatores que se relacionam com a capacidade para o trabalho dos profissionais de Enfermagem. Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, do tipo revisão integrativa. Realizou-se a busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE via PUBMED, LILACS, na Biblioteca Virtual SciELO e no portal de Periódicos Capes. Incluíram-se os trabalhos originais na íntegra, produzidos nos últimos cinco anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, disponíveis de forma gratuita e on-line. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas. Resultados: aponta-se que a amostra final resultou em 12 artigos, dos quais emergiram três categorias: Relação da carga horária de trabalho; Sobrecarga mental e Associação das doenças crônicas. Conclusão: evidencia-se que a carga horária de trabalho, a sobrecarga mental e as doenças osteomusculares são os principais fatores que interferem na capacidade para o trabalho e sua perda, além de serem determinantes fundamentais para a gênese de doenças ergonômicas. Fazem-se necessárias ações em saúde que auxiliem no desenvolvimento de estratégias a fim de se prevenir a perda da capacidade para o trabalho frente aos diversos contextos em que a Enfermagem está inserida.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the articles that used the Work Ability Index (WAI) in order to identify the main factors that relate to the work capacity of Nursing professionals. Method: this is a descriptive bibliographical study, of the integrative review type. The MEDLINE databases were searched through PUBMED, LILACS, the SciELO Virtual Library and the Capes Periodicals portal. The original works produced in the last five years in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages, available free of charge and online, have been included. Results were presented in the form of tables. Results: it is pointed out that the final sample resulted in 12 articles, of which three categories emerged: Workload ratio; Mental Overload and Association of Chronic Diseases. Conclusion: it is evident that workload, mental overload and musculoskeletal diseases are the main factors that interfere in the ability to work and its loss, besides being fundamental determinants for the genesis of ergonomic diseases. Health actions are necessary that help in the development of strategies in order to prevent the loss of the capacity to work in the different contexts in which Nursing is inserted.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar los artículos que utilizaron el Índice de Capacidad para el Trabajo (ICT) a fin de identificar los principales factores que se relacionan con la capacidad para el trabajo de los profesionales de Enfermería. Método: se trata de un estudio bibliográfico, descriptivo, del tipo revisión integrativa. Se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE vía PUBMED, LILACS, en la Biblioteca Virtual SciELO y en el portal de Periódicos Capes. Se incluyó obras originales en su totalidad, producidos en los últimos cinco años, en inglés, portugués y español, disponibles de forma gratuita y en línea. Se presentaron los resultados en forma de tablas. Resultados: se señala que la muestra final resultó en 12 artículos, de los cuales surgieron tres categorías: Relación de la carga horaria de trabajo; Sobrecarga mental y Asociación de las enfermedades crónicas. Conclusión: se evidencia que la carga horaria de trabajo, la sobrecarga mental y las enfermedades osteomusculares son los principales factores que interfieren en la capacidad para el trabajo y su pérdida, además de ser determinantes fundamentales para la génesis de enfermedades ergonómicas. Se hacen necesarias acciones en salud que ayuden en el desarrollo de estrategias a fin de prevenir la pérdida de la capacidad para el trabajo frente a los diversos contextos en que la Enfermería está inserta.(AU)