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Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 48(6): 254-258, nov.-dic. 2013.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-116820

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos. La insuficiencia cardíaca es muy prevalente y con elevada mortalidad, sobre todo en ancianos. Predecir su curso e identificar pacientes en fase avanzada es difícil. El presente trabajo pretende identificar variables incluidas en la valoración geriátrica integral y otras variables clínicas que se asocien a un incremento de riesgo de muerte al año en ancianos ingresados por insuficiencia cardíaca. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo de 101 pacientes (edad media, 85,9 ± 6,3 años, 81% mujeres) que ingresaron durante el año 2006 en una unidad de geriatría de agudos con diagnóstico principal de insuficiencia cardíaca. Se registraron: datos demográficos, cardiopatía predisponente, factor precipitante de la descompensación, comorbilidad, número de fármacos al alta y tratamiento específico de la insuficiencia cardíaca, estancia media, reingresos, mortalidad al año del alta. La valoración geriátrica evaluaba: discapacidad en actividades básicas diarias (índice de Barthel) e instrumentales (índice de Lawton), función cognitiva (test de Pfeiffer), comorbilidad (índice de Charlson) y síndromes geriátricos. Resultados. En un modelo multivariante de regresión logística, los factores relacionados con la mortalidad fueron: mayor discapacidad previa (menor índice de Barthel previo) (OR [IC 95% =1,03 [1,01-1,06]; p = 0,040) y mayor número de reingresos (OR [IC 95%] = 3,53 [1,19-10,44]; p = 0,023). El sexo femenino resultó protector (OR [IC 95%] = 0,15 [0,04-0,59]; p = 0,007). Conclusiones. La discapacidad en actividades diarias y los reingresos se asociaban con mayor riesgo de muerte al año, y el sexo femenino resultó protector. Si fueran confirmados en otros estudios, estos datos podrían reforzar la necesidad de realizar una valoración geriátrica integral sistemática en ancianos con esta patología (AU)


Introduction and objectives. Heart failure (HF) is very prevalent in older adults, and is associated with a high mortality. The prediction of the outcome of HF and the identification of patients in advanced stages is difficult. The present work aims at identifying variables of the geriatric assessment and other clinical variables associated with an increased risk of death at one year in older adults with HF. Material and methods. Prospective study of 101 patients (mean age, 85.9 ± 6.3 years, 81% women) admitted during 2006 to an Acute Geriatric Unit, with principal diagnosis of HF. We recorded: demographic data, predisposing heart disease, main trigger of exacerbation, comorbidity, number of prescriptions at discharge and specific treatment of HF, average length-of-stay, readmissions, and mortality at one year after discharge. Geriatric assessment included: disability in basic (Barthel index) and instrumental (Lawton index) activities of daily living, cognitive function (Pfeiffer test), comorbidity (Charlson index), and geriatric syndromes. Results. In a multivariable logistic regression model, previous disability (lower Barthel index) (OR [95%CI] = 1.03 [1.01-1.06]; P = .040) and higher number of re-admissions (OR [95%CI] = 3.53 [1.19-10.44]; P = .023) were associated with 1-year mortality. Female sex had a protective effect (OR [95%CI] = 0.15 [0.04-0.59]; P = .007). Conclusions. Disability in the basic activities of daily living and re-admissions were associated with increased 1-year mortality in older adults, whereas female sex was protective. If confirmed in further studies, these data could reinforce the need for a systematic comprehensive geriatric assessment in older adults with HF (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Old Age Assistance/organization & administration , Old Age Assistance/standards , Old Age Assistance , Aged/physiology , Health Services for the Aged/organization & administration , Health Services for the Aged/trends , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Heart Failure/prevention & control , Disability Evaluation , Health Services for the Aged/standards , Health Services for the Aged , Cohort Studies , Longitudinal Studies/methods , Longitudinal Studies
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