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1.
Can J Anaesth ; 69(12): 1493-1506, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36123418

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) is a major complication following cardiac surgery. We conducted a secondary analysis of the Transfusion Requirements in Cardiac Surgery (TRICTS) III trial to describe MV duration, identify factors associated with prolonged MV, and examine associations of prolonged MV with mortality and complications. METHODS: Four thousand, eight hundred and nine participants undergoing cardiac surgery at 71 hospitals worldwide were included. Prolonged MV was defined based on the Society of Thoracic Surgeons definition as MV lasting 24 hr or longer. Adjusted associations of patient and surgical factors with prolonged MV were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Associations of prolonged MV with complications were assessed using odds ratios, and adjusted associations between prolonged MV and mortality were evaluated using multinomial regression. Associations of shorter durations of MV with survival and complications were explored. RESULTS: Prolonged MV occurred in 15% (725/4,809) of participants. Prolonged MV was associated with surgical factors indicative of complexity, such as previous cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, and separation attempts; and patient factors such as critical preoperative state, left ventricular impairment, renal failure, and pulmonary hypertension. Prolonged MV was associated with perioperative but not long-term complications. After risk adjustment, prolonged MV was associated with perioperative mortality; its association with long-term mortality among survivors was weaker. Shorter durations of MV were not associated with increased risk of mortality or complications. CONCLUSION: In this substudy of the TRICS III trial, prolonged MV was common after cardiac surgery and was associated with patient and surgical risk factors. Although prolonged MV showed strong associations with perioperative complications and mortality, it was not associated with long-term complications and had weaker association with long-term mortality among survivors. STUDY REGISTRATION: www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov (NCT02042898); registered 23 January 2014. This is a substudy of the Transfusion Requirements in Cardiac Surgery (TRICS) III trial.


RéSUMé: OBJET: La ventilation mécanique (VM) prolongée est une complication majeure après chirurgie cardiaque. Nous avons effectué une analyze secondaire de l'étude TRICS III sur les besoins de transfusion au cours de la chirurgie cardiaque pour décrire la durée de la VM, identifier les facteurs associés à une VM prolongée et examiner les associations de la VM prolongée avec la mortalité et les complications. MéTHODES: Quatre mille huit cent neuf participants subissant une chirurgie cardiaque dans 71 hôpitaux à travers le monde ont été inclus. La VM prolongée a été définie à partir de la définition de la Society of Thoracic Surgeons comme un événement durant 24 heures ou plus. Des associations ajustées de facteurs liés aux patients et à la chirurgie avec la VM prolongée ont été examinées en utilisant une régression logistique multifactorielle. Des associations de la VM prolongée avec des complications ont été évaluées en utilisant des rapports de cotes; les associations ajustées entre VM prolongée et mortalité ont été évaluées au moyen d'une régression multinominale. Les associations d'une VM de plus courte durée avec la survie et des complications ont été explorées. RéSULTATS: La VM prolongée est survenue chez 15 % (725/4 809) des participants. Une VM prolongée a été associée à des facteurs chirurgicaux indicateurs de complexité (comme une chirurgie cardiaque antérieure, la durée de la circulation extracorporelle et les tentatives de débranchement) et à des facteurs liés au patient (comme un état préopératoire critique, une défaillance ventriculaire gauche, une insuffisance rénale et une hypertension pulmonaire). La VM prolongée a été associée à des complications périopératoires, mais pas à des complications à long terme. Après ajustement pour le risque, la VM prolongée a été associée à la mortalité périopératoire; son association avec la mortalité à long terme des survivants a été plus faible. Les durées plus courtes de VM n'ont pas été associées à une augmentation du risque de mortalité ou à des complications. CONCLUSION: Dans cette étude auxiliaire de l'essai TRICS III, la VM prolongée a été fréquente après chirurgie cardiaque et a été associée à des facteurs de risque liés au patient et à la chirurgie. Bien que la VM prolongée ait présenté de fortes associations avec les complications périopératoires et la mortalité, elle n'a pas été associée avec des complications à long terme et était plus faiblement associée à la mortalité à long terme parmi les survivants. ENREGISTREMENT DE L'éTUDE: www.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02042898); enregistrée le 23 janvier 2014. Il s'agit d'une étude auxiliaire de l'étude TRICS III sur les besoins de transfusion en chirurgie cardiaque.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Respiration, Artificial , Humans , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Blood Transfusion , Risk Factors , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Postoperative Complications/etiology
2.
Anesth Analg ; 129(1): 294-300, 2019 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30855341

ABSTRACT

Inadequate access to anesthesia and surgical services is often considered to be a problem of low- and middle-income countries. However, affluent nations, including Canada, Australia, and the United States, also face shortages of anesthesia and surgical care in rural and remote communities. Inadequate services often disproportionately affect indigenous populations. A lack of anesthesia care providers has been identified as a major contributing factor to the shortfall of surgical and obstetrical care in rural and remote areas of these countries. This report summarizes the challenges facing the provision of anesthesia services in rural and remote regions. The current landscape of anesthesia providers and their training is described. We also explore innovative strategies and emerging technologies that could better support physician-led anesthesia care teams working in rural and remote areas. Ultimately, we believe that it is the responsibility of specialist anesthesiologists and academic health sciences centers to facilitate access to high-quality care through partnership with other stakeholders. Professional medical organizations also play an important role in ensuring the quality of care and continuing professional development. Enhanced collaboration between academic anesthesiologists and other stakeholders is required to meet the challenge issued by the World Health Organization to ensure access to essential anesthesia and surgical services for all.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/organization & administration , Developed Countries , Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration , Healthcare Disparities/organization & administration , Patient Safety , Rural Health Services/organization & administration , Anesthesia/adverse effects , Anesthesia/economics , Anesthesiologists/organization & administration , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/economics , Developed Countries/economics , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Humans , Leadership , Patient Care Team/organization & administration , Patient Safety/economics , Physician's Role , Risk Factors , Rural Health Services/economics
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