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1.
PeerJ ; 6: e4695, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29736336

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The most traditional scheme for migration among baleen whales comprises yearly migrations between productive waters at high latitude summer feeding grounds and warmer waters at lower latitudes where whales calve and mate, but rarely feed. Evidence indicates, however, that large departures from this scheme exist among populations and individuals. Furthermore, for some populations there is virtually no information on migratory pathways and destinations. Such is the case of Chilean blue whales throughout the Eastern South Pacific; hence, the goal of this study was to assess its migratory behavior. METHODS: Dedicated marine surveys and satellite tagging efforts were undertaken during the austral summer and early autumn on blue whale feeding grounds off Chilean Northern Patagonia (CNP) during 2013, 2015 and 2016. Positional data derived from satellite tags regarding movement patterns and behavior were analyzed using Bayesian switching first-difference correlated random walk models. RESULTS: We instrumented 10 CNP blue whales with satellite transmitters and documented individual variation in departure time, northbound migratory routes and potential wintering grounds. The onset of migration occurred from mid/late austral autumn to well into the austral winter. Blue whales moved in various directions, but ultimately converged toward a general NW movement direction along a wide corridor exceeding 2,000 km. Area-Restricted Search behavior was exhibited within fjords and channels of CNP and also South of Galapagos Archipelago (GA) and northern Peru, but never during migration. Interestingly, dive profiles for one whale that reached GA showed a sharp and consistent increase in depth north of 5°S and extreme deep dives of up to 330 m. DISCUSSION: Information derived from satellite tagged blue whales in this study is the first of its kind off the Eastern Southern Pacific. Our results provide valuable information on their migratory timing, routes and behavior on their northbound migration, particularly regarding the varied migratory plasticity for this particular population. Our results also highlight the first record of two complete migratory paths between CNP and GA and strengthen the hypothesis that GA waters correspond to a potential wintering destination for CNP blue whales. We further hypothesize that this area might be selected because of its biological productivity, which could provide feeding opportunities during the breeding season. Our results suggest that special efforts should be put forward to identify blue whale critical areas and understand key behavioral aspects in order to provide the basis for their conservation on a regional context (i.e., reducing potential ship strike and promote Marine Protected Area (MPA) implementation in Chile, Ecuador and Peru). Indeed, we suggest joint blue whale conservation efforts at the regional level in order to identify and determine potential threats and impacts and, most importantly, implement prospective management actions.

2.
Rev. medica electron ; 33(5)sep.-oct. 2011.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-49601

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La arteritis de Takayasu es una enfermedad vascular inflamatoria crónica e inespecífica, de etiología desconocida, que usualmente afecta las ramas del arco aórtico y se presenta con una alta incidencia en la mujer durante la edad reproductiva. De la vigilancia multidisciplinaria dependerán en gran medida los resultados materno-fetales favorables. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de una gestante de 19 años con diagnóstico de arteritis de Takayasu realizado a las 19 semanas de embarazo. Esta paciente cursó la gestación y el parto (cesárea) sin otra complicación que una HTA que apareció a las 27 semanas, con tratamiento y evolución estable en el servicio de obstetricia del Hospital Provincial Docente Ginecobstétrico Julio R Alfonso Medina. Métodos: Se revisó la literatura sobre el tema y su relación con el embarazo, realizando una breve exposición de las características clínicas, diagnóstico, manejo y pronóstico de la enfermedad(AU)


Introduction: The Takayasus's arteritis is a nonspecific, chronic, vascular, inflammatory disease, of unknown etiology, usually occluding one or more of the large branches of the aortic arch, with a high incidence in women during the childbearing age. The favorable maternal-fetal results will depend in a large extend on the multidisciplinary surveillance. Objective: Presenting the case of a pregnant woman aged 19 diagnosed with Takayasus's arteritis when she was 19 weeks pregnant. This patient went through the pregnancy and labor with no more complication than arterial hypertension at the 27 weeks of pregnancy. Being treated in the obstetric service of the Teaching Gynecoobstetric Hospital Dr. Julio R. Alfonso Medina, she showed a favorable evolution. Methodos: We reviewed the literature on the theme and its relation with pregnancy making a brief exposition of the clinical features, diagnosis, handling and prognosis of the disease(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Takayasu Arteritis , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular
3.
Rev. medica electron ; 33(5): 614-619, sep.-oct. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615869

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La arteritis de Takayasu es una enfermedad vascular inflamatoria crónica e inespecífica, de etiología desconocida, que usualmente afecta las ramas del arco aórtico y se presenta con una alta incidencia en la mujer durante la edad reproductiva. De la vigilancia multidisciplinaria dependerán en gran medida los resultados materno-fetales favorables. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de una gestante de 19 años con diagnóstico de arteritis de Takayasu realizado a las 19 semanas de embarazo. Esta paciente cursó la gestación y el parto (cesárea) sin otra complicación que una HTA que apareció a las 27 semanas, con tratamiento y evolución estable en el servicio de obstetricia del Hospital Provincial Docente Ginecobstétrico Julio R Alfonso Medina. Métodos: Se revisó la literatura sobre el tema y su relación con el embarazo, realizando una breve exposición de las características clínicas, diagnóstico, manejo y pronóstico de la enfermedad.


Introduction: The Takayasus's arteritis is a nonspecific, chronic, vascular, inflammatory disease, of unknown etiology, usually occluding one or more of the large branches of the aortic arch, with a high incidence in women during the childbearing age. The favorable maternal-fetal results will depend in a large extend on the multidisciplinary surveillance. Objective: Presenting the case of a pregnant woman aged 19 diagnosed with Takayasus's arteritis when she was 19 weeks pregnant. This patient went through the pregnancy and labor with no more complication than arterial hypertension at the 27 weeks of pregnancy. Being treated in the obstetric service of the Teaching Gynecoobstetric Hospital Dr. Julio R. Alfonso Medina, she showed a favorable evolution. Methodos: We reviewed the literature on the theme and its relation with pregnancy making a brief exposition of the clinical features, diagnosis, handling and prognosis of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Pregnancy , Takayasu Arteritis , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular
4.
Rev. medica electron ; 33(4)jul.-ago. 2011.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-49478

ABSTRACT

La miastenia grave es una enfermedad autoinmune de la placa motora del músculo estriado, caracterizada por fatiga y debilidad muscular fluctuante. Su prevalencia mundial ha aumentado desde 1950. En Cuba ha sido reportada una tasa de prevalencia e incidencia de 29,2 y 4,5, respectivamente. Su evolución durante el embarazo es totalmente impredecible. Del 10 al 20 por ciento de los recién nacidos de madres miasténicas pueden padecerla. Se reportó el caso de una embarazada de 32 años de edad asistida en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Docente Julio R. Alfonso Medina, de Matanzas, en 2010, a la cual se le diagnosticó en el primer trimestre de gestación miastenia grave estadio IIb; iniciándose tratamiento con prednisona y piridostigmina. No hubo morbilidad perinatal, ni complicaciones maternas al recibir atención por un equipo multidisciplinario(AU)


The myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the striated muscle motor plate, characterized by tiredness and weakness of the fluctuant muscle. Its prevalence around the world has increased since 1950. The prevalence and incidence rates reported in Cuba are 29,2 and 4,5 respectively. Its evolution during pregnancy is totally unpredictable. From 10 to 20 per cent of the newborns from myastenic mothers may suffer it. We reported the case of a pregnant woman aged 32 years old, assisted at the Teaching Gynecoobstetric Hospital Julio R. Alfonso Medina of Matanzas, in 2010. She was diagnosed in the first gestational trimester with myasthenia gravis stage IIb, beginning the treatment with prednisone and pyridostigmine. There was not perinatal morbidity or maternal complications when receiving care from a multidisciplinary team(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Myasthenia Gravis , Myasthenia Gravis/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications , Pyridostigmine Bromide/therapeutic use , Prednisone/therapeutic use
5.
Rev. medica electron ; 33(4): 528-533, jul.-ago. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-615857

ABSTRACT

La miastenia grave (MG) es una enfermedad autoinmune de la placa motora del músculo estriado, caracterizada por fatiga y debilidad muscular fluctuante. Su prevalencia mundial ha aumentado desde 1950. En Cuba ha sido reportada una tasa de prevalencia e incidencia de 29,2 y 4,5, respectivamente. Su evolución durante el embarazo es totalmente impredecible. Del 10 al 20 por ciento de los recién nacidos de madres miasténicas pueden padecerla. Se reportó el caso de una embarazada de 32 años de edad asistida en el Hospital Ginecobstétrico Docente Julio R. Alfonso Medina, de Matanzas, en 2010, a la cual se le diagnosticó en el primer trimestre de gestación miastenia grave estadio IIb; iniciándose tratamiento con prednisona y piridostigmina. No hubo morbilidad perinatal, ni complicaciones maternas al recibir atención por un equipo multidisciplinario.


The myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the striated muscle motor plate, characterized by tiredness and weakness of the fluctuant muscle. Its prevalence around the world has increased since 1950. The prevalence and incidence rates reported in Cuba are 29,2 and 4,5 respectively. Its evolution during pregnancy is totally unpredictable. From 10 to 20 percent of the newborns from myastenic mothers may suffer it. We reported the case of a pregnant woman aged 32 years old, assisted at the Teaching Gynecoobstetric Hospital Julio R. Alfonso Medina of Matanzas, in 2010. She was diagnosed in the first gestational trimester with myasthenia gravis stage IIb, beginning the treatment with prednisone and pyridostigmine. There was not perinatal morbidity or maternal complications when receiving care from a multidisciplinary team.

6.
Rev cienc méd pinar río ; 9(1)jul. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-33037

ABSTRACT

Los efectos de la estimulación adrenérgica alfa y beta, pueden ser logrados por agentes agonistas y antagonistas, como la epinefrina y el propranolol respectivamente. Con el objetivo de precisar aspectos relacionados con la contractilidad del músculo ventricular, se realizaron un total de trece experimentos utilizando combinaciones de prajmalina-epinefrina y prajmalina-propanolol, perfundiendo preparaciones de tiras de músculo ventricular de trece ejemplares adultos de ranas catesbeiana. La prajmalina, antiarrítmico del grupo I, se obtuvo a partir de la Rauvvolfia viridis, planta endémica de Cuba. Las preparaciones fueron estimuladas con pulsos de corriente, y la tensión desarrollada por el músculo fue registrada por un transductor fuerza-desplazamiento. Las señales eléctricas fueron convertidas en trazos por un equipo registrador. Los resultados indican que las combinaciones de prajmalina-epinefrina y prajmanina-propanolol afectan de forma diametralmente opuesta la contractilidad del músculo cardíaco, aumentando en un 40 por ciento y disminuyendo en un 15 por ciento respectivamente la fuerza de la contracción del músculo ventricular. Por otra parte se sugiere un posible mecanismo de acción de la prajmalina sobre los receptores alfa presentes en las membranas de las células ventriculares...(AU)


Subject(s)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents , Prajmaline
7.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 9(1): 31-40, ene.-mar. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-739582

ABSTRACT

Los efectos de la estimulación adrenérgica alfa y beta, pueden ser logrados por agentes agonistas y antagonistas, como la epinefrina y el propranolol respectivamente. Con el objetivo de precisar aspectos relacionados con la contractilidad del músculo ventricular, se realizaron un total de trece experimentos utilizando combinaciones de prajmalina-epinefrina y prajmalina-propanolol, prefundiendo preparaciones de tiras de músculo ventricular de trece ejemplares adultos de ranas catesbeiana. La prajmalina, antiarrítmico del grupo I, se obtuvo a partir de la Rauvvolfia viridis, planta endémica de Cuba. Las preparaciones fueron estimuladas con pulsos de corriente, y la tensión desarrollada por el músculo fue registrada por un transductor fuerza-desplazamiento. Las señales eléctricas fueron convertidas en trazos por un equipo registrador. Los resultados indican que las combinaciones de prajmalina-epinefrina y prajmanina-propanolol afectan de forma diametralmente opuesta la contractilidad del músculo cardíaco, aumentando en un 40% y disminuyendo en un 15% respectivamente la fuerza de la contracción del músculo ventricular. Por otra parte se sugiere un posible mecanismo de acción de la prajmalina sobre los receptores alfa presentes en las membranas de las células ventriculares.


The effects of alfa and beta adrenergic stimulation can be accomplished by agonist and antagonist agents such as epinephrine and propanolol respectively. Aimed at determining the aspects related to contractibility of ventricular muscle, thirteen experiments were performed using combinations of prajmaline "epinephrine and prajmaline" propanolol, being perfused preparations of ventricular muscle strips of thirteen samples of adult Catesblian frogs. Prajmaline, a group I antiarrhythmic, was obtained from Rauvvolfia viridis, an endemic plant in Cuba. The preparations were stimulated with electric current pulses and the tension performed by the muscle was registered by a force "displacement transductor". The electric signals were transformed into lines by a registering equipment. The results suggest that prajmaline "epinephrine and prajmaline" propanolol combinations affect diametrically opposed to contractibility of cardiac muscle, increasing by 40 % and decreasing by 15 %, respectively, the force of contraction of ventricular muscle. Alternatively, a potential mechanism of prajmaline action is suggested on alfa receptors present in the ventricular cell membranes.

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