Comparison of Modified Ultrafast Giemsa Stain with the Standard May Grunwald Giemsa Stain in FNAC of Various Organs.

Background: The May-Grünwald Giemsa Stain is one of the preferred Romanwsky stains in studying cell morphology of air-dried smears with respect to cellular and nuclear size details and metachromatic extracellular ground with an approximate staining time of 20-30 min. A reduction in staining time and possible application of an ultrafast stain for rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) of cytological material is the need of the hour. With the application of the new modified ultrafast Giemsa (MUFG) technique, rapid staining can be achieved, thereby helping in triaging of samples and, most importantly, providing an early preliminary diagnosis. Aims: The aim is to assess the quality index of the MUFG technique in FNAC of various organs in comparison with the standard MGG stain. Materials and Methods: A total of 61 FNAC cases were studied by random sampling. Two smears were prepared for each case and stained by both. Scores were given based on five parameters, and the quality index was calculated. Statistical Analysis: Results were analyzed using mean, median, standard deviation, "t" paired test, "P" value, and M-diff for statistical significance. Results: The quality index of MUFG smears was comparable to the standard MGG stain in salivary gland, breast, and thyroid aspirates and low in lymph node and soft tissue aspirates. MUFG is a rapid cost-effective stain which can be applied in the setting of ROSE for a preliminary diagnosis. Conclusion: MUFG is a reliable alternative and rapid technique for cytology diagnosis.

Hepatic metastasis arising from diverse primary pathologies diagnosed on 99mTc-Methylene diphosphonate bone scan.

We are presenting two cases that illustrate nonosseous localization of 99mTc-Methylene diphosphonate (MDP) in hepatic metastases arising from varied primary pathology and review of the literature. This series emphasizes the evidence of MDP localization in hepatic metastases arising from adenocarcinoma of rectum and infiltrating duct cell carcinoma of the breast.

Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung in an adult male: report of an unusual tumor with a brief review of literature.

We report a case of a well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA) of the lung in a 50-year-old male smoker. The literature regarding this uncommon tumor is limited. This rare variant of adenocarcinoma is more common in females, in the third and fourth decades. Microscopically it is composed of neoplastic glands and tubules that resemble the fetal lung. Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma is a low-grade malignancy and surgery is the preferred mode of therapy. This uncommon case of a well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma in an adult male patient is reported, with relevant immunohistochemical findings, along with a discussion of the current literature.

Metastasis in central nervous system: Clinicopathological study with review of literature in a tertiary care center in South India.

BACKGROUND: Secondary central nervous system (CNS) tumors are common in Western countries, but in Indian literature, scant data are available. With the advent of newer imaging techniques, the confirmatory histopathological diagnosis has become comparatively easier. Hereby, we have analyzed our data from a single tertiary care center in south India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study from January 2000 to December 2010, histopathologically diagnosed secondary CNS tumors were reviewed along with clinical, imaging, and relevant immunohistochemical findings. Meningeal, lymphoproliferative, and myeloproliferative tumors and autopsy data were not included in the study group. RESULTS: There were 40 secondary CNS tumors. Male to female ratio was 2.3:1. Age range was wide (28-75 years). Majority of cases were seen in the fourth and fifth decade. Imaging-wise, (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) majority were single lesions (n = 34, 85%). Most commonly, these single lesions were present in the cerebral hemisphere (n = 20, 50%) followed by cerebellum (n = 10, 25%). Adenocarcinoma accounted for maximum number of cases (n = 25, 62.5%) with lungs being the most common primary. CONCLUSION: We have noted 25% metastatic adenocarcinomas in cerebellar location, which is higher when compared with available world literature. However, we also encountered a good number of cases (30%) due to unknown primary. Though histopathological examination with use of immunohistochemical markers can reliably distinguish primary from secondary CNS tumors in addition to available clinical and imaging data, particularly in developing countries, still a better work-up with an array of immunohistochemical markers and newer imaging modalities is desirable.

Epitrochlear mass in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis--Kimura disease.

Kimura disease is a rare benign inflammatory disorder presenting as subcutaneous masses or lymphnodal mass in the cervical region. Kimura disease is reported sparsely in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. We report an unusual location of Kimura disease in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis, who had a prolonged, persistent asymptomatic eosinophilia.

Breast filariasis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology--a case report.

We report a case of female who presented with a lump in the right breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology of lump revealed numerous adult filarial worms. Common habitat of the adult filarial worms is the lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes of limbs and their occurrence in breast is uncommon.