ABSTRACT
Objectives: Asynchronous virtual learning communities provide learners with the ability to enhance their learning and contribute to their peers' learning in a safe environment. However, the tone and content of learner comments, the level of engagement among learners, and the role of moderators have not been well studied within non-course-related virtual learning communities. Therefore, we sought to explore these characteristics using the NEJM Knowledge+ Question of the Week (NEJM Knowledge+ QoW) forum, a web-based asynchronous virtual learning community. Methods: We reviewed 73 NEJM Knowledge+ questions posted on the QoW forum between 2015 and 2016. We then selected three QoWs to analyze through a multistep coding process based on three broad criteria that aligned with our study aims. Results: Learner comments reflected both positive and critical tones, with learners sharing their own clinical practice and local experiences to contextualize their perspectives and reactions to both the QoW answer and the responses of other learners. Learners also commonly requested moderators to act as expert referees. Conclusion: Asynchronous virtual learning communities can engage learners by providing the opportunity to enhance their knowledge through responding to proposed medical scenarios and sharing their experiences in a discussion forum. Future work should examine the impact that geographic region has on asynchronous virtual learning communities and the role of moderators in shaping the learning experience.
Subject(s)
Education, Distance/organization & administration , Education, Medical/organization & administration , Learning , Online Social Networking , Humans , KnowledgeABSTRACT
Preliminary results from the OCTANE trial suggest that lopinavir/r-based regimens are more effective than nevirapine-based ones, particularly when ART is initiated shortly after exposure to single-dose nevirapine.
Subject(s)
Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Nevirapine/administration & dosage , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy , Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Female , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/transmission , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
Giving ART while TB treatment was still ongoing dramatically improved survival among HIV/TB-coinfected patients in a large clinical trial in South Africa.
Subject(s)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , Humans , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Protease Inhibitors/adverse effects , Intracranial Hemorrhages/chemically induced , Pyridines/adverse effects , Pyrones/adverse effects , Ritonavir/adverse effects , HIV Protease Inhibitors/administration & dosage , HIV Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Humans , Pyridines/administration & dosage , Pyridines/therapeutic use , Pyrones/administration & dosage , Pyrones/therapeutic use , Ritonavir/administration & dosage , Ritonavir/therapeutic use , SulfonamidesSubject(s)
HIV Fusion Inhibitors/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Drug Industry , HIV Fusion Inhibitors/administration & dosage , HIV Fusion Inhibitors/adverse effects , Humans , Liver/drug effects , Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/therapeutic useABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Early life exposures, including diet, have been implicated in the etiology of breast cancer. METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted among participants in the Nurses' Health Study who completed a 24-item questionnaire about diet during high school. There were 843 eligible cases diagnosed between onset of study (1976) and before the return of the high school diet questionnaire (1986), who were matched 10:1 with controls on the basis of age. RESULTS: Women who had, during adolescence, a higher consumption of eggs, vegetable fat and fiber had a lower risk of breast cancer, whereas risk of breast cancer was increased among women who consumed more butter. CONCLUSIONS: A possible association of elements of adolescent diet with risk of breast cancer is reported, but the findings require confirmation in prospective study.
