Quality improvement and outcomes for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: obstetrics and neonatal perspectives.

Despite significant improvement in perinatal care and research, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a global healthcare challenge. From both published research and reports of QI initiatives, we have identified a number of distinct opportunities that can serve as targets of quality improvement (QI) initiatives focused on reducing HIE. Specifically, (i) implementation of perinatal interventions to anticipate and timely manage high-risk deliveries; (ii) enhancement of team training and communication; (iii) optimization of early HIE diagnosis and management in referring centers and during transport; (iv) standardization of the approach when managing neonates with HIE during therapeutic hypothermia; (v) and establishment of protocols for family integration and follow-up, have been identified as important in successful QI initiatives. We also provide a framework and examples of tools that can be used to support QI work and discuss some of the perceived challenges and future opportunities for QI targeting HIE.

Exploring the Changing Diagnostic Criteria of Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Case Report.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, also known as Gorlin syndrome, basal cell nevus syndrome, and nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. Its hallmark is an early onset of basal cell carcinoma. Additionally, the syndrome is characterized by a spectrum of distinct clinical attributes encompassing oral, skeletal, ophthalmic, neurological, and developmental aberrations. This condition arises due to anomalies in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, leading to constant pathway activity and uncontrolled growth of tumor cells. Early identification of the disorder through available diagnostic methods and clinical and radiological findings is crucial for accurate diagnosis, which subsequently leads to the formulation of an effective treatment regimen. The purpose of this case report is to discuss the role of a dentist in early detection based on various author-prescribed criteria and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients with this syndrome.

A new technique to resolve Nasal Rhinosporidiosis: A case report with review of literature.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic, localized granulomatous infectious disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi that predominantly affects the mucosal membranes of the nose and nasopharynx, conjunctiva, and urethra. Rhinosporidium seeberi is a eukaryotic pathogen that spreads in certain geographical areas, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas, through aquatic exposure. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a young man who had been suffering from a right nasal mass for four months, and whose diagnosis was confirmed after surgical excision and histopathological examination, which revealed distinct pathognomonic findings. Laser-assisted endoscopic excision, in combination with Dapsone, is recommended as a more effective treatment to prevent a recurrence. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: For clinicians, it has been advised to obtain a detailed case history of exposure in patients diagnosed with Rhinosporidiosis. Rhinosporidiosis can be diagnosed with a simple examination of H&E-stained histopathological sections. Because chemotherapy has not been proven to be effective, Laser-assisted endoscopic excision, in combination with Dapsone is the recommended treatment for Rhinosporidiosis. CONCLUSION: One of the differential diagnoses for Rhinosporidiosis in the nasal cavity is masses or abnormal growths without bleeding, which should be kept in mind by clinicians and pathologists.