Erratum to "the sources of information of the genealogical tourist: The influence of social networks and genealogical associations".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11551.].

Sociocultural differences in the development of obesity in adolescents in Murcia.

BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity presents alarming numbers in our country, being even higher in the population of immigrant origin. The main objective was to analyse the excess weight numbers both in native adolescents and in those children of immigrants and to determine the ethnic influence on lifestyle habits that could condition these differences in weight overload. METHODS: Adolescents from 1st year of Obligatory Secondary Education (E.S.O.) participated; somatometry was determined and classified according to BMI (with WHO references) and parental origin. Parents completed the survey on healthy habits (ENHASA). An analysis of variance was performed for each of the 4 dimensions of the questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 416 adolescents participated (12.8±0.62 years). Excess weight was detected in 41.2% of the participants, with significant differences between groups (p 0.018): 36.7% in Spanish, 42.9% in North Africa and 58.2% in South America. The ANOVA analysis showed differences in the section "physical activity" (p 0.003), highlighting the maximum disparity in the performance of extracurricular sports activities, with a lower score in both non-native groups. CONCLUSION: We found significant differences according to ethnic origin in the number of overweight children and the amount of physical activity they do; South American adolescents are the most sedentary. We must design interventions that guarantee the access of all adolescents to sports activities to prevent the development of obesity.

Importancia y rendimiento de los hábitos implicados en el desarrollo de exceso de peso según género / Importance and performance of habits involved in the development of excess weight according to gender

Introducción: la obesidad afecta cada vez más a los adolescentes. La clave de la prevención sigue siendo el control de los factores de riesgo modificables. El objetivo fue realizar un análisis mediante mapas de importancia-rendimiento de las principales conductas que condicionan la aparición de exceso de peso en adolescentes en función del género, una técnica estadística que representa gráficamente la importancia y el rendimiento de cada uno de los factores involucrados en el desarrollo del exceso de peso. Material y métodos: se administró un cuestionario sobre hábitos saludables (ENHASA) a padres de adolescentes de 12-14 años de Murcia (España). Posteriormente, fueron clasificados según estado ponderal siguiendo los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Se realizaron un análisis multivariante y mapas de importancia-rendimiento según género. Resultados: participaron 416 adolescentes, detectándose un 40,6% de exceso de peso, sin diferencias significativas por género. El análisis mostró un R2 de 0,123 en adolescentes hombres y de 0,156 en adolescentes mujeres. Se reveló la falta de actividad física como el factor más importante para el desarrollo de exceso de peso en los adolescentes hombres, aunque los hábitos con mayor capacidad de mejora en ellos fueron los relacionados con el uso de televisión y horas de pantalla. En las adolescentes mujeres, lo más condicionante fue el ambiente socioescolar, siendo también los hábitos con menor rendimiento los relacionados con el uso de pantallas. Conclusiones: existen diferencias de género en los hábitos que condicionan el exceso de peso. Se debería tener en cuenta una perspectiva de género a la hora de diseñar nuevas estrategias de prevención (AU)

Introduction: obesity affects more adolescents every day. The key to prevention remains the control of modifiable risk factors. The objective of the work was to carry out an analysis using importance-performance maps of the main behaviors that condition the appearance of excess weight in adolescents according to gender. An statistical technique that draws on a map the importance and performance of each of the risk factors involved in the development of excess weight.Material and methods: we collected information from 416 adolescents between 12 and 14 years of age in Murcia (Spain) using the ENHASA healthy habits questionnaire. Later, we determined their somatometry and they were classified following the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). A multivariate analysis and importance-performance maps according to gender were performed.Results: 416 adolescents participated. We obtained 40,6% excess weight without significant differences by sex. The analysis showed an R2 of 0,123 in boys and 0,156 in girls. Lack of physical activity revealed as the most important factor for the development of excess weight in boys, although the habits with the greatest capacity for improvement were those related to the use of television and screen time. In girls, the most determining dimension was the socio-school environment; and the habits with the lowest performance were also those related to the use of screens.Conclusions: there are gender differences in the habits that determine overweight and obesity. It is important to take gender perspective into account when designing new more efficient prevention. (AU)

The sources of information of the genealogical tourist: the influence of social networks and genealogical associations.

The increased demand for genealogical travel to places of family origin in recent years and its consequent economic and social repercussions have justified the aim of this research to obtain the sources of information used by genealogical tourists to prepare for their trip, and the influence that genealogical associations and groups operating on the Internet have on them. For this purpose, a survey was carried out among 223 genealogy enthusiasts who participate in or consult these groups and associations. Through a descriptive statistical analysis of the data obtained, using frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables and means with standard deviations for quantitative variables, this work confirms the outstanding influence that social networks and genealogical associations and groups have on general family history research information, and on specific questions of tourist interest that genealogists receive, and the lesser influence of travel agencies and traditional media. On the other hand, their results support the idea that the main reasons for these tourists to travel are to visit places where their ancestors lived and to research their family history in public archives. All these issues have implications for public cultural and tourism administrations and private sector companies in promoting the provision of historical documentary resources and materials on the internet, as well as the activity of genealogical associations and groups.

The Role of Physical Education in Preventing Unhealthy Lifestyles in Immigrant Adolescents.

In recent years, migratory phenomena have changed the composition of Spanish society. There are many studies that explore the healthy habits of young adolescents, but few focus on young immigrants. The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationships between certain factors that influence the health of immigrant youth and sports. The sample consisted of 173 students enrolled in secondary education in the city of Cuenca. The structural model confirms the relationship between the latent variables and sports. Specifically, we obtained a positive influence of an active lifestyle (regular physical activity and exercise) and a negative influence for the remaining variables (alcohol consumption, unhealthy foods, self-medication and tobacco consumption in the family). Physical education should promote healthy lifestyles; greater coordination between physical education and other subjects involved in education and the promotion of health are necessary because we consider that this task is not exclusive to physical education.

Influence of Lifestyle Habits in the Development of Obesity during Adolescence.

Background: The alarming increase in childhood obesity is a global public health problem since it has significant health consequences. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the potentially modifiable risk factors for developing excess weight and determine the importance of developing certain habits to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Methods: The sample included 416 students between the ages of 12 and 14 (12.8 ± 0.62) first-year high school students from Murcia in Spain. Data were collected on their lifestyle habits through the ENHASA questionnaire, and the somatometry of the participants was measured. Such data were studied through structural equation modeling and importance-performance map analyses. Results: The modifiable risk factors that presented the greatest potency directly regarding when developing excess weight in adolescents were 'use of electronic devices' and 'not performing physical activity' (p < 0.001). 'Social and school environment' and 'diet' showed relationships but no significant differences with overweight or obesity. Globally, the lifestyle habit of the greatest importance for not being overweight was 'engagement in extracurricular physical activities'. On the other hand, the habits related to using new technologies in a sedentary way showed the best capacity for improvement. Therefore, it would be very efficient to focus on them to control excess weight. Conclusion: Responsible and limited use of screens and engaging in extracurricular physical activities may be the most remarkable and cost-effective strategies for obesity prevention programs.

Consumer Behaviour towards Pork Meat Products: A Literature Review and Data Analysis.

Knowing the behaviour of consumers is essential for all types of companies, including meat companies. For this purpose, academia is an ally of industry, and analysing scientific production seems crucial for conducting future research. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out an exhaustive review of the literature, relying on both descriptive and bibliometric analyses, the latter being through the application of clustering techniques by simple centres. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) consumer perceptions, behaviours and attitudes towards food are the main focus of research in this area; (2) the ingredients and additives of meat products are the main concerns in the industry regarding such products; (3) sausages are the dominant meat product; (4) and pork, as well as other types of meat, fall under the generic umbrella term meat. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies considering age, sex and income cohorts. Such lack might have led to finding consumer behaviour and the welfare of animals not significant despite the presupposed positive correlation. The main limitations for researchers are around the availability of budgets and the existence of trade secrets.

Gender differences in the development of childhood obesity in young teenagers in Murcia, Spain.

BACKGROUND: The number of overweight children is increasing at an alarming rate. This issue requires effective action plans, as childhood obesity has become a problem in which addressing environmental factors is decisive. Significant differences have also been shown in lifestyle habits that determine overweight based on sex. This study therefore aimed to examine these risk factors according to sex. METHODS: The sample included first-year high school students from Murcia, Spain. Information was collected through the "Questionnaire on Healthy Habits in Adolescents," validated for this age range, and the weight, height, and waist circumference of the participants were obtained. Data were analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling to determine which modifiable risk factors promoted the appearance of excess weight and in what magnitude. RESULTS: A total of 421 students participated in the study, and 40.6% of overweight patients were detected according to their body mass index. No differences were found between the sexes and weights. The environment and the use of new technologies that do not involve sitting were significant only in girls (P < 0.05). Conversely, physical activity was significantly higher in boys (P < 0.05). Dietary factors and sedentary activities did not differ according to sex. CONCLUSIONS: The social and school environment, the use of new technologies (for girls), and physical activity (for boys) condition nutritional status. Identifying gender disparities in behaviors that involve health should be a priority for new prevention programs. Targeting young people's health from a gender perspective has considerable potential to reduce overweight problems in adulthood.