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1.
Hipertens. riesgo vasc ; 40(2): 65-74, abr.-jun. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-220588

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Students’ dietary habits are moving from Mediterranean diet guidelines towards unhealthy eating patterns. The aim of this study was to determine adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a sample of Spanish university students and its association with lifestyle factors. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 685 university students who completed a self-report questionnaire. The data collected included demographic characteristics, dietary habits, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed by measuring the consumption of the foods that compose this type of diet through a score (range 0–10). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was considered poor, average, or good. Results: The mean adherence score for the Mediterranean diet was 4.9 (1.2) points out of 10. A higher degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in physically active students (OR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.05–5.10; p=0.038). Students who performed ≥150min/week of physical activity (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.33–0.62; p<0.001) and those over 25 years old (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.26–0.73; p=0.002) were less prone to low adherence to the Mediterranean diet than sedentary and younger students. Conclusion: The university students have poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results of the current study indicate that age and physical activity are associated with Mediterranean diet adherence. It is urgent to raise awareness among university students and implement intervention programmes promoting a healthy lifestyle. (AU)


Introducción: Los hábitos alimentarios de los estudiantes universitarios se están alejando de las pautas de la dieta mediterránea hacia patrones de alimentación poco saludables. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios españoles y su asociación con factores del estilo de vida. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 685 universitarios que cumplimentaron un cuestionario autoinformado. Los datos recogidos incluyeron características demográficas, hábitos alimentarios, hábito tabáquico, consumo de alcohol y actividad física. La adherencia a la dieta mediterránea fue evaluada midiendo el consumo de alimentos que componen este tipo de dieta a través de una escala (rango 0-10). La adherencia a la dieta mediterránea se consideró pobre, media y buena. Resultados: La puntuación media de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea fue de 4,9 (1,2) puntos de 10. Se observó un mayor grado de adherencia a esta dieta en los estudiantes físicamente activos (OR=2,31; IC95%: 1,05-5,10; p=0,038). Los estudiantes que realizaban ≥150min/semana de actividad física (OR=0,45; IC95%: 0,33-0,62; p<0,001) y los mayores de 25 años (OR=0,44; IC95%: 0,26-0,73; p=0,002) fueron menos propensos a una baja adherencia a la dieta mediterránea que los estudiantes sedentarios y los más jóvenes. Conclusión: Los estudiantes universitarios tienen una pobre adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. Los resultados del presente estudio indican que la edad y la actividad física están asociadas con la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea. Es urgente concienciar a los universitarios e implementar programas de intervención que promuevan un estilo de vida saludable. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diet, Mediterranean , Life Style , Students , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Spain , Universities
2.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 40(2): 65-74, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36244967

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Students' dietary habits are moving from Mediterranean diet guidelines towards unhealthy eating patterns. The aim of this study was to determine adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a sample of Spanish university students and its association with lifestyle factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 685 university students who completed a self-report questionnaire. The data collected included demographic characteristics, dietary habits, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed by measuring the consumption of the foods that compose this type of diet through a score (range 0-10). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was considered poor, average, or good. RESULTS: The mean adherence score for the Mediterranean diet was 4.9 (1.2) points out of 10. A higher degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in physically active students (OR=2.31, 95% CI: 1.05-5.10; p=0.038). Students who performed ≥150min/week of physical activity (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.33-0.62; p<0.001) and those over 25 years old (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.26-0.73; p=0.002) were less prone to low adherence to the Mediterranean diet than sedentary and younger students. CONCLUSION: The university students have poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results of the current study indicate that age and physical activity are associated with Mediterranean diet adherence. It is urgent to raise awareness among university students and implement intervention programmes promoting a healthy lifestyle.


Subject(s)
Diet, Mediterranean , Humans , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Universities , Life Style , Students , Spain
3.
Pharm. care Esp ; 18(4): 168-180, 2016.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-155388

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) aterosclerótica es un trastorno crónico que constituye la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad en el mundo occidental. Contribuye significativamente al aumento del coste sanitario. Diferentes estudios y modelos epidemiológicos sugieren que cambios en estilo de vida o prevalencia de factores de riesgo puedan determinar la disminución del riesgo cardiovascular (RCV). Objetivo: Poner en valor el trabajo coordinado de la farmacia comunitaria con el centro de salud, en el marco de la atención farmacéutica, como herramienta para conseguir resultados que mejoren la calidad de vida del paciente, en el ámbito cardiovascular. Metodología: Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión de la literatura científica existente en las bases de datos biomédicas MEDLINE, COCHRANE y en revistas y webs especializadas en atención farmacéutica en todo el mundo. Se incluyeron sólo ensayos controlados y aleatorizados. Resultados: Como resultado de la búsqueda se obtuvieron, entre otros, 5 ensayos controlados y 2 metaanálisis. La descripción de cada estudio contiene tipo de estudio, el número y tipo de pacientes, tiempo de seguimiento, tipo de intervención farmacéutica y resultados. Las intervenciones conducidas por farmacéuticos estuvieron asociadas con un mejor control de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular tales como hipertensión arterial, dislipemia o diabetes. Conclusiones: Esta revisión subraya los beneficios significativos de la atención farmacéutica en el control de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes ambulatorios


Introduction: (CVD) Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease is a chronic disorder, which is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. It contributes significantly to the increase in health expenditure. Epidemiological studies and models suggest that changes in either lifestyle or prevalence of risk factors can Results: As search results, five controlled trials and two meta-analyses, among others, were obtained. The description of each study contains the kind of study, the number and type of patients, the follow-up time, the type of pharmaceutical intervention and the outcomes achieved. Pharmacist-led interventions were associated with a better control of some cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. Conclusions: This review stresses the significant benefits of pharmacists ́ interventions in the management of the main CVD risk factors in outpatients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hospital Care/organization & administration , Hospital Care/standards , Pharmaceutical Services/organization & administration , Pharmaceutical Services/standards , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Patient Care/methods , Patient Care/standards , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Quality of Life , Spain/epidemiology , Community Pharmacy Services/organization & administration , Community Pharmacy Services/standards
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