ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed with and without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) support has been widely discussed in the literature. However, little is known about the outcomes of those techniques in Brazil. This study aims at exploring 30-day mortality and morbidity outcomes of on- and off-pump isolated CABG in a large sample from Southern Brazil. Methods: A single-center cohort with 1,767 patients undergoing isolated CABG (January 2013 - December 2018) was initially evaluated. Patients undergoing off-pump (N=397) and on-pump (N=1,370) CABG were identified. To obtain two completely homogeneous study groups, propensity score matching was used. The paired groups were compared by descriptive and univariate analyses. Then, logistic regression was used to verify the effects of on- and off-pump CABG on 30-day mortality. Results: None of the baseline characteristics showed significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). None of the analyzed morbidity outcomes showed any difference between the groups, including acute myocardial infarction (3.0% vs. 1.5%; P=0.192), stroke (2.4% vs. 4.2%; P=0.193), and major reoperation (0.6% vs. 0.3%; P=1.000), as well as the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events composite outcome (6.3% vs. 7.5%; P=0.541). Mortality also did not differ (1.5% vs. 2.4%; P=0.401), and CPB support was not an independent predictor of risk for 30-day mortality (odds ratio: 2.052; 95% confidence interval: 0,609-6.913; P=0.246). Conclusion: After matching by propensity analyses, similar rates of on- and off-pump 30-day mortality and other major outcomes were observed. In addition, the use of CPB support was not an independent predictor of risk for the occurrence of 30-day mortality.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed with and without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) support has been widely discussed in the literature. However, little is known about the outcomes of those techniques in Brazil. This study aims at exploring 30-day mortality and morbidity outcomes of on- and off-pump isolated CABG in a large sample from Southern Brazil. METHODS: A single-center cohort with 1,767 patients undergoing isolated CABG (January 2013 - December 2018) was initially evaluated. Patients undergoing off-pump (N=397) and on-pump (N=1,370) CABG were identified. To obtain two completely homogeneous study groups, propensity score matching was used. The paired groups were compared by descriptive and univariate analyses. Then, logistic regression was used to verify the effects of on- and off-pump CABG on 30-day mortality. RESULTS: None of the baseline characteristics showed significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). None of the analyzed morbidity outcomes showed any difference between the groups, including acute myocardial infarction (3.0% vs. 1.5%; P=0.192), stroke (2.4% vs. 4.2%; P=0.193), and major reoperation (0.6% vs. 0.3%; P=1.000), as well as the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events composite outcome (6.3% vs. 7.5%; P=0.541). Mortality also did not differ (1.5% vs. 2.4%; P=0.401), and CPB support was not an independent predictor of risk for 30-day mortality (odds ratio: 2.052; 95% confidence interval: 0,609-6.913; P=0.246). CONCLUSION: After matching by propensity analyses, similar rates of on- and off-pump 30-day mortality and other major outcomes were observed. In addition, the use of CPB support was not an independent predictor of risk for the occurrence of 30-day mortality.
Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Disease , Postoperative Complications , Brazil/epidemiology , Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects , Coronary Artery Disease/surgery , Humans , Propensity Score , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
O implante de valva aórtica transcateter (TAVI) é uma alternativa para pacientes com estenose aórtica de alto risco cirúrgico e para muitos daqueles considerados inoperáveis. Apesar de sua característica minimamente invasiva, podem ocorrer complicações relacionadas ao procedimento. Obstrução coronária durante o TAVI é uma complicação rara, com incidência inferior a 1%, mas potencialmente letal. Em nosso país, essa complicação foi encontrada em 0,72% dos procedimentos − 3 de 418 casos do Registro Brasileiro de Implante de Bioprótese Aórtica por Cateter − com mortalidade hospitalar de 100%. Apresentamos, neste relato de caso, medidas de prevenção e tratamento de oclusão coronária após o TAVI.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an alternative for patients with aortic stenosis at high surgical risk and for many of those considered inoperable. Despite its minimally invasive features,complications related to the procedure may occur. Coronary obstruction during TAVI is a rare (incidence rate of less than 1%) but potentially lethal complication. In Brazil, this complication was found in 0.72% of procedures three of 418 cases from the Brazilian Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Registry with an in-hospital mortality rate of 100%. This case report presents prevention and treatment measures forcoronary occlusion after TAVI.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aortic Valve Stenosis/therapy , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Coronary Occlusion/complications , Coronary Occlusion/therapy , Angioplasty/methods , Femoral Artery , Catheters , Echocardiography/methods , Risk Factors , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Stents , Aortic Valve/surgeryABSTRACT
Objective: To compare in-hospital outcomes in aortic surgery in our cardiac surgery unit, before and after foundation of our Center for Aortic Surgery (CTA). Methods: Prospective cohort with non-concurrent control. Foundation of CTA required specialized training of surgical, anesthetic and intensive care unit teams, routine neurological monitoring, endovascular and hybrid facilities, training of the support personnel, improvement of the registry and adoption of specific protocols. We included 332 patients operated on between: January/2003 to December/2007 (before-CTA, n=157, 47.3%); and January/2008 to December/2010 (CTA, n=175, 52.7%). Baseline clinical and demographic data, operative variables, complications and in-hospital mortality were compared between both groups. Results: Mean age was 58±14 years, with 65% male. Group CTA was older, had higher rate of diabetes, lower rates of COPD and HF, more non-urgent surgeries, endovascular procedures, and aneurysms. In the univariate analysis, CTA had lower mortality (9.7 vs. 23.0%, P=0.008), which occurred consistently across different diseases and procedures. Other outcomes which were reduced in CTA included lower rates of reinterventions (5.7 vs 11%, P=0.046), major complications (20.6 vs. 33.1%, P=0.007), stroke (4.6 vs. 10.9%, P=0.045) and sepsis (1.7 vs. 9.6%, P=0.001), as compared to before-CTA. Multivariable analysis adjusted for potential counfounders revealed that CTA was independently associated with mortality reduction (OR=0.23, IC 95% 0.08 – 0.67, P=0.007). CTA independent mortality reduction was consistent in the multivariable analysis stratified by disease (aneurysm, OR=0.18, CI 95% 0.03 – 0.98, P=0.048; dissection, OR=0.31, CI 95% 0.09 – 0.99, P=0.049) and by procedure (hybrid, OR=0.07, CI 95% 0.007 – 0.72, P=0.026; Bentall, OR=0.18, CI 95% 0.038 – 0.904, P=0.037). Additional multivariable predictors of in-hospital mortality included creatinine ...
Objetivo: Comparar desfechos intrahospitalares em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia da aorta torácica e toracoabdominal, antes e após a constituição do Centro Especializado de Tratamento da Aorta (CTA). Métodos: Coorte prospectiva com controle não contemporâneo. A criação do CTA envolveu treinamento cirúrgico especializado, sala híbrida, monitorização neurológica, capacitação de pessoal de apoio, aperfeiçoamento dos registros e uso de protocolos específicos. Foram incluídos 332 pacientes operados em 2 períodos: janeiro/2003 a dezembro/2007 (pré-CTA, n=157, 47,3%); e janeiro/2008 a dezembro/2010 (CTA, n=175, 52,7%). As características demográficas, clínicas, dados cirúrgicos, complicações e mortalidade hospitalar foram comparados nos 2 grupos. Resultados: A idade média foi 58±14 anos, com 65% sexo masculino. O grupo CTA teve idade, prevalência de diabete (DM) e glicemia maiores; menor prevalência de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e insuficiência cardíaca; maior proporção de aneurismas e cirurgias eletivas; e mais procedimentos endovasculares que o pré-CTA. Na análise univariada, o grupo CTA mostrou redução de mortalidade (9,7% x 23,0%, P=0,008), que foi consistente nos diferentes subgrupos estratificados por patologia e por procedimento. O grupo CTA teve também redução de reoperações (5,7% x 11%, P=0,046), complicações maiores (20,6% x 33,1%, P=0,007), acidente vascular cerebral (4,6% x 10,9%, P=0,045) e sepse (1,7% x 9,6%, P=0,001), comparado ao pré-CTA. Na análise multivariada, o CTA se associou de forma independente a redução de mortalidade hospitalar (OR=0,23, IC 95% 0,08 - 0,67, P=0,007). A redução de mortalidade do CTA também ocorreu na análise estratificada por patologia (cirurgias de aneurisma, OR=0,18, IC 95% 0,03 - 0,98, P=0,048; cirurgias de dissecção, OR=0,31, IC 95% 0,09 - 0,99, P=0,049) e por procedimento (híbridos, OR=0,07, IC 95% 0,007 - 0,72, P=0,026; Bentall, OR=0,18, IC 95% 0,038 – 0,904, P=0,037). Também foram ...
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aorta/surgery , Aortic Diseases/mortality , Aortic Diseases/surgery , Hospitals, Special/statistics & numerical data , Aortic Valve/surgery , Coronary Artery Bypass/methods , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Epidemiologic Methods , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Hospital Mortality , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay , Sex Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare in-hospital outcomes in aortic surgery in our cardiac surgery unit, before and after foundation of our Center for Aortic Surgery (CTA). METHODS: Prospective cohort with non-concurrent control. Foundation of CTA required specialized training of surgical, anesthetic and intensive care unit teams, routine neurological monitoring, endovascular and hybrid facilities, training of the support personnel, improvement of the registry and adoption of specific protocols. We included 332 patients operated on between: January/2003 to December/2007 (before-CTA, n=157, 47.3%); and January/2008 to December/2010 (CTA, n=175, 52.7%). Baseline clinical and demographic data, operative variables, complications and in-hospital mortality were compared between both groups. RESULTS: Mean age was 58±14 years, with 65% male. Group CTA was older, had higher rate of diabetes, lower rates of COPD and HF, more non-urgent surgeries, endovascular procedures, and aneurysms. In the univariate analysis, CTA had lower mortality (9.7 vs. 23.0%, P=0.008), which occurred consistently across different diseases and procedures. Other outcomes which were reduced in CTA included lower rates of reinterventions (5.7 vs 11%, P=0.046), major complications (20.6 vs. 33.1%, P=0.007), stroke (4.6 vs. 10.9%, P=0.045) and sepsis (1.7 vs. 9.6%, P=0.001), as compared to before-CTA. Multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounders revealed that CTA was independently associated with mortality reduction (OR=0.23, IC 95% 0.08 - 0.67, P=0.007). CTA independent mortality reduction was consistent in the multivariable analysis stratified by disease (aneurysm, OR=0.18, CI 95% 0.03 - 0.98, P=0.048; dissection, OR=0.31, CI 95% 0.09 - 0.99, P=0.049) and by procedure (hybrid, OR=0.07, CI 95% 0.007 - 0.72, P=0.026; Bentall, OR=0.18, CI 95% 0.038 - 0.904, P=0.037). Additional multivariable predictors of in-hospital mortality included creatinine (OR=1.7 [1.1-2.6], P=0.008), urgent surgery (OR=5.0 [1.5-16.7], P=0.008) and thoracoabdominal aneurysm (OR=24.6 [3.1-194.1], P=0.002). CONCLUSION: Thoracic aorta surgery in specialized center was associated with lower incidence of complications and all-cause mortality as compared to usual care.
Subject(s)
Aorta/surgery , Aortic Diseases/mortality , Aortic Diseases/surgery , Hospitals, Special/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Aged , Aortic Valve/surgery , Coronary Artery Bypass/methods , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta (TRTA) is a life-threatening condition usually caused by deceleration mechanism following vehicle accidents. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with the conventional surgical treatment of TRTA and its long-term results. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed five patients assisted in our Service between 1990 to 2006. Four of them underwent the conventional surgical treatment and the remaining patient was submitted to an endovascular approach, by other surgeon due to high-risk comorbidities. We evaluated the perioperative morbity and mortality, as well as the long-term results. RESULTS: All the four cases were male, aged between 21 and 54 years old. Three patients were victims of vehicle accidents and one patient reported a fall from a stair. Two patients were operated on in the acute fase of TRTA (5 and 17 days) and another two patients had delayed treatment (4 months and 10 years later). No death or permanent neurologic deficits were noticed. One patient had temporary parestesias of lower limbs with complete recover in three weeks. The follow-up duration was one to 16 years; no deaths, reinterventions or other complications were observed. CONCLUSION: Although the small number of patients of the present series, we would like to stress the quality of long-term results of the surgical management of TRTA, undertaken in young patients, with a long-life expectancy.
Subject(s)
Aorta, Thoracic/injuries , Aorta, Thoracic/surgery , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rupture , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto das contra-indicações para transplante cardíaco na mortalidade e no tempo de sobrevida dos pacientes submetidos a ventriculectomia parcial esquerda. MÉTODO: Ensaio clínico näo controlado, prospectivo, de uma coorte de 43 pacientes com contra-indicaçäo para transplante, submetidos a ventriculectomia. Foram analisadas as seguintes contra-indicações: psicológicas, socioculturais, idade superior a 65 anos, hiperresistência arteriolar pulmonar e hipertensäo arterial pulmonar e recusa do paciente ao transplante. A análise estatística incluiu testes do Qui-quadrado, o método atuarial de Kaplan-Meier, o teste do"log-rank", a regressäo de Cox, os intervalos de confiança de 95 por cento e a probabilidade p, considerada significativa quando inferior a 0,05. RESULTADOS: As contra-indicações para transplante que resultaram em maior mortalidade após a ventriculectomia foram as socioculturais (p = 0,037), psicológicas (p = 0,037) e a aceitaçäo do transplante (p = 0,017). Tiveram impacto negativo no tempo de sobrevida pós-operatório as contra-indicações psicológicas (p = 0,0466), a idade superior a 65 anos (p = 0,0397) e a aceitaçäo do transplante (p = 0,0306). A presença de hiperresistência arteriolar pulmonar e/ou de hipertensäo arterial pulmonar näo interferiu na mortalidade e no tempo de sobrevida após a ventriculectomia. CONCLUSAO: Algumas contra-indicações para transplante tiveram impacto prognóstico desfavorável na mortalidade e no tempo de sobrevida após a ventriculectomia parcial esquerda, a qual näo se revelou tratamento alternativo efetivo para este grupo de pacientes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Heart Ventricles , Heart Failure , Heart Transplantation , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÄO: O emprego de stents auto-expansíveis no tratamento das afecçöes da aorta descendente apresenta-se como uma nova alternativa, e o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o seu desempenho. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: No período de abril de 1998 a novembro de 2000 (32 meses), foram operados 144 pacientes com doenças da aorta, sendo 66 (45,83 por cento) dissecçöes, 50 (34,72 por cento) aneurismas e 28 (19,44 por cento) outros procedimentos com operaçäo da aorta associada. Implantamos 37 stents auto-expansíveis na aorta descendente com acesso transesternal, circulaçäo extracorpórea, hipotermia profunda (18°C-20°C) e parada circulatória com perfusäo cerebral retrógrada. Foram 21 (56,76 por cento) dissecçöes agudas tipo B, 9 (24,32 por cento) aneurismas e dissecçöes crônicas tipo B e 7 (18,92 por cento) dissecçöes agudas tipo A. A idade média dos pacientes era de 57,95 ± 11,66 anos, sendo 64,86 por cento do sexo masculino. O acompanhamento foi de 32 meses (16,36 ± 10,29 meses) em 87,5 por cento dos pacientes com entrevistas aos médicos assistentes de regiöes distantes, ecocardiograma e tomografia computadorizada a cada 12 meses no ambulatório da Santa Casa. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade cirúrgica (30 dias) foi de 13,51 por cento, sendo 9,52 por cento nas dissecçöes agudas tipo B, 28,57 por cento nas dissecçöes agudas do tipo A e 11,22 por cento nos aneurismas e dissecçöes crônicas tipo B. As curvas de sobrevivência em 12, 24 e 33 meses säo, respectivamente, 87,92 por cento, 82,75 por cento e 74,48 por cento. Estäo livres de eventos 70,15 por cento dos pacientes, ao final de 33 meses. Dois óbitos hospitalares näo foram relacionados ao procedimento, se fossem excluídos teríamos uma mortalidade hospitalar de 8,10 por cento, o mesmo acontecendo a 1 óbito tardio. O implante de stent isolado ocorreu em 40,5 por cento dos pacientes, 3 apresentaram vazamentos distais pára-protéticos e vêm sendo acompanhados. CONCLUSÄO: Os implantes de stents intraluminais auto-expansíveis apresentaram uma mortalidade hospitalar de 13,51 por cento, mortalidade em 12, 24 e 33 meses de 9,37 por cento, 3,44 por cento e 3,57 por cento, com 70,15 por cento dos pacientes livre de eventos em 33 meses de seguimento, tornando o método factível e diminuindo a mortalidade no tratamento cirúrgico das dissecçöes agudas e crônicas do tipo B
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Aortic Dissection , Stents , Survival Analysis , Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare soft tissue infection and a life-threatening emergency, often fatal. Its incidence and management are described plentifully in the medical literature regarding the most common anatomical sites involved like the abdomen, lower and upper limbs, and perineum. However, available data and case reports of chest wall necrotizing fasciitis after thoracic procedures are scarce, mainly after major cardiac operations. We report and discuss a case of necrotizing fasciitis of the chest wall occurring in the immediate postoperative period of a cardiac procedure, and include a brief review of the concepts, pathophysiology, and treatment reported in the medical literature. We emphasize the need for early diagnosis and urgent and effective surgical debridement. Of importance is the fact that we have not found any references in the literature to cases similar or equal to the one we describe here, which occurred in the postoperative period of a cardiac procedure
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/surgery , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Soft Tissue Infections/surgery , Thorax/microbiology , Debridement/methods , Drainage/methods , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/diagnosis , Fasciitis, Necrotizing/physiopathology , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Soft Tissue Infections/diagnosis , Soft Tissue Infections/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados e a viabilidade da ventriculectomia parcial esquerda (VPE) como ponte para transplante cardíaco (TX). DELINEAMENTO: Estudo de coorte histórica e prospectivo. CASUISTICA E MÉTODOS: Cinquenta e três pacientes (pts) foram submetidos a VPE em um período de 5 anos. Destes, 7 pts com contra-indicação inicial ao TX, idades variando de 37 a 64 anos, 5 homens e 2 mulheres, com miocardiopatia dilatada, foram subseqüentemente relistados e transplantados. Foram analisados a fração de ejeção (FE), o diâmetro diastólico final do ventrículo esquerdo (DDFVE), a CF da NYHA, o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2 máx) e os escores de qualidade de vida (QV) antes da VPE, aos 3 e 6 meses, e pré-transplante...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiac Output, Low/surgery , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Heart Transplantation/methods , Heart Ventricles/surgery , Cohort Studies , Oxygen Consumption , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Disease-Free Survival , Treatment Outcome , Stroke Volume/physiologyABSTRACT
O tratamento clínico das dissecções agudas da aorta do tipo B tem mortalidade em torno de 25 por cento menor que a mortalidade cirúrgica. O tratamento cirúrgico das dissecções crônicas também produz uma morbidade e mortalidade elevadas. A utilização de "stents"auto-expansíveis endovasculares pode ser uma nova alternativa no tratamento destas lesões. De abril a dezembro de 1998 foram implantados 15 "stents" endovasculares, 10 em dissecções agudas e 5 em crônicas. A idade dos pacientes variou entre 48 e 75 anos (média=60,53/9,73 anos) com 66,6 por cento do sexo masculino. Os pacientes foram submetidos à esternotomia mediana, circulação extracorpórea (CEC) com hipotermia profunda (18/ - 20/C), parada circulatória total (PCT) e perfusão cerebral retrógrada (PCR). A aorta transversa foi incisada e implantado o "stent" na aorta descendente sob auxílio de aortoscopia. Foram analisados os tempos de CEC, pinçamento aórtico, PCT, PCR, reaquecimento, ventilação mecânica, internação, sangramento trans e pós-operatório, reposição sangüínea, gasometria, curva de eventos e sobrevida. A mortalidade hospitalar (30 dias) foi de 6,6 por cento; 2 pacientes foram reoperados com 3 e 6 meses após a operação com dissecção da aorta ascendente e aneurisma roto distal ao "stent". Quatorze vêm sendo acompanhados com 1 a 8m de evolução, sendo que 85,7 por cento estão livres de eventos e curva de sobrevida de 93,1 por cento (240 dias). Concluímos que o implante de "stent"intraluminais auto-expansíveis apresentou mortalidade menor na fase aguda da doença (6,6 por cento) comparada à nossa experiência anterior com o tratamento clínico (30 por cento). Apesar da amostra ser pequena, o procedimento parece ser promissor e necessita mais acompanhamento
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Aortic Dissection/surgery , Stents , Acute Disease , Survival Analysis , Chronic Disease , Postoperative Complications , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
A cavernosografia seriada tem sido empregada na avaliaçäo de pacientes com disfunçäo erétil. A literatura petinente é escassa, sobretudo no registro de padröes confiáveis de normalidade. Procuramos definir o padräo normal utilizando o método em oito voluntários hígidos. Os resultados foram confrontados com os obtidos em 22 cavernosogramas de pacientes com disfunçäo erétil. Säo apresentados os aspectos normais e discutida a utilidade do método no reconhecimento dos casos patológicos