ABSTRACT
Background: Medical nutritional therapy (MNT) is a key component in the treatment of Diabetes mellitus (DM). MNT is completely individual and should be present in the treatment of diabetes from the very beginning, continuously with pharmacological therapy, taking into account lifestyle, dietary habits and the type of antidiabetic therapy. Mistakes that are made when planning the diet are the absence of individual adjustment of the diet, which means that the number and time of meals, as well as the amount of UH per meal, is not adjusted to the patients' oral or insulin therapy according to their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Objective: This study investigated the effect of MNT with reduced carbohydrate content (MNT M-ADA) on the efficacy of human and analogue premix insulin in patients with T2DM. Methods: Subjects were randomized into two groups (human and analog premix insulins), and then each group into two subgroups of 30 subjects each. One subgroup each on therapy with human and analog biphasic insulins was educated about MNT and learned to count UH, and then they applied MNT M-ADA for 24 weeks, unlike the other two subgroups. In this review, we present only the subgroup analysis on human and analog premix insulins that applied MNT M-ADA (200 g UH/day). Efficacy outcomes in the analysis of these subgroups were estimated changes in each subgroup from baseline to end point (week 24) and differences between subgroups at the end of the study in levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), self-measured glucose values (SMBG) and frequency of hypoglycemia. Results: Both subgroups of subjects with MNT M-ADA improved glycemic control, which was assessed by improvements in HBA1C, SMBG levels, without an increase in the frequency of hypoglycemia, but at the end of the study there was no statistically significant difference in the mentioned parameters between the subgroups. Conclusion: The effectiveness of MNT M-ADA in people with T2DM did not depend on the type of insulin, both insulin regimens are effective if the amount of ingested UH is taken into account.
ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this case report is to show the significance of the cardiac tamponade, it's timely diagnosis and to present the unusual approach of the treatment. That was conducted with corticosteroids when the surgical procedure gave no results in rare cases like this. CASE REPORT: This paper presents the case of a man aged 72 years with a verified tamponade of pericardium. A large pericardial effusion with tamponade signs was verified by ultrasound and computerized tomography (CT) of the chest in a hemodynamically stable patient, and in the inability to evacuate the same, with pericardial fenestration, was successfully treated with corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: A large pericardial effusion with the signs of tamponade verified by echocardiography and computerized tomography, in hemodynamically stable patient, and in the inability to evacuate the same by fenestration, was treated successfully with corticosteroids.
