ABSTRACT
Introducción: En el entorno penitenciario, hay una elevada incidencia de conductas autolesivas, con una tasa de suicidio superior a la existente en la población general. Estudios previos describen la asociación de factores sociodemográficos, clínicos y criminológicos, con el riesgo de suicidio en la población penitenciaria masculina, pero hay pocas investigaciones centradas en el análisis de la conducta suicida entre mujeres. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las características de las internas que ingresan en una unidad psiquiátrica por presentar ideas de suicidio o haber realizado tentativas.Material y método: Análisis descriptivo y comparativo de 97 internos (68 hombres, 29 mujeres) ingresados en la Unidad de Hospitalización Psiquiátrica de la Penitenciaria de Cataluña (UHPP-C), por ideas de suicidio, entre el 1 de enero de 2017 y el 31 de diciembre de 2022. Resultados: Se encuentran diferencias respecto al lugar de nacimiento, con mayor presencia de nacionalidades africanas en varones no nacionales, mientras que las internas extranjeras suelen ser originarias de países latinoamericanos. Los hombres tienen menor edad media, con ingresos más prolongados y una mayor tasa de reingreso. También padecen más trastornos psicóticos y adictivos. Las mujeres presentan mayor prevalencia de trastornos de personalidad y cuadros afectivos. Conclusiones: Hay diferencias sociodemográficas y clínicas entre hombres y mujeres internos en prisión que requieren ingreso por ideación suicida. Incluir la perspectiva de género en los estudios sobre el riesgo suicida en la población penitenciaria puede proporcionar una base sólida para futuros estudios, permitiendo así una comprensión más completa de la ideación suicida y las necesidades de intervención en la población penitenciaria.(AU)
Introduction: There is a high incidence of self-harming behavior in the prison setting, with a suicide rate that is higher than that of the general population. Previous studies describe the association of sociodemographic, clinical, and criminological factors with the risk of suicide in the male prison population, but there is little research that specifically analyses suicidal behavior among women. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of inmates who are admitted to a psychiatric unit for suicidal thoughts or attempted suicide. Material and method: Descriptive and comparative analysis of 97 inmates (68 men, 29 women) admitted to the Unidad de Hospitalización Psiquiátrica Penitenciaria de Cataluña (UHPP-C), for suicidal ideation, between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022. Results: There are differences in terms of place of birth, with a more significant presence of African nationalities in non-national males, while foreign inmates tend to come from Latin American countries. Men have a lower mean age, longer admissions, and a higher readmission rate. They also suffer from more psychotic and addictive disorders. Women have a higher prevalence of personality disorders and affective symptoms. Conclusions: There are sociodemographic and clinical differences between male and female prison inmates who require admission for suicidal ideation. Including a gender perspective in studies on suicide risk in the prison population can provide a solid foundation for future studies, thus allowing a more complete understanding of suicidal ideation and intervention needs in theprison population.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prisoners/psychology , Gender Perspective , Self-Injurious Behavior , Suicide , Suicidal Ideation , Suicide, Attempted , Prisons , Spain , Psychiatry , Mental Health , Epidemiology, DescriptiveABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intolerance of change, empathy deficits, misunders- tandings, and emotional dysregulation. Core symptoms can determine criminal behaviour and subsequent interactions with the penal system. A significant presence of such symptoms is detected in forensic settings. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of autism within the prison context, summarizing and updating the knowledge in this field. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Systematic review through databases on studies that analyze the socio-demographic, clinical, and judi- cial characteristics of prisoners diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. RESULTS: Autistic traits constitute an independent risk factor for incarceration. Those inmates with autism spectrum disorder frequently present a psychiatric comorbidity, especially substance use disorder, psychotic disorders, and other neuro-develop- mental disorders. They are associated with a greater probability of self-harming thoughts and disruptive behaviours, which are not predicted by the usual evaluation tools. DISCUSSION: Prisoners with autism spectrum disorder have a differential socio-demographic, clinical, and criminal profile. A specific approach that is different from the one provided for neurotypical prisoners should be offered to these inmates. In- frastructures should be adapted to reduce fragility, make the environment more flexible and specific methods for evaluation and treatment should be developed.
Subject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder , Autistic Disorder , Prisoners , Psychotic Disorders , Humans , Prisons , Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology , Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy , Prisoners/psychologyABSTRACT
Introducción: El autismo es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo caracterizado por intolerancia al cambio, déficit en empatía,falsas interpretaciones y desregulación emocional. La sintomatología nuclear determina la comisión de delitos y la posteriorinteracción con el sistema penal, detectándose una presencia significativa en entornos forenses. El objetivo del trabajo esanalizar las características del autismo dentro del contexto penitenciario, resumiendo y actualizando el conocimiento endicho ámbito.Material y método: Revisión sistemática a través de bases de datos sobre aquellos estudios que analizan las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y judiciales, en reclusos con diagnóstico de trastorno del espectro autista.Resultados: Los rasgos autistas constituyen un factor de riesgo independiente para el encarcelamiento. Aquellos internos contrastorno del espectro autista presentan con mayor frecuencia una comorbilidad psiquiátrica, especialmente trastornos por usode sustancias, trastornos psicóticos y otros trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Asocian mayor probabilidad de pensamientos autolesivos y conductas disruptivas, que no son prevenidas por las herramientas de evaluación de uso frecuente.Discusión: Los reclusos con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) presentan un perfil diferencial a nivel sociodemográfico,clínico y delictivo. Debe ofrecerse un abordaje específico para esos internos, diferente respecto al dispuesto para los internosneurotípicos. Hay que adaptar infraestructuras para reducir su fragilidad, flexibilizando el entorno y desarrollando métodosespecíficos para la evaluación y tratamiento. (AU)
Introduction: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intolerance of change, empathy deficits, misunderstandings, and emotional dysregulation. Core symptoms can determine criminal behaviour and subsequent interactions with thepenal system. A significant presence of such symptoms is detected in forensic settings. The objective of this study is to analyzethe characteristics of autism within the prison context, summarizing and updating the knowledge in this field.Material and method: Systematic review through databases on studies that analyze the socio-demographic, clinical, and judicial characteristics of prisoners diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.Results: Autistic traits constitute an independent risk factor for incarceration. Those inmates with autism spectrum disorderfrequently present a psychiatric comorbidity, especially substance use disorder, psychotic disorders, and other neuro-developmental disorders. They are associated with a greater probability of self-harming thoughts and disruptive behaviours, which arenot predicted by the usual evaluation tools. Discussion: Prisoners with autism spectrum disorder have a differential socio-demographic, clinical, and criminal profile. Aspecific approach that is different from the one provided for neurotypical prisoners should be offered to these inmates. Infrastructures should be adapted to reduce fragility, make the environment more flexible and specific methods for evaluationand treatment should be developed. (AU)
